AFP elevation

The infant underwent radical left globe exenteration, left pterional craniotomy, and subtotal resection of the tumor. The histopathology and the elevated AFP biomarkers confirmed the diagnosis of the primary intracranial yolk sac tumor.

This study underscores the importance of genetic testing in A-T diagnosis and provides new insights into the genetic diversity of ATM-related diseases. Further research is needed to understand the broader implications of this mutation.

A predominantly solid testicular mass with a bright dot sign, thickened spermatic cord ipsilaterally, and elevated AFP levels should raise suspicion for YST.

Additionally, patients in the low-risk group exhibited improved response to TACE and sorafenib treatments compared to the high-risk group. In contrast, the high-risk group exhibited reduced sensitivity to immunotherapy and increased sensitivity to paclitaxel. In the in-house cohort, high-risk patients displayed higher rates of early recurrence, along with an increased frequency of elevated alpha-fetoprotein, microvascular invasion, and aggressive MRI features associated with HCC. This study has successfully developed a risk score based on MTM and VETC-related genes, providing a promising tool for prognosis prediction and personalized treatment strategies in HCC patients.

P3, N=537, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 --> Dec 2026

Hypertension increases the risk of HCC in patients with CHB-Cir, suggesting the importance of controlling hypertension in these patients.

The Brier score of the nomogram was 0.0002. A nomogram based on age, AFP levels, and ultrasound blood flow signals can effectively predict the probability of testicular yolk sac tumor preoperatively, aiding in clinical decision-making and patient counseling.

These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive pediatric surgical guidelines for HCC. We recommend LT over LR in pediatric cases. Extrahepatic disease post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains the only absolute contraindication.

Giant abdominal lymphangiomas in infants are extremely rare and close attention for complications is vital. Surgical intervention with complete resection is considered the optimal management.

The sacral approach for SCT excision was employed for the great majority of our patients, but due to the advanced age at diagnosis and locally advanced disease, morbidities occurred in about a third of the patients. Therefore, early detection prenatally and early referral to a pediatric surgical center should be achievable goals for physicians dealing with these patients.

Notably, the nTS can develop after repeated TACE procedures, significantly impacting patient survival and altering oncogenic microRNA expression patterns. These findings highlight the critical role of the nTS in guiding treatment decisions and prognostication in HCC management.

Surgical resection, in conjunction with chemotherapy, remains the cornerstone of management for this condition. The prognosis for most patients is favorable.

Histological evaluation should actively incorporate the search for a cholangiolar component in primary liver tumors to prevent misdiagnosis, as its presence indicates a poorer prognosis.

P3, N=537, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Phase classification: P2/3 --> P3

P3, N=348, Active, not recruiting, St. Olavs Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2035 --> May 2032 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2035 --> May 2027 | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

sPD-L1 levels were higher in patients with vascular invasion than those without vascular invasion at 3 and 7 days post-TACE, in the SD group compared to CR and PR groups at 3 and 7 days post-TACE, and in those with tumor > 5 cm compared to those with tumor < 5 cm at 3 and 7 days after TACE (all P < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between LDH expression and sPD-L1 levels, suggesting LDH as a potential biomarker for assessing immune status in HCC patients following TACE.

This report presents a detailed description of the findings, differential diagnosis, clinical course, chosen treatment, and prognosis. Also, a comprehensive literature review of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, focusing on their clinical presentation, laboratory findings, macroscopic and histopathological features, genetics, clinical management, prognostic factors and follow-up, is provided.

There was no significant difference in alpha-fetoprotein elevation ( p 0.08), average size ( p 0.35), multifocality ( p 0.38), and intralesional hemorrhage ( p 1) between hemangioma and hepatoblastoma. Conclusion  Centripetal filling on dynamic imaging and absence of washout are characteristic MRI features of hepatic hemangioma that can help to differentiate it from other lesions in early infancy.

In vitro assays demonstrated that ATP6V1E1 knockdown markedly inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells. The study underscores the significance of M2 macrophages and ATP6V1E1 in HCC, highlighting their potential as therapeutic and prognostic targets.

Female patients with biliary inflammatory diseases and higher CA199 levels had an increased risk of ICC, and patients with metabolic risk factors and elevated AFP levels were more likely to develop HCC. Additional research should be performed to verify this finding.

