Thymus Cancer

P=N/A, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University People's Hospital

P2, N=33, Recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

P2, N=20, Completed, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University

The identification of sex-associated and race-associated mutational patterns, together with the enrichment of MTOR alterations in recurrent and metastatic disease, highlights biologically plausible mechanisms of progression and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. These findings support the value of comprehensive genomic profiling in TC and emphasize the need for prospective, multi-omic studies to validate these observations and guide the development of more personalized treatment strategies.

Accurate recognition required integration of histopathology, immunofluorescence, and serological testing, achieved through multidisciplinary collaboration across thoracic surgery, neurology, dermatology, and pathology. Clinicians should remain vigilant for such complex presentations, as early diagnosis and coordinated management are essential to improving outcomes in rare autoimmune-associated CD.

We herein present a case of 67-year-old man with advanced thymic carcinoma who was treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel as first-line therapy. Furthermore, the presence of oncogenic mutations in lenvatinib-targeted genes may serve as predictive biomarkers for durable disease control. Given the limited availability of methods to detect oncogenic mutations, including FGFR3, in patients with thymic carcinoma, early implementation of CGP testing-even in the frontline setting-may be warranted in the future.

Moreover, the "original-shape-flatness" and "wavelet-LHL-first-order-Median" were the most strongly correlated with CD117 and TDT expression, and the combined model of the two demonstrated predictive efficacy for CD117/TDT expression and risk groups in training and validation cohorts. This study highlights that radiomics and biomarker-associated features can serve as a non-invasive predictive biomarker for TET patients.

Four patients remained alive and well at 18 months postoperatively while 3 patients were lost to follow-up. The current cases represent a previously undescribed variant of spindle cell thymoma that may pose diagnostic challenges and give rise to a wide differential diagnosis.

Thymoma-associated multilineage cytopenias are heterogeneous, frequently relapsing, and driven by complex T-cell-mediated immune dysregulation. Comprehensive evaluation and individualized immunosuppressive therapy are essential for management.

P2, N=38, Not yet recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University

We previously found an increase of serum biomarkers of inflammation in 25 of 44 (56,8%) TET patients after the second dose (T2) of mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 from Pfizer-BioNTech), although none developed immune-related complications at this time point...These findings suggested that the COVID-19 vaccine-related inflammation induces the HDL remodeling with a reduction of anti-inflammatory small HDL class. Further studies need to clarify why the vaccine causes inflammation in about 50% of TET patients and whether such response is peculiar to COVID-19 vaccine or if it would be induced also by other mRNA vaccines.

Our findings reveal a disease-defining autoantibody repertoire in paraneoplastic pemphigus that corresponds with clinical manifestations and holds high potential for early cancer detection in patients with blistering disease.