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BIOMARKER:

BRAF mutation

i
Other names: BRAF, B-raf proto-oncogene, B-raf proto-oncogene, Serine/threonine kinase, V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf, Proto-oncogene B-Raf, BRAF1, RAFB1, B-raf proto-oncogene Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Murine sarcoma viral (V-Raf) oncogene homolog B1, B-raf serine/threonine-protein, 94 KDa B-raf protein, B-RAF1
Entrez ID:
Related tests:
23h
Ultraviolet Radiation Biological and Medical Implications. (PubMed, Curr Issues Mol Biol)
UV radiation plays a significant role in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) development by causing mutations in the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, which dysregulates cell proliferation and survival. UV radiation can also induce the development of squamous cell carcinoma via mutations in the TP53 gene and upregulation of MMPs in the stroma layer of the skin.
Review • Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
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TP53 mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation
24h
Role of Surgery in Metastatic Melanoma and Review of Melanoma Molecular Characteristics. (PubMed, Cells)
This was performed in the context of metastatic melanoma and the role of metastasectomy in the metastatic melanoma population. A comprehensive review of these molecular characteristics is presented with a focus on their prognosis and role in surgical metastasectomy.
Review • Journal • Surgery • Metastases
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EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • KIT (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • NF1 (Neurofibromin 1) • MITF (Melanocyte Inducing Transcription Factor)
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TP53 mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • PTEN mutation • NF1 mutation
3d
What Is the Timing and Role of Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma? (PubMed, Cancer J)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the preferred first-line standard-of-care treatment for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic disease in patients irrespective of BRAF mutational status. Given these developments, it is now less clear how to optimize the use of MAPK-targeted therapy regarding treatment setting and in sequence with immune checkpoint inhibitor.
Journal • IO biomarker • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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BRAF mutation
3d
BRAF Mutated and Morphologically Spitzoid Tumors, a Subgroup of Melanocytic Neoplasms Difficult to Distinguish From True Spitz Neoplasms. (PubMed, Am J Surg Pathol)
Expert melanoma pathologists in this study favored a diagnosis of ST in nearly half of the BAMS cases. There are BAMS cases that even experts cannot morphologically distinguish from true Spitz neoplasms.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)
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BRAF mutation • HRAS mutation
3d
The frequency of NRAS mutation in stool samples of Iranian colorectal cancers compared to Finnish patients. (PubMed, J Res Med Sci)
Mutations in NRAS and FGFR3 were observed only in the Iranian cohort, while APC mutations were exclusive for the Finnish cohort. Genes involved in MAPK and PI3K-MAPK pathways showed a higher frequency of mutations in Iranian patients which may have therapeutic implications.
Journal
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) • FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) • STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) • AKT1 (V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1) • SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4) • FBXW7 (F-Box And WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) • APC (APC Regulator Of WNT Signaling Pathway) • ERBB4 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4)
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TP53 mutation • KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • STK11 mutation • KIT mutation • APC mutation • AKT1 mutation
4d
The effects of Aurora Kinase inhibition on thyroid cancer growth and sensitivity to MAPK-directed therapies. (PubMed, Cancer Biol Ther)
We further demonstrated that combined MEK1/2 and AURKB inhibition slowed cell growth, which was phenocopied by inhibiting AURKB and ERK1/2. Finally, we show that combined AURKB and ERK1/2 inhibition induces apoptosis in BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines, together suggesting a potential combination therapy for BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer patients.
Journal
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AURKB (Aurora Kinase B)
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BRAF mutation
5d
Advances in targeted therapy and biomarker research in thyroid cancer. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne))
The concepts discovered during this investigation have the potential to completely transform the way that care is provided, bringing in a new era of personalized, precision medicine. This paradigm shift could improve the prognosis and quality of life for individuals with thyroid cancer and act as an inspiration for advances in other cancer types.
Review • Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene)
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BRAF mutation • RET mutation
6d
The histologic features, molecular features, detection and management of serrated polyps: a review. (PubMed, Front Oncol)
The management of these lesions necessitates the crucial steps of removing premalignant lesions and implementing regular surveillance. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the epidemiology, histologic features, molecular features, and detection methods for various serrated polyps, along with recommendations for their management and surveillance.
