^
    14d
    Exploring the mechanism of action of Modified Simiao Powder in the treatment of osteoarthritis: an in-silico study. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne))
    The therapeutic effect of MSMP likely attributed to the modulation of multiple pathways, including lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, by the active components such as berberine, kaempferol, luteolin, and quercetin. Especially, their actions on target genes like AR and AKT1 contribute to the therapeutic benefits of MSMP observed in the treatment of OA.
    Journal
    |
    AR (Androgen receptor) • MAPK1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) • CASP3 (Caspase 3)
    15d
    A LANA peptide inhibits tumor growth by inducing CHD4 protein cleavage and triggers cell death. (PubMed, Cell Chem Biol)
    Furthermore, the introduction of the peptide into the cancer cells induced caspase-mediated CHD4 cleavage, triggered cell death, and inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. The VGN73 may facilitate cell differentiation therapy.
    Journal
    |
    CHD4 (Chromodomain Helicase DNA Binding Protein 4)
    17d
    Engineered protein destabilization reverses intrinsic immune evasion for candidate vaccine pan-strain KSHV and SARS-CoV-2 antigens. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
    These mice developed robust T cell responses lasting at least 90 days post-injection that recognized native viral protein epitopes. Engineered vaccine candidate antigens can unmask virus-specific CTL responses that are typically suppressed during native viral infection.
    Journal
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8)
    19d
    Modulators of the Hop-HSP90 Protein-Protein Interaction Disrupt KSHV Lytic Replication. (PubMed, ACS Infect Dis)
    The inhibitory peptides selectively engaged the HopTPR2A domain in cell lysates and when tethered to a cell-penetrating peptide acted as noncytotoxic inhibitors of KSHV lytic replication by lowering the viral load, preventing the production of infectious virions, and reducing the expression of KSHV lytic genes. In addition to tentative evidence of Hop-HSP90 PPI as a much-needed target for KSHV drug discovery, this study represents an important step in understanding viral interactions with the host proteostasis machinery.
    Journal
    |
    HSP90AA1 (Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1)
    20d
    BiP/GRP78 is a pro-viral factor for diverse dsDNA viruses that promotes the survival and proliferation of cells upon KSHV infection. (PubMed, PLoS Pathog)
    Notably, inhibition of BiP limits the spread of other alpha- and beta-herpesviruses and poxviruses with minimal toxicity for normal cells. Our work suggests that BiP is a potential target for developing broad-spectrum antiviral therapies against double-stranded DNA viruses and a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in KSHV-related malignancies.
    Journal
    |
    HSPA5 (Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 5)
    22d
    Transcriptome analysis of the cytokine storm-related genes among the subtypes of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease. (PubMed, J Clin Exp Hematop)
    Particularly, upregulated IL33 expression was demonstrated for the first time in iMCD-TAFRO/NOS. Thus, inflammatory signaling, such as JAK-STAT and MAPK, may be enhanced in iMCD-TAFRO/NOS and may be a cytokine storm.
    Journal
    |
    JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) • CXCL10 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10) • JAK1 (Janus Kinase 1) • STAT3 (Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3) • CXCL9 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9) • CXCL13 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13) • MAPK1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) • VEGFC (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C) • IL17A (Interleukin 17A) • IL17RA (Interleukin 17 Receptor A) • PDGFA (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Subunit A) • PDGFB (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Subunit B) • STAT1 (Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 1) • STAT6 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) • IL18BP (Interleukin 18 Binding Protein) • IL1R1 (Interleukin 1 receptor, type I) • IL1RAP (Interleukin 1 Receptor Accessory Protein) • NFKBIA (NFKB Inhibitor Alpha 2) • STAT2 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2) • IL3 (Interleukin 3) • IL33 (Interleukin 33) • MAPK11 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 11) • MAPK12 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 12) • MAPK14 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14) • MAPK3 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3) • MAPK8 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8) • MAPK9 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9) • PDGFC (Platelet Derived Growth Factor C) • TNFAIP8 (TNF Alpha Induced Protein 8) • MAPK10 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10)
    25d
    Evaluation of efficacity and safety of pembrolizumab Evaluation de l'efficacité et la tolerence du Pembrolizumab (clinicaltrialsregister.eu)
    P2, N=17, ASSISTANCE PUBLIQUE - HOPITAUX DE PARIS (AP-HP)
    New P2 trial
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
    25d
    Insight into structural properties of viral G protein-coupled receptors and their role in the viral infection: IUPHAR Review 41. (PubMed, Br J Pharmacol)
    Open reading frame 74 (ORF74; Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) is compared to CXCRs, whereas BILF1 (Epstein-Barr virus) is discussed as a putative lipid receptor. Furthermore, the roles of vGPCRs in latency and lytic replication, reactivation, dissemination and immune evasion are reviewed, together with their potential as drug targets for virus infections and virus-related diseases.
