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    DRUG:

    melphalan

    i
    Other names: L-PAM, L-sarcolysin, phenylalanine mustard
    Company:
    Generic mfg.
    Drug class:
    Alkylating agent
    Related drugs:
    4d
    OCTANS: A Study of VELCADE (Bortezomib) Melphalan-Prednisone (VMP) Compared to Daratumumab in Combination With VMP (D-VMP), in Participants With Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma Who Are Ineligible for High-Dose Therapy (Asia Pacific Region) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=220, Completed, Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion • Combination therapy
    |
    bortezomib • Darzalex (daratumumab) • prednisone • melphalan • Darzalex Faspro (daratumumab/hyaluronidase)
    7d
    MT2022-60: Ph 2 Study of Pembro+ BEAM With ASCT for Relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=28, Not yet recruiting, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
    New P2 trial
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • cytarabine • etoposide IV • carmustine • melphalan
    10d
    ASCENT: Acute GVHD Suppression Using Costimulation Blockade to Expand Non-malignant Transplant (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=30, Active, not recruiting, Emory University | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jan 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jan 2026
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    melphalan
    11d
    A Modified Dose of Rabbit Anti-thymocyte Globulin (rATG) in Children and Adults Receiving Treatment to Help Prepare Their Bodies for a Bone Marrow Transplant (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=59, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • CD34 (CD34 molecule) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    TP53 mutation
    |
    cyclophosphamide • melphalan • fludarabine IV • thiotepa • busulfan
    11d
    RV-MM-PI-0691: Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Natural Killer Cells, Elotuzumab, Lenalidomide, and High Dose Melphalan, Followed by Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=72, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53)
    |
    TP53 mutation
    |
    lenalidomide • melphalan • Empliciti (elotuzumab)
    12d
    NCI-2018-03732: Dinutuximab, Sargramostim, and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=42, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Sep 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CXCL9 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9)
    |
    MYCN amplification • IL6 expression
    |
    cisplatin • carboplatin • doxorubicin hydrochloride • cyclophosphamide • etoposide IV • vincristine • daunorubicin • topotecan • melphalan • thiotepa • Qarziba (dinutuximab beta) • Unituxin (dinutuximab) • Leukine (sargramostim) • dexrazoxane
    13d
    A Study of Pembrolizumab Plus Local Chemotherapy Using Isolated Limb Infusion (ILI) for Patients With Sarcoma in the Arm or Leg (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=30, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • melphalan • dactinomycin
    15d
    Indisulam synergizes with melphalan to inhibit Multiple Myeloma malignancy via targeting TOP2A. (PubMed, PLoS One)
    Finally, Indisulam/melphalan combination treatment demonstrated a strong synergistic anti-tumor effect compared to single-agent treatments in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that combination therapies incorporating indisulam and melphalan have the potential to enhance treatment outcomes for MM.
    Journal
    |
    TOP2A (DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha) • ANXA5 (Annexin A5)
    |
    melphalan • indisulam (E7070)
    15d
    Design of a prodrug photocage for cancer cells detection and anticancer drug release. (PubMed, Talanta)
    The design strategy involves utilizing an anticancer drug (Melphalan) to bind with a fluorescent group (HRhod-OH), forming HRhod-MeL, which is non-fluorescent...The Photocage improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs and enables the precise diagnosis and killing of cancer cells. Therefore, the prepared Photocage can detect cancer cells and release anticancer drugs in situ, which provides a new method for the development of prodrugs.
