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CANCER:

Melanoma

Related cancers:
1d
Precision Oncology in Melanoma: Changing Practices. (PubMed, J Nucl Med)
Improvements in accompanying imaging modalities, particularly within the field of nuclear medicine, have allowed for more accurate staging of disease and assessment of treatment response. Continued growth in the role of nuclear medicine in the evaluation of melanoma, including the incorporation of artificial intelligence into image interpretation and use of radiolabeled tracers allowing for intricate imaging of the tumor immune microenvironment, is expected in the coming years.
Journal • IO biomarker
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LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
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BRAF mutation
1d
Journal
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IL17A (Interleukin 17A)
1d
Exploring the Interplay Between Radioimmunoconjugates and Fcγ Receptors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Cancer. (PubMed, ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci)
In contrast, C57BL/6 and FcγR-humanized C57BL/6 mice both have endogenous IgG that occupy their FcγR (murine for the former and human for the latter), precluding interactions with radioimmunoconjugates. Ultimately, these data suggest that understanding the interplay between radiolabeled antibodies and FcγR is critical during the preclinical evaluation of radioimmunoconjugates.
Preclinical • Journal
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FUT3 (Fucosyltransferase 3) • CA 19-9 (Cancer antigen 19-9)
1d
Harnessing Tumor Cell-Derived Exosomes for Immune Rejection Management in Corneal Transplantation. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh))
Proteomic analyses reveal differential expression of pivotal proteins in B16-Exo, notably the JAK2 protein within the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which has been mechanistically demonstrated to amplify the activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inhibit T cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate the significant immunomodulatory effect of B16-Exo in transplant immunology, supporting the continued exploration of tumor-derived exosomes as a platform to uncover novel immunosuppressive mechanisms in transplantation.
Journal • Tumor cell
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JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)
1d
Discovery of highly potent and ALK2/ALK1 selective kinase inhibitors using DNA-encoded chemistry technology. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A)
In cell-based studies, ALK2 inhibitors effectively attenuated activin A and BMP-induced Phosphorylated SMAD1/5 activation in fibroblasts from individuals with FOP in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, CDD-2789 is a valuable tool compound for further investigation of the biological functions of ALK2 and ALK1 and the therapeutic potential of specific inhibition of ALK2.
Journal
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SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4) • ALK1 (Activin A Receptor Like Type 1) • ACVR1 (Activin A Receptor Type 1) • ACVRL1 (Activin A Receptor Like Type 1)
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ACVR1 R206H
2d
Encapsulation of soybean lunasin and amaranth unsaponifiable matter in liposomes induces cell cycle arrest in an allograft melanoma mouse model. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
Therefore, melanoma tumor development was prevented by the overexpression of cell cycle inhibitors p16, p21, p27, and p53 due to UM + LunLip treatments. Since the topical application was effective, less invasive, and more practical for the user, this application will be recommended for future steps in in vivo studies.
Preclinical • Journal
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CCND1 (Cyclin D1) • CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6) • CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A)
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CCND1 expression • TP53 overexpression • CDKN1B expression
2d
Differences in the pathological, transcriptomic, and prognostic implications of lymphoid structures between primary and metastatic cutaneous melanomas. (PubMed, J Immunother Cancer)
Melanoma frequently contains LA, which tends to form in diverse locations in the tumor microenvironment in association with improved overall survival and tumor-free regional lymph node status in patients with primary disease.
Journal • Metastases
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CD20 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A1) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
2d
Giant Centella asiatica, a novel cultivar rich in madecassoside and asiaticoside, suppresses α‑melanocyte‑stimulating hormone‑induced melanogenesis through MC1R binding. (PubMed, Int J Mol Med)
Moreover, GCA reduced melanin production in a 3D human skin‑equivalent model, showing efficacy within a complex skin environment. These results demonstrated the superior effectiveness of GCA to that of CA for skin anti‑melanogenesis, indicating its potential as a promising natural material for targeting pigmentation disorders.
Journal
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MITF (Melanocyte Inducing Transcription Factor)
2d
A distinct immune landscape in anti-synthetase syndrome profiled by a single-cell genomic study. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
Immunophenotyping analysis of PBMCs from ASS patients revealed an increasing trend for the clone type CQQSYSTPWTF. Using single-cell genomic datasets of ASS PBMCs, we revealed a distinctive profile in the immune system of individuals with ASS, compared to that with MDA5+ DM or healthy controls.
Journal
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IFIH1 (Interferon Induced With Helicase C Domain 1)
2d
Cervicovaginal lavages uncover growth factors as key biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer. (PubMed, Mol Biomed)
Moreover, angiopoietin-2, FAP and VEGF-A significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) associated with tumor grade, size, myometrial invasion, and mismatch repair status. Our results highlight the innovative use of growth and angiogenic factors collected through CVL sampling for the detecting endometrial cancer, showcasing not only their diagnostic potential but also their prognostic value.
