Thymus Cancer

P2, N=21, Completed, SWOG Cancer Research Network | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=66 --> 21 | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 --> Mar 2025

The addition of Wnt activator LiCl reversed the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and the expression of Cyclin D1 and MGMT induced by TQ. For the first time, our findings indicate that TQ can considerably increase the sensitivity of glioblastoma to TMZ by interfering Wnt/β-catenin pathway to downregulate MGMT expression.

This paper conducts a systematic review of the literature to enhance understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this condition. The goal was to raise clinical awareness and guide appropriate treatment strategies.

Additionally, ETs were more frequently found in the cervical region than in the mediastinum (75.0% vs. 60.8%, P = 0.0012), and in patients aged 40 years or younger compared to those older than 40 years (73.0% vs. 60.6%, P = 0.0027). Flow cytometry is a viable alternative for ET detection, providing a novel distribution map that enhances surgical decision-making in MG treatment.

Thymoma-PRCA is associated with excessive CD8 + T-cell activation and an inflammatory bone marrow environment, leading to impaired erythropoiesis. These findings provide novel insights into the immune dysregulation underlying thymoma-associated PRCA and may help identify potential therapeutic targets.

Our findings expand the understanding of TET biology and emphasize the role of precision oncology in informing treatment decisions and improving outcomes for patients with advanced TETs, particularly in TCs.

Immunosuppressive therapy (IST), including Corticosteroids (CS), Cyclosporine (CsA), and cyclophosphamide (CYC), is the primary treatment. IST demonstrates overall efficacy in aPRCA, with variations influenced by etiology, drug combinations, and genetic mutations such as STAT3. These findings highlight the need for personalized treatment strategies and further research to validate and optimize IST efficacy.

She received triple therapy comprising prednisolone, tacrolimus and azathioprine...In March 2022, first-line treatment with four cycles of carboplatin (area under the curve, 6) + paclitaxel (200 mg/m2) was initiated...Lenvatinib (14 mg) was continued until PD was observed in March 2023. Our findings suggest that lenvatinib is a viable treatment option for thymic carcinoma with ILD.

The cross-reactive protein LIM-domain-only protein 5 (LMO5) identified in the patient's thymoma, prompted the activation of the specific CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, in vitro analysis revealed the involvement of the JAK-STAT pathway in LMO5-induced CD8+T cell activation, a process effectively suppressed by tofacitinib, which improved the patient's clinical outcome.

Nanotechnology approaches bypass these limitations. In this review article, we outline the different cellular and molecular pathways influenced by thymoquinone and its nanoformulations in GI cancer.

P2, N=30, Recruiting, Dwight Owen | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Apr 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Apr 2025

P1, N=180, Recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Sep 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2026 --> Sep 2027

Molecular docking analysis of the top five pivotal targets with the core active ingredients demonstrated suitable binding interactions at the active site of target proteins. The significant reduction of nitric oxide (NO) levels in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells validated the anti-inflammation activity of WTD.

The study highlights that MG patients with myocarditis face a significantly increased risk of mortality. Thymoma and a history of MC were identified as potential risk factors for mortality, irrespective of prior ICI use.

Here we describe the first report of a patient with KIT-mutated TC who received the anti-PD1 agent pembrolizumab, which caused a sustained partial response. This case report of a sustained partial response achieved with pembrolizumab in a patient with KIT-mutated TC after progression to chemotherapy and imatinib may be supportive during clinical decision making for this extremely rare disease.

DNA methylation status plays a role in diagnosis, predicting tumor recurrence and prognosis. Combining the WHO grading and molecular biomarkers may lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy for meningioma.

The preliminary study indicates the diagnostic utility of 68Ga-pentixafor in thymomas and the differential diagnostic ability of 68Ga-pentixafor in thymomas, thymic cysts and other benign anterior mediastinal masses.

In patients with advanced thymic carcinoma who had failed prior systemic therapy, atezolizumab was well-tolerated with a manageable toxicity profile and showed encouraging the antitumor activity, especially in patients with PD-L1-positive tumors.

P2, N=20, Not yet recruiting, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University

Overall, cluster 2 features were less favorable to patients. This study provides valuable insights into the clinical and autoantibody profiles of Chinese MG patients.

TAI is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The syndrome leads to a plethora of opportunistic infections, autoimmune complications and malignancy.

5-FU dose individualization based on thymine concentrations could be a promising addition to DPYD genotyping to predict 5-FU-induced toxicity. Larger prospective trials are needed to examine thymine as predictor for toxicity in daily practice.

The patient's symptoms and lung imaging findings significantly improved after the initiation of low-dose oral azithromycin for DPB and low-dose glucocorticoid therapy for radiation pneumonitis...Both thymectomy and radiation therapy can contribute to the development of DPB. Early treatment with macrolides can improve patient prognosis.

RNA sequencing revealed that CD161neg T cells lacked the genes characteristic of mature MAIT cells including CCR6, CXCR6, ZBTB16, and IL18RAP, but expressed cytotoxic T cell-related genes GZMH and IFNG. This study shed new light on the heterogeneity and complexity of CD8αα+ T cells in MG patients with thymoma.

Neutralizing anti-interferon (IFN)-α autoantibodies can lead to immune dysregulation, potentially resulting in critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We report a case presenting with severe COVID-19 who was subsequently diagnosed to have thymoma and neutralizing anti-IFN-α autoantibodies.

This study demonstrates that the canonical enhancer function of coreNCE/E4m is essential for CD4 upregulation following positive selection. The NCE region, with its developmental-stage-specific activity and its known epigenetic regulatory capabilities, ensures faithful lineage commitment to the CD4 lineage.

P1, N=37, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2027

For instance, higher activation of the p38β and p38γ pathways was linked to positive responses to taxane and anthracycline therapies in breast cancer, while lower activation of the p38α and p38β pathways correlated with better responses to 5-fluorouracil-based treatments in colorectal cancer. However, associations with individual MAPK14, MAPK11, MAPK12, and MAPK13 gene expression levels were less robust. Hence, the p38 pathway activation levels could serve as potential biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and personalizing treatment strategies, including use of the selective p38 MAPK inhibitors.

BTC is an extremely rare tumor that usually presents as a localized disease. Patients diagnosed with stage I-III disease can achieve long-term DFS, and efforts should be made to perform radical surgical resection combined with perioperative treatment whenever appropriate. Patients with advanced disease progression have a poor prognosis despite a high response rate to systemic treatments.

Genes related with TK1 or TK2 were involved in pathways related to DNA replication, proteasome, and homologous recombination. Clinically, these findings suggest that the differential expression of TK1 and TK2 could serve as potential biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for personalized treatment strategies in CESC patients.

P2, N=154, Not yet recruiting, Hospices Civils de Lyon

P=N/A, N=84, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University

P=N/A, N=80, DepartmeWest China Hospital of Sichuan University; West China Hospital of Sichuan University

P=N/A, N=2000, Recruiting, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; West China Hospital, Sichuan University

P2, N=20, Recruiting, Shanghai Chest Hospital; Shanghai Chest Hospital

P2, N=20, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University People's Hospital

P2, N=20, China Medical University Affiliated Shengjing Hospital; Shengjing Hospital of China Mdical University

P=N/A, N=10000, Not yet recruiting, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre

P=N/A, N=310, Completed, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital | Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Oct 2024

P1, N=82, Recruiting, VM Oncology, LLC | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jul 2026

P1, N=115, Terminated, SOTIO Biotech AG | N=200 --> 115 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Aug 2024; Due to lack of efficacy shown at the time of the interim analysis.

P2, N=18, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025