    Journal
    |
    RHOD (Ras Homolog Family Member D)
    |
    melphalan
    19d
    UARK 2006-66, Total Therapy 3B: An Extension of UARK 2003-33 Total Therapy (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=177, Active, not recruiting, University of Arkansas | Trial completion date: Aug 2024 --> Aug 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2024 --> Aug 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    cisplatin • bortezomib • doxorubicin hydrochloride • cyclophosphamide • etoposide IV • thalidomide • melphalan
    20d
    CD34+ Transplants for Leukemia and Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Guenther Koehne | Trial completion date: Mar 2031 --> Jun 2031 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2031 --> Jun 2031
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    cyclophosphamide • melphalan • fludarabine IV • thiotepa • busulfan
    24d
    Comparing Dara-VCD Chemotherapy Plus Stem Cell Transplant to Dara-VCD Chemotherapy Alone for People Who Have Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloidosis (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=338, Not yet recruiting, SWOG Cancer Research Network | Initiation date: Oct 2023 --> May 2024
    Trial initiation date
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    bortezomib • cyclophosphamide • melphalan • Darzalex Faspro (daratumumab/hyaluronidase) • Hemady (dexamethasone tablets) • dexamethasone injection
    24d
    Donor Peripheral Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Advanced Hematologic Cancer or Other Disorders (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=260, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date • Metastases
    |
    HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B)
    |
    cyclophosphamide • etoposide IV • sirolimus • melphalan • fludarabine IV • busulfan • cyclosporine
    24d
    Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Stage IIIB Breast Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=41, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    cisplatin • paclitaxel • tamoxifen • doxorubicin hydrochloride • cyclophosphamide • melphalan • mesna • Neupogen (filgrastim)
    1m
    MyMel: Personalized Autologous Transplant for Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1; Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jun 2026
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CELLSEARCH®
    |
    melphalan
    1m
    Busulfan, Melphalan, Topotecan Hydrochloride, and a Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed or Relapsed Solid Tumor (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=25, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date • Metastases
    |
    topotecan • melphalan • busulfan • Neupogen (filgrastim)
    1m
    Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibody Therapy and Combination Chemotherapy Before Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Primary Refractory or Relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=25, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    cytarabine • etoposide IV • carmustine • melphalan • Simulect (basiliximab)
    1m
    Bortezomib, Total Marrow Irradiation, Fludarabine Phosphate, and Melphalan in Treating Patients Undergoing Donor Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant For High-Risk Stage I or II Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=18, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date • Combination therapy
    |
    HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1)
    |
    Chr del(17p)
    |
    bortezomib • sirolimus • melphalan • fludarabine IV
    1m
    Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab and Combination Chemotherapy Before Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Mature T-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=20, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    cytarabine • etoposide IV • etoposide oral • carmustine • melphalan • Simulect (basiliximab)
    1m
    Clofarabine and Melphalan Before Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Myelodysplasia, Acute Leukemia in Remission, or Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=72, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B) • HLA-C (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, C)
    |
    sirolimus • clofarabine • melphalan
    1m
    High Dose Ascorbic Acid (HDAA) in Patients With Plasma Cell Disorders (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=18, Not yet recruiting, University of Arkansas
    New P1 trial
    |
    melphalan
    1m
    Clinical Trial of Consolidation Treatment With Iodine I 131 Tositumomab for Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=16, Active, not recruiting, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Mar 2023 --> Sep 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    melphalan • Bexxar (iodine I 131 tositumomab)
    2ms
    Risk factors of early disease progression and decreased survival for multiple myeloma patients after upfront autologous stem cell transplantation. (PubMed, Ann Hematol)
    For OS, patients with ISS stage III (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.05-4.04), the presence of extramedullary disease (HR 3.92, 95% CI 2.03-7.58), light chain ratio ≥ 100 before ASCT (HR 7.08, 95% CI 1.45-34.59), post-ASCT cytomegalovirus infection (HR 9.43, 95% CI 3.09-28.84), and a lower conditioning melphalan dose (< 140 mg/m2; HR 2.75, 95% CI 1.23-6.17) experienced shorter OS...Other factors also align with previous studies. Our study provides real-world insights for post-ASCT outcome prediction beyond clinical trials.
    Journal
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    melphalan
    2ms
    Donor Stem Cell Transplantation Using α/β+ T-lymphocyte Depleted Grafts From HLA Mismatched Donors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=9, Terminated, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Mar 2024 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Mar 2024; Low accrual
    Trial completion date • Trial termination • Trial primary completion date
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • ABL1 (ABL proto-oncogene 1) • BCR (BCR Activator Of RhoGEF And GTPase) • RUNX1 (RUNX Family Transcription Factor 1) • KMT2A (Lysine Methyltransferase 2A) • CRLF2 (Cytokine Receptor Like Factor 2) • IKZF1 (IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 1) • NUP214 (Nucleoporin 214) • CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) • DEK (DEK Proto-Oncogene)
    |
    TP53 mutation • RUNX1 mutation • KMT2A rearrangement • IKZF1 mutation • MLL mutation • Chr t(9;11)
    |
    Rituxan (rituximab) • cyclophosphamide • clofarabine • melphalan • fludarabine IV • thiotepa • busulfan
    2ms
    EQUULEUS: A Study of JNJ-54767414 (HuMax CD38) (Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody) in Combination With Backbone Treatments for the Treatment of Patients With Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=242, Completed, Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion • Combination therapy
    |
