Yervoy (ipilimumab)

P3, N=339, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2026

P1, N=27, Completed, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=40 --> 27 | Trial completion date: Aug 2026 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Dec 2025

P2, N=494, Not yet recruiting, Melanoma Institute Australia | Trial completion date: Sep 2037 --> Jan 2038 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2027 --> Mar 2028

Given the tumour's unresectable nature due to proximity to critical mediastinal structures and the patient's comorbidities, she was initiated on a modified combination immune checkpoint inhibitor regimen with nivolumab and ipilimumab. This case highlights the importance of a meticulous diagnostic approach to solitary pulmonary lesions and underscores the evolving role of immunotherapy in managing rare malignancies such as PMML. Reporting such cases enhances the clinical understanding and guides future management of this rare disease.

P2, N=169, Completed, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2025

In terms of OS, pembrolizumab + chemotherapy + canakinumab (Pembro-chemo-canakinumab) (SUCRA =0.90) showed great potential in improving outcomes, although its long-term efficacy still needed to be validated...For squamous patients, nivolumab + ipilimumab ± chemotherapy (Nivo-ipi-chemo) led in OS, while serplulimab + chemotherapy in PFS. First-line personalized treatment for PD-L1 <1%, advanced NSCLC should be histology-based, balancing efficacy and toxicity. Pembro-chemo and nivolumab + chemotherapy + bevacizumab combinations are recommended as the optimal first-line options for non-squamous patients, and Nivo-ipi-chemo for squamous patients.

In the randomized SCANDIUM II trial, patients with metastatic UM received a one-time treatment with isolated hepatic perfusion using high-dose melphalan in combination with systemic immune checkpoint inhibition with ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) and nivolumab (1 mg/kg). Patients with undetectable ctDNA 2-4 months after the start of treatment had significantly improved progression-free survival (P = 0.024), and a non-significant improvement in overall survival. In patients with UM liver metastases treated with combined hepatic perfusion and immune checkpoint inhibition, ctDNA may serve as a predictive biomarker and warrants further validation.

Patients with NSCLC and low TPS/high IC scores may benefit more from Nivo+Ipi than from Pembro due to distinct genomic and immunological features, including high TMB and Treg fraction.

This is the first published case suggesting a potential role for leukotriene receptor antagonists in CYSLTR2-mutant UM. These findings support further preclinical and clinical investigation of montelukast as a repurposed therapy in this challenging disease entity.

This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Nivolumab/Ipilimumab plus Cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK) cells in ovarian carcinoma models. Concurrently, it induced substantial apoptosis in A2780 cells (3.2-fold increase, 22.8% vs 7.1% control), triggered pronounced G0/G1 phase arrest in SKOV3 (55% vs 40% control) with concomitant S-phase depletion, and inhibited wound closure capacity by 64.7% in combinatorial treatment groups. The triple-combination therapy synergistically enhances antitumor efficacy through potent G1/S checkpoint blockade, selective cytotoxicity against ICI-resistant populations, and migration-inhibitory activity, thus establishing CIK-ICI coadministration as a clinically translatable strategy for advanced ovarian malignancies.

P1/2, N=46, Active, not recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Sep 2025

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition demonstrates high pathological and clinical response rates in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer, with organ preservation achievable in selected rectal cancer patients. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy may become an alternative to surgery as the primary treatment for MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer if long-term quality of life is superior and toxicity and cost are competitive with standard surgical approaches. However, longer follow-up, predictive biomarkers, and randomized comparisons with upfront surgery are required before its routine clinical use.