AFP elevation

This review outlined the multidimensional diagnostic hurdles in HAS and underscored the necessity of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach. Enhanced tissue sampling, combined immunohistochemical panels, and emerging molecular tools may collectively improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes for this aggressive gastric malignancy.

This study indicates that TA and SR offer similar therapeutic outcomes in early-stage HCC, with comparable survival outcomes for patients.

This case report details the presentation of a 30-year-old female patient with gastric adenocarcinoma that metastasized to the ovaries, characterized by a significant elevation in serum AFP levels. This case highlights the critical need to consider uncommon metastatic patterns and unusual tumor marker elevations during the comprehensive evaluation and management of gastric cancer patients.

Postoperatively, AFP normalized, and the patient has remained recurrence-free. This case highlights the potential role of desperation surgery in achieving long-term survival in selected patients with PMNSGCT, despite increased levels of tumor markers.

HMGA1 serves as a robust prognostic biomarker and functional driver of malignant progression in LIHC. Its integration into prognostic models may enhance risk stratification and guide personalized therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, further in-vivo validation and prospective clinical studies are required to establish its translational applicability.

Next gene sequencing detected TP53 c.919+3del splice site variant and KRAS N116H. It is important to consider HMs when extramediastinal lesions or thrombocytopenia appear in patients with MGCT.

Patients with FALD face a non-negligible risk of developing HCC, thus supporting the need for surveillance. Elevated AFP levels at the time of FALD diagnosis may aid in risk stratification, which enables the targeted monitoring and early detection of HCC. Furthermore, routine surveillance contributes to the excellent prognosis of patients with FALD who develop HCC, thus making their prognosis comparable to that of patients without HCC.

Childhood malignant ovarian tumors are predominantly germ cell tumors, manifesting as large, solid-predominant, calcified lesions with high-risk ultrasound features. Ultrasonic, clinical, and laboratory features vary significantly by pathological type. Integrating these characteristics (including O-RADS and tumor markers) enables preoperative pathological diagnosis, supporting early multi-dimensional and personalized management.

Aggressive surgery does not improve survival when tumor markers normalize. Diagnostic delays remain common, emphasizing the need for improved awareness and referral systems in China.

While CA19-9 alone demonstrated limited predictive value, its combination with AFP improved prognostic accuracy. The study concludes that elevated serum AFP independently predicts adverse survival and recurrence outcomes in HBV-ICC patients after curative resection, and combining AFP with CA19-9 enhances prognostic stratification, supporting AFP as a practical biomarker for postoperative risk assessment.

We emphasize the importance of integrating tumor marker levels with imaging and histopathology for a multimodal diagnostic approach. Further research is needed to validate these associations to better define the role of biomarkers in HCC management.

Mendelian randomization analyses further supported a protective effect of higher RDH16 expression against HCC risk. These findings identify RDH16 as an immune-modulating biomarker in HCC, highlighting its potential role in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment and suggesting new avenues for personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.