Kaposi Sarcoma

P1, N=56, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting

Interestingly, to evade this host antiviral mechanism, KSHV RTA can promote PPP2R1A degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Taken together, we identified that the scaffold protein PPP2R1A is a new binding partner of RTA, and the interaction induces RTA dephosphorylation mediated by phosphatase PP2A, impairing KSHV lytic replication, which provide new insights into the development of novel antiviral strategies.

In this study, we developed a new mouse model to understand the B cell-intrinsic role of IL-17RA signaling in gammaherpesvirus infection. Previous studies have shown that IL-17RA signaling is proviral in the context of gammaherpesvirus infection, and this study found that while B cell-intrinsic IL-17RA signaling is not the sole factor behind the systemic proviral role of IL-17RA signaling, it plays an important role in the virus-driven germinal center response, the expansion of B-1 B cells, and the establishment of chronic gammaherpesvirus infection.

P2, N=26, Completed, AIDS Malignancy Consortium | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Apr 2025 | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Pre-treatment biomarker levels were associated with greater KS tumor burden but not with KS response to chemotherapy + ART in people with advanced AIDS-KS. Differential levels of several serum biomarkers were noted on treatment in progressors and non-progressors, suggesting that increased tumor burden was associated with higher levels of inflammation and immune activation.

This appearance likely reflects the tumor's vascular origin, producing bilateral, claw-shaped mucosal elevations due to submucosal vascular proliferation. Greater awareness of such presentations can facilitate timely diagnosis, multidisciplinary management, and improved outcomes in advanced HIV.

This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of KHE in adults and highlights the essential role of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and multidisciplinary evaluation. Prompt diagnosis and radical surgical management are critical to preventing complications and improving patient outcomes.

Furthermore, this review highlights emerging therapeutic opportunities, including targeting FSCN1 (Fascin Actin-bundling Protein 1, FSCN1) inhibition or using small-molecule inhibitors to disrupt oncovirus-mediated cytoskeletal changes and impede tumor progression. By bridging virology and cancer biology, this review provides novel insights for developing precision antimetastatic strategies and underscores the pivotal role of viral-cytoskeletal interplay in oncology.

Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitor cell isolation and characterization Basic Protocol 2: Human immune system reconstitution and characterization Basic Protocol 3: Recombinant EBV production and humanized mouse infection Basic Protocol 4: Viral load quantification, lymphoma assessment, and immunohistochemistry after EBV infection of humanized mice Basic Protocol 5: Human T-cell response analysis after EBV infection of humanized mice.

Since some HHVs manipulate HLA-E to evade immune recognition, individual variability in this axis may influence neurological outcomes. In this review, we summarize and discuss current knowledge of the role of HLA-E in herpesvirus-associated neurological diseases.

Our comprehensive profiling of ORF74 chemokine ligands reveals ligand-dependent activation of canonical signaling pathways, including calcium mobilization, β-arrestin recruitment and chemotaxis. We confirm that ORF74 exhibits constitutive β-arrestin recruitment and, upon co-expression with CXCR4, is able to modulate CXCL12-CXCR4-mediated cell migration. These data highlight the complex chemokine-ORF74 interplay and will contribute to a better understanding of KSHV infection and pathology through multiple ORF74-dependent mechanisms.

In PWH with CD4 ≥ 500/mm3 for at least 2 years and with recent viral load ≤50 copies/mL, risks of virus-related cancers (KS, NHL, HL, liver, and anal cancer) remained significantly higher relative to the general population, albeit to a lesser extent than in PWH overall, while risks of lung and cervical cancers were similar. Over 20 years, the incidence of all virus-related cancers continued to fall but in the most recent period, the risks still remained higher than in the general population.