TEST:

cobas® KRAS Mutation Test

The present series demonstrates the presence of EGFR and KRAS mutations and documents the presence of HPV strains in several patients with SIP, alterations associated with squamous carcinomas of the nasal cavity (CNC). However, the low prevalence of the documented alterations in the present series prevents the establishment of a solid causality between these alterations and the development of SIP. New prospective series with larger sample sizes are needed to better understand the clinicopathological implications of the underlying molecular alterations.

Our study revealed the treatment outcomes of IGCTs in Thai children. The metastatic germinoma patient with KRAS codon 61 mutation had a poor outcome, supporting that Q61L has a clinical correlation with IGCTs.

According to the certain limitations of this retro-spective study using a single detection kit that include common codon changes in K-ras gene it is obvious that further studies on the histological results and their prognostic value of rare KRAS codon variants are necessary. From the other perspective, the pre-sent study demonstrated a moderate association between KRAS-mutated CRCs and specific histology, and, to a certain degree, an association between histology and prognosis, according to KRAS mutation status.

Although KRAS G12C mut tumors exhibited higher PDL1 expression, no differences were observed in mPFS nor mOS compared to KRAS nonG12C in our cohort. Starting 1 st line IT improved mPFS, regardless of KRAS mut type, with no impact on OS.

A deeper understanding of biology in KRAS mutant tumors in the era of molecular testing and precision medicine is essential. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors.

"RAS mutation frequencies in the Czech CRC patients were similar to previous reports, although rare mutations were also detected. DAS with short amplicons is a good strategy for routine assessment of somatic mutations in low-quality FFPE-derived DNA."

"Anti-PD-1 therapy (pembrolizumab) prolonged overall survival compared to any other treatment...Immune checkpoint inhibitors could represent an alternative therapeutic option particularly for KRAS-mutated NSCLC patients. Further investigation into this notion is warranted in order to validate this observation."