In conclusion, ABCB1 expression in macrophages differs by the cell model (THP-1 cell line vs. primary PBMC) and the polarization phenotype (M1 vs. M2). Strong rifampicin-mediated enhancements of ABCB1 were only observed in THP-1-derived M1 and M2 cells.

P3, N=674, Active, not recruiting, Queen Mary University of London | Trial completion date: Sep 2027 --> Aug 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2026 --> Aug 2026

P1/2, N=37, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=120 --> 37 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Dec 2025

P2, N=50, Not yet recruiting, Jazz Pharmaceuticals

P3, N=674, Active, not recruiting, Queen Mary University of London | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=1266 --> 674 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Feb 2026

Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ONC disrupts redox homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and survival signaling in melanoma cells, exerting particularly potent effects in BRAF inhibitor-resistant populations. This study provides mechanistic insight into the anti-melanoma activity of ONC and supports its potential therapeutic application in drug-resistant melanoma.

P=N/A, N=60, Enrolling by invitation, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: SR12813 activates both pregnane X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, demonstrating dual nuclear receptor modulation in colon cancer cells. By linking xenobiotic metabolism with lipid and mitochondrial pathways, this work uncovers previously unreported receptor crosstalk and provides a mechanistic framework for how diverse ligands can differentially shape transcriptional programs relevant to drug metabolism and tumor biology.

Leveraging this biomimetic platform, we conducted high-throughput drug screening and identified lurbinectedin as a potent therapeutic candidate for TETs...Integrating RNAseq data with TCGA survival analysis further identified PBX3, REPS2, and CXCR4 as potential efficacy-predictive biomarkers. This study establishes a translational framework linking 3D bioprinted TET models with biomarker discovery, offering a standardized platform for precision drug screening and mechanistic exploration in thymic epithelial tumors.

P1/2, N=63, Recruiting, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Jul 2027

P2/3, N=422, Not yet recruiting, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Nantes

P4, N=75, Recruiting, Fundacion Para La Investigacion Biomedica Del Hospital Universitario La Paz