Lean patients with cirrhosis and HCC present with larger tumors and are more often outside Milan criteria, reflecting cancer related cachexia from delayed diagnosis. Access to care for hepatitis C virus therapy and liver transplantation confer a survival benefit, but not overweight or obese BMI classifications.

P3, N=236, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Tumor size ≥ 30 mm and satellite nodules seen on CEUS, DL radiomics reoccurrence score based on the frame of image with the maximum intensity of CEUS and an elevated alpha-fetoprotein level can predict ER of HCC.

Surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment for advanced HCC was associated with longer PFS. Patients exhibiting decreased AFP levels or maintaining AFP levels within the normal limit may be suitable candidates for surgical intervention after lenvatinib treatment for advanced HCC.

Treatment typically involves surgery and cisplatin-based chemotherapy...Little primary data supports, such a practice, however, and herein we present both our institutional experience with relapsed hepatoblastoma and a careful review of published literature on this topic. While serial AFP monitoring may suffice for most patients, certain clinical characteristics should give pause to the practitioner, when considering posttreatment monitoring with serum AFP alone.

IDF-DWI shows great potential in noninvasively, accurately, and preoperatively detecting MVI in HCC and may offer clinical benefits for prognostic prediction and determination of treatment strategy.

Systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy showed a temporary response, with decreased serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. We highlight this case of a prompt diagnosis by NGS of NUTC in a young individual with a rapidly progressing tumor.

Higher AFP (>400 ng/mL), relapse, abdominal ascites, and a higher cancer CLIP score were associated with poorer outcomes. Targeted screening and health education should be advocated; in addition, social determinants should be proactively addressed.

In selected cases, biopsy may not be indicated to start adjuvant chemotherapy. We emphasize the importance of specific treatment modality selection based mainly on tumor markers, regardless of the precise histologic classification.

HCC patients with C. sinensis infection exhibit a poor prognosis following hepatectomy. Moreover, C. sinensis infection promotes the acquisition of cancer stem cell-like characteristics, consequently accelerating the malignant progression of HCC.

Given the low incidence and poor prognosis of this type of tumour, it is essential to make a correct differential diagnosis and to initiate early surgical treatment in localised stages and systemic treatment in those where the disease is disseminated. In this context, we present the case of a GHA diagnosed this year in our centre.

P2/3, N=537, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

The modified LR-M criteria-based multi-parameter ICC scoring system had the highest specificity for diagnosing ICC and reduced the number of HCC cases diagnosed as LR-M category.

There was a non-significant improvement in polyprogression-free survival (polyPFS) (median 14.0 vs. 10.7 months, P=0.1) amongst oligoM1 patients who received MDT-All compared to those who did not. Receipt of MDT-All was associated with improved OS amongst patients with limited HCC disease recurrence following liver transplantation.

CEUS features are useful in preoperative and non-invasive differentiation of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.

This case suggests that multimodal therapy dominated by liver transplantation, including preoperative TACE, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and TRK inhibitors, is an effective treatment modality for unresectable primary hepatic YST.

P=N/A, N=110, Recruiting, Lawson Health Research Institute | Phase classification: P3 --> P=N/A

Age is an important prognostic factor for hepatoblastoma. Age ≥ 2 years at diagnosis may predict poor prognosis and more active treatment measures can be implemented.

The clinical-radiological model based on preoperative clinical data and imaging features showed a good predictive performance for MVI. *Clinical Relevance/Application: We hope to provide non-invasive imaging biomarkers for the prediction of MVI for hepatocellular carcinoma through the clinical-radiological model based on preoperative clinical data and imaging features.

Overall, due to the heterogeneity among individual patient data and lack of adequately controlled data, there are no conclusive statements that can be drawn that DAAs exposure is directly associated with HCC occurrence or recurrence. However, the best available data suggest a decreased risk of incident HCC with DAA therapy and no increased risk of recurrence with DAAs after complete tumor response.

• This study proposed a strategy of DWI-based habitat imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma. • The habitat imaging-derived metrics can serve as diagnostic markers for identifying the microvascular invasion. • Integrating the habitat-based metric and clinical variable, a predictive nomogram was constructed and displayed high accuracy for predicting microvascular invasion.