    lenalidomide • bortezomib • Darzalex (daratumumab) • prednisone • carfilzomib • dexamethasone • pomalidomide • thalidomide • melphalan
    2ms
    NCI-2018-01758: Genetically Engineered Cells (NY-ESO-1 TCR Engineered T Cells and HSCs) After Melphalan Conditioning Regimen in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=4, Active, not recruiting, Roswell Park Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2027
    Trial completion date
    |
    CTAG1B (Cancer/testis antigen 1B)
    |
    melphalan • Proleukin (aldesleukin)
    2ms
    Melphalan, Prednisone, and Thalidomide or Lenalidomide in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=306, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)
    Trial completion date
    |
    lenalidomide • thalidomide • melphalan
    2ms
    Lenalidomide in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=460, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)
    Trial completion date
    |
    lenalidomide • melphalan
    2ms
    P30CA015704: JAK Inhibitor Before Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Primary or Secondary Myelofibrosis (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=61, Active, not recruiting, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center | N=99 --> 61
    Enrollment change
    |
    HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B) • HLA-C (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, C)
    |
    Jakafi (ruxolitinib) • cyclophosphamide • methotrexate • melphalan • fludarabine IV • busulfan
    2ms
    225Ac-DOTA-Anti-CD38 Daratumumab Monoclonal Antibody With Fludarabine, Melphalan and Total Marrow and Lymphoid Irradiation as Conditioning Treatment for Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Patients With High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=15, Not yet recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center
    New P1 trial
    |
    Darzalex (daratumumab) • sirolimus • melphalan • fludarabine IV
    2ms
    Reduced Intensity Conditioning (RIC) Regimen for Patients With Non-malignant Disorders (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=75, Active, not recruiting, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
    |
    Campath (alemtuzumab) • melphalan • busulfan
    2ms
    High Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Transplant for Neuroblastoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=13, Completed, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota | Recruiting --> Completed | N=20 --> 13
    Trial completion • Enrollment change
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    carboplatin • etoposide IV • melphalan
    2ms
    Auto Transplant for High Risk or Relapsed Solid or CNS Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=44, Completed, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota | Recruiting --> Completed | N=20 --> 44
    Trial completion • Enrollment change
    |
    MYCN (MYCN Proto-Oncogene BHLH Transcription Factor) • CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    LDH elevation • MYCN amplification • MYCN expression
    |
    carboplatin • paclitaxel • ifosfamide • etoposide IV • melphalan • thiotepa • busulfan
    2ms
    Total Marrow and Lymphoid Irradiation, Fludarabine, and Melphalan Before Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Participants With High-Risk Acute Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=36, Recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Nov 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Nov 2028
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • NPM1 (Nucleophosmin 1) • HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B) • HLA-C (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, C)
    |
    MLL rearrangement
    |
    melphalan • fludarabine IV
    2ms
    A Study to Evaluate Subcutaneous Daratumumab in Combination With Standard Multiple Myeloma Treatment Regimens (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=265, Active, not recruiting, Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Trial completion date: Nov 2023 --> Feb 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    lenalidomide • bortezomib • prednisone • carfilzomib • melphalan • Darzalex Faspro (daratumumab/hyaluronidase)
    2ms
    FRE: Fluoroquinolone Resistance Prevalence Study (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=144, Recruiting, Hackensack Meridian Health | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    melphalan
    2ms
    Reduced Intensity Allogeneic HCT in Advanced Hematologic Malignancies w/T-Cell Depleted Graft (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=40, Recruiting, Stanford University | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Dec 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
    |
    HLA-DRB1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1) • HLA-B (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, B) • HLA-C (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, C)
    |
    Jakafi (ruxolitinib) • cyclophosphamide • melphalan • fludarabine IV • thiotepa • Neupogen (filgrastim) • plerixafor
    2ms
    Helical Tomotherapy, Fludarabine Phosphate, and Melphalan Followed By Allo-HSCT in Hematological Malignancies (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=75, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date
    |
    sirolimus • melphalan • fludarabine IV
    2ms
    A Phase II Study of Allo-HCT for B-Cell NHL Using Zevalin, Fludarabine and Melphalan (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=41, Completed, City of Hope Medical Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion
    |
    CD20 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A1)
    |
    Rituxan (rituximab) • sirolimus • melphalan • fludarabine IV • Zevalin (ibritumomab tiuxetan)
    2ms
    ECT-001 (UM171) Expanded Cord Blood Transplant to Treat High-risk Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=20, Active, not recruiting, Ciusss de L'Est de l'Île de Montréal | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2021 --> Oct 2023
    Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule)
    |
    Chr del(17p) • Chr t(4;14) • Chr t(14;16) • Chr t(14;20) • C1As
    |
    cyclophosphamide • melphalan • ECT-001-CB
    2ms
    Genetically Modified T-cells (CMV-Specific CD19-CAR T-cells) Plus a Vaccine (CMV-MVA Triplex) Following Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Intermediate or High Grade B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=15, Recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Apr 2027 --> Dec 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Mar 2028
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • CAR T-Cell Therapy
    |
    cytarabine • carmustine • melphalan • CMV/CD19 bi-Specific CAR T • Triplex (CMV-MVA vaccine)
    2ms
    Combination Chemotherapy, Total Body Irradiation, and Donor Blood Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Secondary Myelofibrosis (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=16, Recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Mar 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases • Post-transplantation
    |
    cyclophosphamide • melphalan • fludarabine IV