    Review • Journal
    |
    CX3CR1 (C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1)
    1m
    On Vascular Lesions of the Thyroid Gland with Emphasis on Intrathyroidal Hemangioma: Clinicopathologic Characterization of Two Cases and Review of the Literature. (PubMed, Head Neck Pathol)
    Prognosis is favorable and surgical resection is considered curative. The occasionally alarming clinical presentation in conjunction with absence of pathognomonic imaging features and limited diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytopathology for such lesions renders surgical intervention necessary for definitive diagnosis of intrathyroidal hemangiomas and exclusion of other epithelial and non-epithelial pathologic entities.
    Review • Journal
    |
    CD34 (CD34 molecule) • NKX2-1 (NK2 Homeobox 1) • CD31 (Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) • PAX8 (Paired box 8) • PECAM1 (Platelet And Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1)
    1m
    Classic Kaposi sarcoma: Diagnostics, treatment modalities, and genetic implications - A review of the literature. (PubMed, Acta Oncol)
    While advancements in CKS treatment offer hope, further studies on immunotherapy are warranted to broaden the therapeutic options, such as anti-bromodomain or BPTF-targeted therapy.
    Review • Journal • IO biomarker
    |
    MDM2 (E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) • BPTF (Bromodomain PHD Finger Transcription Factor)
    |
    Verzenio (abemaciclib)
    1m
    Lactylation of RNA m6A demethylase ALKBH5 promotes innate immune response to DNA herpesviruses and mpox virus. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A)
    Our results identify a posttranslational modification of ALKBH5 and its role in regulating antiviral innate immune responses through m6A modification. The finding provides an understanding of innate immunity and offers a potential therapeutic target for HSV-1, KSHV, and MPXV infections.
    Journal
    |
    SIRT6 (Sirtuin 6) • ALKBH5 (AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase) • ESCO2 (Establishment Of Sister Chromatid Cohesion N-Acetyltransferase 2) • IFNB1 (Interferon Beta 1)
    1m
    Mapping herpesvirus-driven impacts on the cellular milieu and transcriptional profile of Kaposi sarcoma in patient-derived mouse models. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
    The reproducible expansion of KSHV-infected endothelial cells in PDX from multiple donors and recapitulation of a KS tumor gene signature supports the application of patient-derived KS mouse models for studies of pathogenesis and novel therapies. Tumor virus-driven expansion of endothelial cells with a transcriptional signature of Kaposi sarcoma in a large cohort of patient-derived xenografts provides a platform to discover cell communications within the tumor microenvironment.
    Preclinical • Journal
    |
    CXCR4 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4) • CXCL12 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12)
    1m
    Structural insights into KSHV-GPCR constitutive activation and CXCL1 chemokine recognition. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A)
    The dual activation mechanism employed by KSHV-GPCR represents an evolutionary adaptation for immune evasion and contributes to the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma. Together with results from functional assays that confirmed the structural models, these findings may help to develop therapeutic strategies for KSHV infection.