Journal
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ENG (Endoglin)
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VEGFA elevation
2d
The pan-cancer landscape of crosstalk between leukocyte transendothelial migration-related genes and tumor microenvironment relevant to prognosis and immunotherapy response. (PubMed, Transl Cancer Res)
Our results reveal that LTEMGs are closely associated with tumor microenvironment. Patients with high LTEMGs score might be resistant to immunotherapy.
Journal • IO biomarker • Pan tumor
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
2d
TPC1 regulates melanoma tumourigenesis via mTORC1 and TFEB. (PubMed, Heliyon)
Our results demonstrate that the knockout of TPC1 has induced significant tumour-suppressive effects in melanoma, during which the altered activity of mTORC1 and TFEB play the key roles. The results help us further understand the link between mTORC1 and endolysosomal ion channels, and reveal that TPC1 controls melanoma progression and represents a potential therapeutic target.
Journal
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MITF (Melanocyte Inducing Transcription Factor) • TFEB (Transcription Factor EB 2)
2d
Evaluation of efficacy, safety and underlying mechanism on Traditional Chinese medicine as synergistic agents for cancer immunotherapy: A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, J Ethnopharmacol)
TCM displayed a potential enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors on six types of tumor including colon, breast, colorectal, melanoma, and bladder cancer in animals. However, due to significant heterogeneity in the included studies, caution should be exercised regarding the results. More high-quality randomized controlled animal experiments are need.
Preclinical • Retrospective data • Review • Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
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PD-L1 expression • PD-1 expression
2d
Transcriptomic analysis of melanoma cells reveals an association of α-synuclein with regulation of the inflammatory response. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
These secreted proteins quite likely activate the immune response against SNCA-KO cells. We suggest that, conversely, high levels of α-syn expression in melanoma cells helps the cells evade the immune system by inhibiting the secretion of these immune activating factors.
Journal
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CXCL8 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8) • CXCL10 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10) • SAA1 (Serum Amyloid A1) • IGFBP5 (Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta) • SNCA (Synuclein Alpha)
2d
Role of Targeted Sequencing in Routine Diagnostics of Spitz Melanocytic Neoplasms-An Analysis of 70 Cases. (PubMed, J Cutan Pathol)
It is often not possible to reliably distinguish Spitz neoplasms from spitzoid melanocytic tumors without identifying their driver genomic alterations. Applying next-generation sequencing in diagnostically problematic tumors improves diagnostic accuracy.
Journal
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)
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BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • HRAS mutation • NRAS mutation + BRAF mutation
2d
Targeting TGFβ with chimeric switch receptor and secreted trap to improve T cells anti-tumor activity. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
Furthermore, CSRI and the anti-TGFβ trap exhibited improved anti-tumor function in vivo. Overall, we show that targeting the TGFβ pathway can enhance cellular immunotherapy.
Journal • IO biomarker
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TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1)
2d
Vagus nerve stimulation: Novel concept for the treatment of glioblastoma and solid cancers by cytokine (interleukin-6) reduction, attenuating the SASP, enhancing tumor immunity. (PubMed, Brain Behav Immun Health)
The current hypothesis reimagines glioma pathophysiology as a dysautonomia with the therapeutic objective to reset the autonomic nervous system and form an immune responsive state to halt tumor progression and prevent recurrence. VNS, as a novel method to control cancer, can be administered with ICIs, standard therapy, or in clinical trials, combined with emerging immunotherapy: dendritic cell, mRNA, or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell vaccines.
Review • Journal • IO biomarker
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IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
3d
The Role of Inflammasome-Associated Innate Immune Receptors in Cancer. (PubMed, Immune Netw)
Over the last decade, it has emerged that inflammasomes can coordinate contrasting pro- and anti-tumour responses in cancer and non-cancer (e.g. immune, stromal) cells. Considering the importance of inflammasomes to the net output of innate immune responses, here we provide an overview and discuss recent advancements on the diverse role of inflammasomes in cancer that have underpinned their potential targeting in diverse malignancies.
Review • Journal
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IL18 (Interleukin 18) • NLRC5 (NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 5) • AIM2 (Absent In Melanoma 2) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
3d
Diversity of the immune microenvironment and response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in mucosal melanoma. (PubMed, JCI Insight)
Our data show organ region-specific differences in immune infiltration and IFN-γ signature levels in MucM, with H&N MucM displaying the most favorable immune profile. Our study might offer a starting point for developing more personalized treatment strategies for this disease.
