Thymus Cancer

P2, N=9, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=44 --> 9 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Jul 2026

P1, N=26, Active, not recruiting, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Jun 2025

P=N/A, N=202, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

We encountered a rare case of non-mucinous enteric-type thymic adenocarcinoma harboring a pathogenic TP53 mutation. Further studies are required to enunciate the features of this subtype of thymic carcinoma.

P=N/A, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University People's Hospital

P2, N=20, Completed, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University

P2, N=33, Recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

The identification of sex-associated and race-associated mutational patterns, together with the enrichment of MTOR alterations in recurrent and metastatic disease, highlights biologically plausible mechanisms of progression and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. These findings support the value of comprehensive genomic profiling in TC and emphasize the need for prospective, multi-omic studies to validate these observations and guide the development of more personalized treatment strategies.

Accurate recognition required integration of histopathology, immunofluorescence, and serological testing, achieved through multidisciplinary collaboration across thoracic surgery, neurology, dermatology, and pathology. Clinicians should remain vigilant for such complex presentations, as early diagnosis and coordinated management are essential to improving outcomes in rare autoimmune-associated CD.

We herein present a case of 67-year-old man with advanced thymic carcinoma who was treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel as first-line therapy. Furthermore, the presence of oncogenic mutations in lenvatinib-targeted genes may serve as predictive biomarkers for durable disease control. Given the limited availability of methods to detect oncogenic mutations, including FGFR3, in patients with thymic carcinoma, early implementation of CGP testing-even in the frontline setting-may be warranted in the future.

Moreover, the "original-shape-flatness" and "wavelet-LHL-first-order-Median" were the most strongly correlated with CD117 and TDT expression, and the combined model of the two demonstrated predictive efficacy for CD117/TDT expression and risk groups in training and validation cohorts. This study highlights that radiomics and biomarker-associated features can serve as a non-invasive predictive biomarker for TET patients.

Four patients remained alive and well at 18 months postoperatively while 3 patients were lost to follow-up. The current cases represent a previously undescribed variant of spindle cell thymoma that may pose diagnostic challenges and give rise to a wide differential diagnosis.