NKX2-1 (NK2 Homeobox 1)

Ultimately, the patient was diagnosed with fluid overload-associated large B-cell lymphoma and treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, and prednisone, but passed away three months after diagnosis. It may be mistaken for other conditions such as primary effusion lymphoma or other diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. The presence of a Human Herpesvirus-8-negative effusion-based lymphoma in an elderly immunocompetent patient without nodal or tissue involvement should prompt consideration of fluid overload-associated large B-cell lymphoma.

In conclusion, the different prognosis of ER-positive vs ER-negative NSMP endometrial carcinoma is not attributable to ER status itself, but rather to its strong correlation with histotype and other clinicopathological risk factors. Limited specificity of GATA3, TTF1 and KRAS warrant caution in their use as diagnostic markers of mesonephric-like carcinoma.

A two-marker panel consisting of TTF-1 and p40 antibodies on direct smears serves as a valuable tool in distinguishing ADC from SCC, thus overcoming the morphologic pitfalls of cytomorphology. Cytologic smears can be conveniently used for ICC, thus negating the need for immunohistochemistry and serving as a measure to conserve tissue for molecular testing.

Therefore, a high index of clinical suspicion is essential to avoid diagnostic delays. Early diagnosis and prompt management are critical, and treatment should be based on a multidisciplinary and individualized approach to optimize oncological outcomes while preserving laryngeal function and the patient's quality of life.

Strong positive nuclear labelling for thyroid transcription factor-1 of the pulmonary neoplasm and neoplastic cells within the small intestinal lymphatics of the original biopsy were consistent with disseminated primary pulmonary carcinoma (PPC). This is the first report describing disseminated PPC presenting primarily with gastrointestinal signs.

TTF-1 negativity identifies a subset of LUAD with worse outcomes to immunotherapy, chemo-immunotherapy, and KRASG12C inhibitors.

These findings underscore the histopathological and genetic characteristics of BA and its variants, suggesting that monolayered BA-like lesions have the potential to develop into lung adenocarcinoma. In the future, more cases should be recruited to further explore the malignant transformation of this specific entity via the multidimensional spectrum.

Notably, SYNE1, TMEM132C, and TNN were identified as characteristic mutations, defining a distinct mutational profile that sets this rare subtype apart from both SCC and ADC. Our findings highlight that NSCLC with diffuse co-expression of TTF-1 and p40 probably constitutes a distinct clinicopathological subtype with rapid clinical progression and poor prognosis, defined by unique morphological characteristics, a biphenotypic immunoprofile, and specific molecular alterations.

mCryo enables simultaneous evaluation of multiple markers per slide on routinely prepared cytospins, offering potential diagnostic advantages for paucicellular samples. However, further method and panel improvement, and validation are essential for accurate diagnostic implementation into routine practice.

The tumor cells additionally exhibited immunoreactivity for TTF-1 (also known as NKX2.1), which has been reported to be expressed in GABAergic precursor cells in the medial ganglionic eminence. This example may provide at least a small insight into embryonic origins of supratentorial AT/RT.

This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by TTF-1-positive gastric tumors, which may be mistaken for metastatic lesions from lung cancer. As TTF-1 expression is not entirely specific to tissues of lung or thyroid origin, diagnosis should be based on a comprehensive evaluation of morphological and immunohistochemical findings, together with clinical information, including treatment response and disease course.

Treatment with enzalutamide, an antiandrogen, substantially inhibited patient-derived xenografts growth and demonstrated additive antitumor effects when combined with chemotherapy in AR-positive models...AR expression correlated with poorer overall survival, with statistical significance noted in the full cohort and particularly in male patients. This study suggests that AR may promote metastatic NPC progression via the TTF-1/EGFR signaling pathway and interact with EBV to influence disease behavior, especially in males.