Journal • Checkpoint inhibition
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • TGFB1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1)
3d
Potent Amphiphilic Poly(Amino Acid) Nanoadjuvant Delivers Biomineralized Ovalbumin for Photothermal-Augmented Immunotherapy. (PubMed, ACS Nano)
OMPP-mediated therapy has been shown to provoke robust immune responses to suppress B16-OVA melanoma and prevent postsurgical tumor recurrence. This work presents a facile strategy for the fabrication of nanovaccines by integrating carrier and adjuvant while exploring the inherent properties to promote antigen release and modulate immunosuppression, which demonstrates great potential for effective cancer immunotherapy.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
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PD-L1 expression
3d
Peritumoral Venous Vessels: Autobahn and Portal for T cells to Melanoma Brain Metastasis. (PubMed, Cancer Res)
The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on PVVs was found to be important for T cell recruitment in pre-clinical models and associated with increased T cell infiltration in human brain metastatic lesions. This study highlights PVVs as key vascular entry points for T cells into brain metastases, laying the foundation for enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.
Journal • IO biomarker
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ICAM1 (Intercellular adhesion molecule 1) • TERC (Telomerase RNA Component)
3d
Effects of gut microbiota on immune checkpoint inhibitors in multi-cancer and as microbial biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response. (PubMed, Med)
This study identified trans-kingdom microbial signatures associated with ICI in multi-cancer and specific cancer types. Trans-kingdom microbial biomarkers are potential predictors of ICI response in patients with cancer.
Journal • Checkpoint inhibition • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8)
3d
Comparative efficacy of combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade vs. PD-1 monotherapy in metastatic melanoma: a real-world study. (PubMed, BJC Rep)
Our real-world data indicate that combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade is most beneficial for patients with multi-organ metastasis, while those with oligo-organ metastasis fare better with PD-1 monotherapy. The underlying reasons for these observations-whether they are due to differences in the characteristics of multi- and oligo-metastatic melanomas or the risk-benefit profile of the therapies-remain to be elucidated. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced approach to treatment regimens for stage IV melanoma patients.
Journal • Real-world evidence • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker • Real-world • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4)
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BRAF mutation
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab)
3d
Adjuvant Use of Pembrolizumab for Stage III Melanoma in a Real-World Setting in Europe. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
The results of this study offer insights into the real-world use of pembrolizumab as an adjuvant therapy for melanoma in Europe.
Journal • Real-world evidence • Real-world
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
3d
Leveraging Neural Crest-Derived Tumors to Identify NF1 Cancer Stem Cell Signatures. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
By focusing on the molecular and cellular dynamics within these tumors, we summarize CSC signatures in tumor maintenance, progression, and treatment resistance. A review of these signatures in the context of NF1 will provide insights into NF1 tumor biology and pave the way for developing targeted therapies and improving treatment outcomes for NF1 patients.
Review • Journal • Cancer stem
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NF1 (Neurofibromin 1)
3d
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protects Mucosal Melanoma from Ferroptosis via the KLF14-SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
Our findings not only establish EZH2 as a biomarker for MM prognosis but also highlight the EZH2-KLF14-SLC7A11 axis as a potential target for MM treatment.
Journal
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SLC7A11 (Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11) • KLF14 (KLF Transcription Factor 14)
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SLC7A11 expression
3d
GNAQ/GNA11-Related Benign and Malignant Entities-A Common Histoembriologic Origin or a Tissue-Dependent Coincidence. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
Moreover, we discuss the role of SOX10-positive perivascular cells that may be implicated in the complex pathophysiology of GNAQ/GNA11-related entities. Understanding the common molecular foundation of these conditions opens new ways for research and treatment opportunities, potentially leading to more effective, personalized therapeutic strategies.
Review • Journal
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GNAQ (G Protein Subunit Alpha Q) • GNA11 (G Protein Subunit Alpha 11) • SOX10 (SRY-Box 10)
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GNAQ mutation • GNA11 mutation • GNAQ mutation + GNA11 mutation
3d
The Prognostic Value of the 31-Gene Expression Profile Test in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
This meta-analysis supports the prognostic utility of the 31-GEP test in cutaneous melanoma prognostication. The test consistently stratified patients into clinically meaningful risk groups across multiple survival metrics. These findings support the potential clinical utility of the 31-GEP test in enhancing current staging systems and informing personalized management strategies for melanoma patients.
Retrospective data • Review • Journal • Gene Expression Profile
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DecisionDx®-Melanoma
3d
Journal • BRCA Biomarker
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BRCA (Breast cancer early onset)
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BRCA mutation
3d
Anti-MDA5 positivity: describing the frequency and spectrum of clinically evident MDA5 disease. (PubMed, Intern Med J)
Of these, 29% did not have features consistent with anti-MDA5 disease. However, when present, MDA5 disease is severe with a high mortality.