Review • Journal
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation
6d
Enrollment change
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PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS) • NTRK1 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1) • NTRK3 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3) • NTRK2 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2)
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PD-L1 expression • KRAS mutation • KRAS G12C • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • NTRK1 fusion • NTRK3 fusion • NTRK2 fusion • RET fusion • ALK fusion • RET mutation • ROS1 fusion • KRAS G12 • ALK-ROS1 fusion
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Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • Zelboraf (vemurafenib) • Rozlytrek (entrectinib) • Alecensa (alectinib) • Cotellic (cobimetinib) • Gavreto (pralsetinib) • divarasib (RG6330)
7d
Trial completion • Metastases
|
KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
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BRAF mutation
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ulixertinib (BVD-523) • hydroxychloroquine
7d
Vemurafenib, Cetuximab, and Irinotecan Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Solid Tumors That Are Metastatic or That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=33, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2026
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Surgery • Metastases
|
KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
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BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • RAS wild-type • BRAF positive
|
Erbitux (cetuximab) • Zelboraf (vemurafenib) • irinotecan
7d
Enrollment open • Metastases
|
EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4)
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KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • BRAF wild-type • SMAD4 mutation
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Erbitux (cetuximab) • 5-fluorouracil • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium • Enweida (envafolimab)
7d
Selumetinib and Cyclosporine in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors or Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=40, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2025
Trial completion date • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RAF1 (Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine Kinase) • MAPK1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1)
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BRAF mutation • RAS mutation
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Koselugo (selumetinib) • cyclosporin A microemulsion
7d
Mechanisms of vemurafenib-induced anti-tumor effects in ATC FRO cells. (PubMed, Heliyon)
The protein expression levels of Bax and E-cadherin were up-regulated significantly, and the expression levels of BRAF, CyclinD1, Bcl-2, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR were markedly down-regulated with increasing concentrations of vemurafenib (P < 0.05). The proliferation and metastasis of FRO cells can be suppressed by vemurafenib through the silencing of BRAF and BANCR expression, inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest.
Journal • IO biomarker
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BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • CCND1 (Cyclin D1) • CDH1 (Cadherin 1) • BAX (BCL2-associated X protein)
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BRAF mutation • BCL2 expression • CCND1 expression • CDH1 expression • BAX expression
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Zelboraf (vemurafenib)
7d
The outcome in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma treated with anti-programmed death receptor-1 monotherapy or targeted therapy in the real-world setting. (PubMed, Cancer Med)
Present real-world data document the high effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Although targeted therapy had higher response rates, immunotherapy improved PFS and OS. While the prognostic value of LDH was confirmed, the potential use of blood cell count-derived parameters to predict outcomes needs further investigation.
Retrospective data • Journal • Real-world evidence • IO biomarker • Real-world • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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BRAF mutation • LDH elevation
9d
Dynamic ctDNA-based analysis of drug-resistant gene alterations at RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer patients after cetuximab plus chemotherapy as the first-line treatment. (PubMed, Int Immunopharmacol)
Resistant gene mutations caused by anti-EGFR drugs in RAS/BRAF wild-type mCRC patients can be observed by dynamic ctDNA analysis. TP53 and AMER1 mutations, tumor mutational burden (TMB) levels, and TP53/AMER1 co-mutation may predict the efficacy of the first-line cetuximab-contained treatment. Situations of genetic mutations were differentiated from first-line PD to second-line PD, which indicated that mutation detection may contribute to predict prognosis of mCRC patients.
Journal • Tumor mutational burden • Circulating tumor DNA • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • FBXW7 (F-Box And WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) • AMER1 (APC Membrane Recruitment Protein 1)
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TP53 mutation • BRAF mutation • BRAF wild-type • AMER1 mutation
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Erbitux (cetuximab)
9d
Relevance of mutations in protein deubiquitinases genes and TP53 in corticotroph pituitary tumors. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne))
Changes in protein deubiquitinases genes appear to be favorable prognostic factors in CD. TP53 mutations are rare, occur in both functioning and silent tumors and are related to poor clinical outcome in CD.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53)
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TP53 mutation • BRAF mutation • TP53 expression • BRAF mutation + TP53 mutation
9d
Benefit, recurrence pattern, and toxicity to adjuvant anti-PD-1 monotherapy varies by ethnicity and melanoma subtype: An international multicenter cohort study. (PubMed, JAAD Int)
Ethnicity and melanoma subtype are associated with survival and recurrence pattern in melanoma patients treated with adjuvant anti-PD-1. Toxicity profile differs by ethnicity and may require a precision toxicity surveillance strategy.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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BRAF mutation
10d
Prognostic Significance of KIF-12 Functioning as a Tumour Suppressor in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. (PubMed, J Cancer)
The prognostic value of KIF12 was also successfully validated in clinical samples from twenty-nine PTC patients with lateral lymph node metastasis by comparison with twenty-two PTC patients without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.004). We report that KIF-12 has a tumor suppressive function in PTC and may be a useful prognostic tool to predict patient outcomes.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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BRAF mutation
10d
Biomarker characterization in endometrial cancer in Europe: first survey data analysis from 69 pathological academic and hospital labs. (PubMed, Pathologica)
Other markers (mainly p53 followed by POLE and PTEN) are investigated in particular in Spain and Switzerland in a consistent number of cases. Guidelines consultation and standardization of laboratory procedures are efficient means for EC prognostic risk stratification and improving the quality of care.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • MSH6 (MutS homolog 6) • MSH2 (MutS Homolog 2) • PMS2 (PMS1 protein homolog 2)
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TP53 mutation • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • PMS2 mutation
10d
Testing the Combination of the Anticancer Drugs ZEN003694 and Binimetinib in Patients With Advanced/Metastatic or Unresectable Solid Tumors With RAS Alterations and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=42, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • NF1 (Neurofibromin 1)
|
BRAF mutation • HER-2 amplification • NF1 mutation • HRAS mutation • BRAF fusion
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Mektovi (binimetinib) • ZEN-3694
11d
Molecular Frontiers in Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
These advances emphasize the challenges of therapy resistance and the importance of personalized medicine. This review underlines the necessity for evidence-based therapy selection in managing the increasing global incidence of melanoma.