    Journal
    |
    CXCR2 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2) • CXCL1 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1)
    1m
    In vitro and in vivo evidence of the antineoplastic activity of quercetin against endothelial cells transformed by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus G protein-coupled receptor. (PubMed, Biochimie)
    Notably, neither kidney nor liver damage was observed, as indicated by biochemical parameters in serum. In conclusion, this study suggests for the first time that QUE exhibits antineoplastic activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of KS, marking a starting point for further investigations and protocols for therapeutic purpose.
    Preclinical • Journal
    |
    CASP3 (Caspase 3) • ANXA5 (Annexin A5)
    2ms
    Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network 12: Pembrolizumab in HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma. (PubMed, J Clin Oncol)
    Pembrolizumab yielded a high rate of durable responses in HIV-associated KS. imAEs were successfully managed with standard guidelines.
    Journal
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
    2ms
    Involvement of Sex Hormones and Their Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Classic Kaposi's Sarcoma in Xinjiang. (PubMed, Skin Res Technol)
    Sex hormones and their receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of CKS in Xinjiang. The use of ER antagonists may represent a novel avenue for research and treatment of CKS.
    Journal
    |
    ER (Estrogen receptor) • AR (Androgen receptor)
    |
    AR expression
    2ms
    KSHV ORF20 Promotes Coordinated Lytic Reactivation for Increased Infectious Particle Production. (PubMed, Viruses)
    Finally, expression of IL6 and CXCL8, previously shown to be affected by the hCMV UL24 homolog, was relatively low upon reactivation of cells infected with the ORF20-Null virus. These findings suggest that ORF20 protein, with its putative endonuclease motif, promotes coordinated lytic reactivation for increased infectious particle production.
    Journal
    |
    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CXCL8 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8)
    |
    CXCL8 expression • IL6 expression
    2ms
    Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With HIV Associated Relapsed or Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma or Solid Tumors That Are Metastatic or Cannot Be Removed by Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=95, Terminated, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Sep 2025 --> Aug 2024 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Inadequate accrual rate
    Trial completion date • Trial termination
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • ABP 206 (nivolumab biosimilar)
    2ms
    Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With HIV Associated Relapsed or Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma or Solid Tumors That Are Metastatic or Cannot Be Removed by Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=95, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Aug 2024 --> Sep 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2024 --> May 2024
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Surgery • Metastases
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • ABP 206 (nivolumab biosimilar)
    2ms
    Methylation of KSHV vCyclin by PRMT5 contributes to cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. (PubMed, PLoS Pathog)
    Remarkably, knockdown or pharmaceutical inhibition (using EPZ015666) of PRMT5 inhibited the cell cycle progression and cell proliferation of KSHV latently infected tumor cells...We also show that the methylation of vCyclin by PRMT5 positively regulates the phosphorylate retinoblastoma protein (pRB) pathway. Taken together, our findings reveal an important regulatory effect of PRMT5 on vCyclin that facilitates cell cycle progression and proliferation, which provides a potential therapeutic target for KSHV-associated malignancies.
    Journal
    |
    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6) • CCND2 (Cyclin D2) • PRMT5 (Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5)
    |
    EPZ015666
    2ms
    Survival Following Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma Among Adults in East Africa in the "Treat-All" Era. (PubMed, medRxiv)
    Among PLWH with newly diagnosed KS in East Africa in the "Treat All" era, survival was poor and related to mucocutaneous extent of KS. The findings emphasize the need for better control of KS in Africa, including novel approaches for earlier detection, better linkage to oncologic care, and more potent therapy.
    Journal
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    3ms
    A Viral-Encoded Homologue of IPS-1 Modulates Innate Immune Signaling During KSHV Lytic Replication. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
    Additionally, expression of v-IPS-1 leads to decreased antiviral responses indicating a blot to type I interferon induction during viral infection. Taken together, v-IPS-1 is the first described viral homologue of IPS-1 and this viral protein leads to reprogramming of innate immunity through modulation of type I interferon signaling during KSHV lytic replication.