Journal
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IFIH1 (Interferon Induced With Helicase C Domain 1)
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tofacitinib
3d
New P2 trial • IO biomarker • Immune cell
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PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD20 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A1) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) • HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) • CD163 (CD163 Molecule) • IDO1 (Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1) • CD34 (CD34 molecule) • PTPRC (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C) • ICOS (Inducible T Cell Costimulator) • SOX10 (SRY-Box 10) • CD14 (CD14 Molecule) • CD27 (CD27 Molecule) • VIM (Vimentin) • CD68 (CD68 Molecule) • GZMB (Granzyme B) • HLA-E (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, E) • CD31 (Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) • FCGR3A (Fc Fragment Of IgG Receptor IIIa) • FOXP3 (Forkhead Box P3) • ENTPD1 (Ectonucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase 1) • ITGAX (Integrin Subunit Alpha X) • MITF (Melanocyte Inducing Transcription Factor) • PECAM1 (Platelet And Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1) • CD1C (CD1c Molecule) • TCF7 (Transcription Factor 7) • CD3E (CD3 Epsilon Subunit Of T-Cell Receptor Complex) • S100B (S100 Calcium Binding Protein B)
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celecoxib oral
3d
Study of Safety and Efficacy of DKY709 Alone or in Combination With PDR001 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors. (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=98, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Trial primary completion date: May 2025 --> Dec 2024
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
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spartalizumab (PDR001) • DKY709
3d
In Situ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy by Local Delivery of an mRNA Encoding Membrane-Anchored Anti-CD3 Single-Chain Variable Fragment. (PubMed, ACS Nano)
In addition, combinatorial treatment of MA-aCD3-encoding mRNA and antiprogrammed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies exhibited synergistic antitumor effects on anti-PD-1 refractory B16F10 tumors. Together, our findings suggest that in situ TIL therapy is a practical and effective mRNA-based therapeutic modality for the treatment of solid tumors.
Journal • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8)
3d
NCI-2013-02103: Testing the Addition of Navitoclax to the Combination of Dabrafenib and Trametinib in People Who Have BRAF Mutant Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=75, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • IO biomarker
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PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2)
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BRAF V600E • BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • PTEN mutation • BRAF V600K
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THXID® BRAF Kit • cobas® 4800 BRAF V600 Mutation Test
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Mekinist (trametinib) • Tafinlar (dabrafenib) • navitoclax (ABT 263) • omipalisib (GSK2126458)
3d
APiTOXMM: Impact of Physical Activity on Immunotherapy-induced Toxicities in Melanoma Management (clinicaltrials.gov)
P=N/A, N=160, Recruiting, University Hospital, Montpellier | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
Enrollment open
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab)
3d
KEYNOTE-E64: Phase 1a and Phase 2 Study for Safety, Preliminary Efficacy, PK and PD of ST-067 (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=316, Recruiting, Simcha IL-18, Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2024 --> Jun 2025
Enrollment open • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
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ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • MSI (Microsatellite instability)
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TMB-H • MSI-H/dMMR • ALK positive • ALK mutation
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Gazyva (obinutuzumab) • vevoctadekin (ST-067)
3d
Testing the PD-1 Antibody, MK3475, Given With Ziv-aflibercept in Patients With Advanced Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=78, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • HGF (Hepatocyte growth factor) • CTAG1B (Cancer/testis antigen 1B) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factor) • MLANA (Melan-A)
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Zaltrap (ziv-aflibercept IV)
3d
Homeostatic self-MHC-I recognition regulates anti-metastatic function of mature lung natural killer cells. (PubMed, Biochem Biophys Res Commun)
Mechanistically, the gene expression of activating receptors including DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1) was upregulated in NK cells treated with anti-MHC-I, and further the enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells was DNAM-1-dependent. Collectively, homeostatic self-MHC-I recognition regulates anti-metastatic function of mature lung NK cells by restraining the expression of activating receptors.
Journal • Metastases
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IFNG (Interferon, gamma)
3d
Exosomal lncRNA Mir100hg derived from cancer stem cells enhance glycolysis and promote metastasis of melanoma through miR-16-5p and miR-23a-3p. (PubMed, Exp Cell Res)
This mechanism sheds new light on the communication between heterogeneous cancer cell populations in melanoma. Importantly, it provides novel insights into the role of lncRNAs in cancer metastasis and highlights the significance of the tumor microenvironment in facilitating metastasis.
Journal • Cancer stem
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MIR16 (MicroRNA 16) • MIR23A (MicroRNA 23a)
3d
Trial completion date • Metastases
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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Imfinzi (durvalumab) • ceralasertib (AZD6738)
3d
A Phase 1 Study of Pegilodecakin (LY3500518) in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=353, Completed, Eli Lilly and Company | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
Trial completion • Metastases
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Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • cisplatin • carboplatin • gemcitabine • docetaxel • 5-fluorouracil • capecitabine • pazopanib • albumin-bound paclitaxel • oxaliplatin • leucovorin calcium • pegilodecakin (LY3500518)