Cutaneous Melanoma

P2, N=50, Not yet recruiting, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

This study provides insights into vascular-stromal features associated with immunotherapy resistance in AM, highlighting RGS5+/COL3A1+ pericytes and the NECTIN2-TIGIT axis as targets, and guides development of effective combination immunotherapies for AM.

However, the sample size is relatively small and needs to be increased for further research. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03986515, identifier NCT03986515.

P1, N=5, Active, not recruiting, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Sep 2026

Treatment with nivolumab achieved a sustained radiological and biochemical response over four years...At 48 months after initiation of immunotherapy and 12 months after surgery, the patient remains alive and disease-free. This case supports the integration of immunotherapy and surgery in selected patients with metastatic melanoma to the liver and highlights the importance of multidisciplinary management.

P2, N=64, Completed, Mayo Clinic | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

P2, N=48, Not yet recruiting, Primmune Therapeutics, Inc.

The absence of a primary melanoma on whole-body 18 F-FDG PET/CT and clinical examination was the decisive factor favoring CCS over melanoma of unknown primary. This case underscores the limitations of MRI, which often describes CCS as a well-defined, benign-appearing mass, potentially delaying accurate diagnosis.

The TME profoundly modulates tumor behavior and therapeutic response. A deeper understanding of the reciprocal interactions between melanoma cells and their microenvironmental components may enable the development of more effective strategies for early detection, prognosis, and personalized therapies.

Notably, patients harboring KIT mutations showed a trend toward shorter disease-free survival, suggesting a potential prognostic role that warrants further investigation. These findings provide initial genomic understanding of Thai melanoma and highlight candidate actionable mutations for future precision oncology research.

In vitro, ALB overexpression was associated with increased mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-17A, and RORγt. Tumor-associated ALB expression is associated with adverse prognosis and immune-related transcriptional features in melanoma, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and marker of transcriptomic heterogeneity.

P=N/A, N=36, Suspended, University of California, Davis | Recruiting --> Suspended