Review • Journal • IO biomarker
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • KIT (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • GNAQ (G Protein Subunit Alpha Q) • GNA11 (G Protein Subunit Alpha 11)
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BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KIT mutation
11d
The MITF/mir-579-3p regulatory axis dictates BRAF-mutated melanoma cell fate in response to MAPK inhibitors. (PubMed, Cell Death Dis)
Finally, the long-term development of resistance to MAPKi is able to select cells characterized by the loss of both miR-579-3p and MITF and the same down-regulation is also present in patients relapsing after treatments. Altogether these findings suggest that miR-579-3p/MITF interplay potentially governs the balance between proliferation, senescence and resistance to therapies in BRAF-mutant melanomas.
Journal • IO biomarker
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • MITF (Melanocyte Inducing Transcription Factor)
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BRAF mutation
12d
Preclinical efficacy of RAF/MEK clamp avutometinib in combination with FAK inhibition in low grade serous ovarian cancer. (PubMed, Gynecol Oncol)
Avutometinib, and to a larger extent its combination with FAK inhibitor VS-4718, demonstrated promising in vivo activity against a KRAS wild-type LGSOC-PDX. These data support the ongoing registration-directed study (RAMP201/NCT04625270).
Preclinical • Journal • Combination therapy
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2) • PRKDC (Protein Kinase, DNA-Activated, Catalytic Subunit) • PTK2B (Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Beta)
|
KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type
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avutometinib (VS-6766) • defactinib (VS-6063) • VS-4718
13d
KEYNOTE A60: NT-I7 (Efineptakin Alfa) in Combination With Pembrolizumab in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=215, Active, not recruiting, NeoImmuneTech | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Nov 2024 | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS)
|
EGFR mutation • BRAF mutation • ALK translocation • ROS1 mutation
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Hyleukin-7 (efineptakin alfa)
14d
A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of BMS-986408 Alone and in Combination With Nivolumab or Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=402, Active, not recruiting, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=113 --> 402 | Trial completion date: Mar 2027 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2027 --> Oct 2025
Enrollment closed • Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
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BRAF mutation
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Opdivo (nivolumab) • cisplatin • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • paclitaxel • pemetrexed • BMS-986408
14d
Trial primary completion date
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS) • NTRK1 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1) • NTRK3 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3) • NTRK2 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2)
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PD-L1 expression • KRAS mutation • KRAS G12C • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • NTRK1 fusion • NTRK3 fusion • NTRK2 fusion • RET fusion • ALK fusion • RET mutation • ROS1 fusion • KRAS G12 • ALK-ROS1 fusion
|
Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • Zelboraf (vemurafenib) • Rozlytrek (entrectinib) • Alecensa (alectinib) • Cotellic (cobimetinib) • Gavreto (pralsetinib) • divarasib (RG6330)
14d
Cancer Preventive Vaccine Nous-209 for Lynch Syndrome Patients (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=60, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | N=45 --> 60 | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 --> Mar 2025
Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • MLH1 (MutL homolog 1) • MSH6 (MutS homolog 6) • MSH2 (MutS Homolog 2)
|
BRAF mutation • MSH2 mutation • MLH1 mutation • PMS2 mutation
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NOUS-209
15d
Response to Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in a Patient With an Uncommon Activating BRAF Mutation: A First in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. (PubMed, J Natl Compr Canc Netw)
This report presents a case of a woman with metastatic NSCLC harboring a class II BRAF p.N486_P490del variant who had a sustained clinical response to combination therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib. This first report of the use of BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy for this variant in NSCLC supports consideration of such treatment for tumors with class II BRAF variants.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
BRAF V600E • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600
|
Mekinist (trametinib) • Tafinlar (dabrafenib)
15d
In-house molecular diagnosis of diffuse glioma updating the revised WHO classification by a platform of the advanced medical care system, Senshin-Iryo. (PubMed, Neuropathology)
Among the remaining 16 patients, only four (7.4%) were diagnosed with diffuse glioma, not elsewhere classified, which was excluded in 12 cases where glioblastoma was confirmed by histopathological diagnosis. Our Senshin-Iryo trial functioned as a salvage system to overcome the transition period between continued revisions of WHO classification that has caused a clinical dilemma in the Japanese healthcare system.