    Journal
    |
    TLR3 (Toll Like Receptor 3)
    3ms
    The cellular paraspeckle component SFPQ associates with the viral processivity factor ORF59 during lytic replication of Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). (PubMed, Virus Res)
    Interestingly, when we tested other human herpesvirus processivity factors (EBV BMRF1, HSV-1 UL42, and HCMV UL44) by transfection of each expression plasmid followed by co-immunoprecipitation, we found a conserved association with SFPQ. These are limited studies that remain to be done in the context of infection but suggest a potential association of SFPQ with processivity factors across multiple herpesviruses.
    Journal
    |
    NEAT1 (Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1)
    3ms
    Phase II Study of Pacritinib in Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV)-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease and KSHV-Associated Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=65, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
    Enrollment open
    |
    CRP (C-reactive protein)
    |
    Vonjo (pacritinib)
    3ms
    LKB1 suppresses KSHV reactivation and promotes primary effusion lymphoma progression. (PubMed, J Virol)
    Compound C, a potent AMPK inhibitor, induced KSHV reactivation and efficiently inhibited PEL progression in vivo. Thus, our work revealed that LKB1 is a potential therapeutic target for KSHV-associated cancers.
    Journal
    |
    STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11)
    |
    dorsomorphin (Compound C)
    3ms
    ORF48 is required for optimal lytic replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. (PubMed, PLoS Pathog)
    However, the loss of ORF48 in our iSLK-based lytic system failed to induce IFNβ production, suggesting a redundant role of ORF48 on STING signaling during the KSHV lytic phase. Thus, ORF48 is required for optimal KSHV lytic replication through additional mechanisms that need to be further explored.
    Journal
    |
    IFNB1 (Interferon Beta 1)
    3ms
    Kaposi sarcoma and vertebral involvement in people with HIV: a case report and systematic literature review. (PubMed, HIV Res Clin Pract)
    Despite progresses in treatment, late presentation of KS, especially with spine involvement may have a poor prognosis. More efforts are needed to promote access to HIV testing, especially when indicating conditions are present.
    Review • Journal
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    3ms
    STARKAP: Preliminary Assessment of Safety and Tolerability of Dostarlimab in Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) Refractory HIV Associated Kaposi Sarcoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=20, Recruiting, Imperial College London | Trial completion date: Sep 2025 --> Apr 2026 | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 --> Apr 2026
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly)
    3ms
    Lobular Capillary Hemangioma: A Rare Bleeding Entity in the GI Tract (ACG 2024)
    Although only a handful cases of gastric PG have been reported in the literature, we believe the incidence is higher as they are frequently mistaken for hyperplastic polyps. Figure: Figure 1 & 2
    Cologuard®
    3ms
    Evaluation of PRAME immunohistochemistry in cutaneous vascular neoplasms reveals frequent expression in primary and post-irradiation cutaneous angiosarcomas. (PubMed, J Cutan Pathol)
    In this study, we have demonstrated frequent nuclear PRAME expression in cutaneous AS. PRAME immunohistochemistry may serve as a valuable additional marker in selected clinical settings.
    Journal
    |
    PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen In Melanoma)
    3ms
    Comparison of IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα levels between PLWHIV with and without Kaposi Sarcoma and healthy controls. (PubMed, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr)
    IL-6, IL-10, and TNF α levels were markedly higher in patients with DKS. IL-6 and IL-10 levels were higher in patients with unfavorable outcomes.
    Journal
    |
    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • IL10 (Interleukin 10)
    3ms
    Exploring the interplay between Kaposi's sarcoma and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case series and systematic review. (PubMed, J Med Virol)
    These observations suggest that patients with KS should be clinically monitored both during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nevertheless, prospective data should be collected to validate this hypothesis and enhance our understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the onset or progression of KS.
