VEGF-B: A multifaceted modulator with emerging therapeutic applications. (PubMed, Pharmacol Res)
However, clinical translation remains challenging, as exemplified by the recent failure of the anti-VEGF-B antibody CSL346 in diabetic kidney disease, underscoring our incomplete understanding of VEGF-B biology. This review integrates cutting-edge insights into the diverse functions of VEGF-B, proposes a mechanistic framework for its complex signaling networks, and outlines a roadmap for developing precision therapies for metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and oncological diseases. We address the critical translational challenges to maximize the therapeutic benefits while preserving the crucial homeostatic functions of VEGF-B.