^
    3d
    Comparison of Histopathologic Features of Right and Left Sided Colon Cancer. (PubMed, ANZ J Surg)
    RCC was associated with a higher rate of dMMR and high-grade tumours, and a greater proportion of mucinous adenocarcinomas.
    Journal
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    BRAF V600E • MSI-H/dMMR • NRAS mutation • BRAF V600
    4d
    The role of RAS mutations in leukemia progression, differentiation, and drug resistance. (PubMed, Leuk Res Rep)
    Ultimately, RAS mutations drive monocytic differentiation of LSCs and venetoclax (VEN) resistance through BCL-2 family rewiring. Beyond AML, they are hallmark genetic lesions in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and present in 15%-20% of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases. Here, we propose a comprehensive pathogenic model and targeted therapeutic framework focusing on RAS, MCL-1, BCL2L1 to overcome drug resistance and improve patient outcomes.
    Review • Journal • IO biomarker
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • RUNX1 (RUNX Family Transcription Factor 1) • KMT2A (Lysine Methyltransferase 2A) • BCL2L1 (BCL2-like 1) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus) • CEBPA (CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha)
    |
    KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation • FLT3-ITD mutation • KIT mutation • RUNX1 mutation • RAS mutation • MLL rearrangement • MLL mutation
    |
    Venclexta (venetoclax)
    5d
    Genetics and MRD for therapy allocation in adults with Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (PubMed, Blood)
    The combination of genetics and MRD allows accurate identification of adult Ph- ALL patients candidates to alloHSCT or chemotherapy. The trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04179929.
    Journal
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • NOTCH1 (Notch 1) • KMT2A (Lysine Methyltransferase 2A) • IKZF1 (IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 1) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B) • FBXW7 (F-Box And WD Repeat Domain Containing 7)
    |
    TP53 mutation • NRAS mutation • PTEN mutation • CDKN2A deletion • KMT2A rearrangement
    9d
    Impact of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on survival in pediatric primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis: a systematic review and pooled survival analysis. (PubMed, Childs Nerv Syst)
    Pediatric PDLM carries a uniformly poor prognosis. Immunotherapy and chemotherapy were the only treatments independently associated with improved survival, highlighting their central role in management of this rare disease.
    Review • Journal • IO biomarker
    |
    NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    NRAS mutation • NRAS G13
    9d
    Analysis of Somatic Mutations and Immunotherapy Biomarkers in Chinese Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer During 2019-2024: A Retrospective Study. (PubMed, Health Sci Rep)
    TP53 mutations were more prevalent in males (p = 0.03) and associated with squamous cell carcinomas (p = 0.007), whereas EGFR mutations were more common in females (p < 0.001) and associated with lung adenocarcinomas (p = 0.029). Our findings suggest that a high TMB combined with a heterozygous HLA-I genotype serves as an effective biomarker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in Chinese patients with NSCLC.
    Retrospective data • Journal • Tumor mutational burden • IO biomarker
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) • PDGFRA (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha) • CTNNB1 (Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1) • PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-kinases)
    |
    TP53 mutation • EGFR mutation • TMB-H • NRAS mutation • PTEN mutation • TMB-L • MET mutation • PDGFRA mutation
    9d
    EAY131-Z1A: Testing Binimetinib as a Potential Targeted Treatment in Cancers With NRAS Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol Z1A) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=53, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027
    Trial completion date
    |
    NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    NRAS mutation
    |
    Mektovi (binimetinib)
    10d
    An evaluation of avutometinib in combination with defactinib for KRAS-mutated recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer. (PubMed, Expert Rev Anticancer Ther)
    Avutometinib plus defactinib represents a promising targeted therapeutic strategy for recurrent LGSOC, particularly in patients with KRAS-mutant tumors. If confirmed in phase III trials, this combination may establish a molecularly informed disease-specific treatment paradigm with the potential for more durable disease control than existing therapies.
    Review • Journal
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation
    |
    Avmapki (avutometinib) • Fakzynja (defactinib)
    10d
    Association Between Proto-Oncogene N-RAS Transcript Level and Overall Survival in Node-Negative Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. (PubMed, Clin Genitourin Cancer)
    This retrospective study demonstrates that N-RAS transcript levels may be prognostic for node-negative MIBC. Low N-RAS transcript levels may also be associated with an overall survival benefit with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
    |
    KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation • RAS mutation
    |
    cisplatin
    10d
    Trametinib and Navitoclax in Treating Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=96, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027
    Trial completion date • IO biomarker
    |
    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • BCL2L2 (BCL2 Like 2)
    |
    KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation
    |
    Mekinist (trametinib) • navitoclax (ABT 263) • omipalisib (GSK2126458)
    11d
    Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Extensive Tumor Venous Thrombosis and Spectrum of Unusual Metastases: Initial Radioiodine Response Followed by TENIS with NRAS Mutation. (PubMed, J Nucl Med Technol)
    Genetic analysis of the orbital lesion revealed NRAS, TP53, and CDKN2A mutations. This case highlights the spectrum of uncommon metastases, discordance in molecular imaging, and importance of correlating molecular imaging with molecular pathology.
    Journal
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A)
    |
    TP53 mutation • NRAS mutation
    12d
    Cytology-First Diagnostic Workflow for Melanoma of Unknown Primary With Molecular Profiling. (PubMed, Cytopathology)
    This case highlights the clinical utility of a cytology-first diagnostic workflow for MUP, in which FNA combined with a targeted immunohistochemical panel enables rapid lineage confirmation and facilitates timely surgical excision and molecular testing. Integration of cytologic diagnosis with genomic analysis provides a practical, real-world approach to precision oncology in complex metastatic presentations of melanoma.
    Journal • Tumor mutational burden
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MYC (V-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • MAP2K2 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B) • SOX10 (SRY-Box 10) • MLANA (Melan-A)
    |
    BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation
    12d
    KN-8701: A Study to Evaluate KIN-2787 in Participants With BRAF and/or NRAS Mutation Positive Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=400, Active, not recruiting, Pierre Fabre Medicament | N=182 --> 400
    Enrollment change
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation
    |
    Mektovi (binimetinib) • exarafenib (KIN-2787)