    Review • Journal
    |
    IL6 (Interleukin 6)
    3ms
    Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a Cross-Sectional Study. (PubMed, Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg)
    Males outnumbered females in terms of being affected by otorhinolaryngological manifestations. Allergic rhinitis and otitis externa were the commonest otorhinolaryngological manifestations and most of participants with otorhinolaryngological manifestations had viral load of greater than 100 copies and CD4 counts of less than 200cells/mm3.
    Observational data • Journal
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    3ms
    Testing the Addition of an Experimental Medication MK-3475 (Pembrolizumab) to Usual Anti-Retroviral Medications in Patients With HIV and Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=58, Completed, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Mar 2024
    Trial completion • Trial completion date
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • ROS1 (Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase ROS) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
    4ms
    Similar Viral and Immune Characteristics of Kaposi Sarcoma in ART-treated People Living With HIV and Older Patients With Classic Kaposi Sarcoma. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis)
    Higher anti-HHV-8 immunoglobulin G levels could be linked with lower circulating viral load. Such insights should help developing therapeutical strategies to prevent development and treat KS in PLWH on ART.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    4ms
    PAX5 functions as a tumor suppressor by RB-E2F-mediated cell cycle arrest in Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected primary effusion lymphoma. (PubMed, Neoplasia)
    Reduction of PAX5 has played a crucial role in the oncogenesis of PEL, and PAX5 is a tumor suppressor in PEL. Targeting PAX5 could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with PEL.
    Journal
    |
    PAX5 (Paired Box 5)
    4ms
    Differences in cancer rates among adults born between 1920 and 1990 in the USA: an analysis of population-based cancer registry data. (PubMed, Lancet Public Health)
    17 of 34 cancers had an increasing incidence in younger birth cohorts, including nine that previously had declining incidence in older birth cohorts. These findings add to growing evidence of increased cancer risk in younger generations, highlighting the need to identify and tackle underlying risk factors.
    Journal
    |
    ER (Estrogen receptor)
    4ms
    People living with HIV co-infected with the Kaposi Sarcoma-associated Herpes Virus have a distinct HIV Tat profile and higher rates of antiretroviral virologic failure, more evident among those with Kaposi's sarcoma. (PubMed, J Med Virol)
    The mean CD4+ T cell counts were higher in the negative control group, followed by the positive control group, and followed by the case group. These results emphasize the negative influence of KSHV in antiretroviral treatment, as well as the HIV-specific TAT profile among PLHIV who developed KS.
    Journal
    |
    CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
    4ms
    Combined Flow-Fluorescence in situ hybridization to HHV-8 and EBV reveals the viral heterogeneity of primary effusion lymphoma. (PubMed, J Med Virol)
    Moreover, infected cells exhibited variable expressions of CD19, CD38, CD40, and CD138. Therefore, FlowFISH is a promising tool to diagnose and characterize complex viral lymphoproliferations.
    Journal • IO biomarker
    |
    CD19 (CD19 Molecule) • CD38 (CD38 Molecule) • SDC1 (Syndecan 1) • CD40 (CD40 Molecule)
    4ms
    TRPS1 Expression Is Frequently Seen in a Subset of Cutaneous Mesenchymal Neoplasms and Tumors of Uncertain Differentiation: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall. (PubMed, Dermatopathology (Basel))
    However, no significant difference was found compared to SSCCs, suggesting limited discriminatory power of TRPS1 in this context. This study sheds light on TRPS1 expression patterns in a subset of CMNTUDs, extending beyond prior studies primarily focused on epithelial tumors, while underscoring potential pitfalls associated with TRPS1 immunohistochemistry.
    Journal
    |
    TRPS1 (Transcriptional Repressor GATA Binding 1)
    4ms
    Doxil/Caelyx BE Study (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=36, Completed, Baxter Healthcare Corporation | Not yet recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion • Metastases
    |
    pegylated liposomal doxorubicin
    4ms
    A Study of MQ710 With and Without Pembrolizumab in People With Solid Tumor Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=5, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=56 --> 5
    Enrollment closed • Enrollment change • Combination therapy • Checkpoint inhibition
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • MQ710