Journal • Metastases
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EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • MGMT (6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase)
|
BRAF mutation • TERT mutation • TERT promoter mutation
15d
Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Targeting the HGF/c-MET Pathway: The MEK Inhibitor Trametinib. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
However, resistance remains a challenge, necessitating ongoing research to counteract the resistance mechanisms. This review offers an in-depth exploration of the HGF/c-MET signaling pathway, trametinib's mechanism, clinical applications, combination strategies, and future directions in the context of pancreatic cancer.
Review • Journal
|
MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1) • MAP2K2 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2)
|
BRAF mutation • RAS mutation
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Mekinist (trametinib)
15d
Recent Advances in Therapeutic Strategies to Improve Colorectal Cancer Treatment. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
The use of fluoropyrimidine (FP)-based chemotherapy regimens to treat mCRC continues to evolve contributing to improved long-term survival. Future advances in chemotherapy for mCRC will need to position development relative to the advances made in precision oncology.
Review • Journal
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
EGFR mutation • BRAF mutation • RAS mutation
15d
Comparison of Immunotherapy versus Targeted Therapy Effectiveness in BRAF-Mutant Melanoma Patients and Use of cGAS Expression and Aneuploidy as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
We found that there was no correlation of aneuploidy with outcome while there was some positive correlation of cGAS levels with PFS. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to test other potential biomarkers.
Journal • IO biomarker
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • CGAS (Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase)
|
BRAF mutation
15d
Induction of Multiple Alternative Mitogenic Signaling Pathways Accompanies the Emergence of Drug-Tolerant Cancer Cells. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
We found that there are numerous alternative mitogenic pathways that become activated in both cases, including YAP, STAT3, IGFR1, and phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinase C (PKC) pathways. Our results suggest that an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent drug tolerance will need to take multiple alternative mitogenic pathways into account rather than focusing on one specific pathway.
Journal
|
STAT3 (Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3) • IGF1 (Insulin-like growth factor 1)
|
EGFR mutation • BRAF mutation
16d
Correlation between genetic alterations and clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinomas. (PubMed, J Int Med Res)
Our findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between gene mutations and PTC and may contribute to improved PTC management.
Journal
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
BRAF mutation
16d
Exploring Molecular Genetic Alterations and RAF Fusions in Melanoma: A Belvarafenib Expanded Access Program in Patients with RAS/RAF-Mutant Melanoma. (PubMed, Oncologist)
Our study highlights the value of NGS in detecting BRAF, NRAS mutations and RAF fusions, expanding possibilities for targeted therapies in malignant melanoma. Belvarafenib showed clinical benefit in patients harboring these alterations. Ongoing trials will provide further insights into the safety and efficacy of belvarafenib.
Journal
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
|
BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • RAS mutation
|
belvarafenib (RG6185)
16d
Trial completion date • Metastases
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RAF1 (Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine Kinase) • MAPK1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1)
|
BRAF mutation • RAS mutation
|
Koselugo (selumetinib) • cyclosporin A microemulsion
16d
Trial suspension
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1)
|
BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • IDH1 mutation
|
Xpovio (selinexor)
16d
Enrollment open • Metastases
|
EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS)
|
EGFR mutation • BRAF mutation • ALK translocation
17d
Historical context, process, and development trends of pediatric thyroid cancer research: a bibliometric analysis. (PubMed, Front Oncol)
Therefore, scholars should focus on exploring fusion genes, the clinical applications of molecular targets, and novel treatment methods. This study provides a strong reference for scholars in this field.
Review • Journal
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene) • DICER1 (Dicer 1 Ribonuclease III)
|
BRAF mutation • RET mutation
17d
A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer. (PubMed, ACS Omega)
In this review, we have explained various therapeutic approaches for SC treatment via ligands, targeted photosensitizers, natural and synthetic drugs for the treatment of SC, an epigenetic approach for management of melanoma, photodynamic therapy, and targeted therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma. This article also provides a detailed summary of the various natural drugs that are effective in managing melanoma and reducing the occurrence of skin cancer at early stages and focuses on the current status and future prospects of various therapies available for the management of skin cancer.
Review • Journal
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
BRAF mutation