The revised International Prognostic Score of Thrombosis for Essential Thrombocythemia should be calculated to stratify thrombosis risk and guide management, including when to use low-dose aspirin and cytoreductive therapy. Hydroxyurea is the first-line agent in cytoreductive therapy. No treatments have been shown to increase survival or prevent progression to myelofibrosis or leukemia in patients with essential thrombocythemia.

Our study demonstrates that combined inhibition of ATR and RNR was effective in osteosarcoma cells. These in vitro findings offer support for investigating in vivo the potential of a combination of ATR and RNR inhibitors as a new treatment strategy for osteosarcoma.

NOS2 and NOS3 act as complementary mediators of proliferation and apoptosis, with NOS3 playing a distinct role in HU-induced proliferation arrest in erythroid cells. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of NOS targeting to enhance the efficacy of HU and overcome resistance in hematologic malignancies.

P1, N=31, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

P4, N=96, Completed, Ayesha Khan | Recruiting --> Completed | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2025 --> Feb 2026

PPV was high for core diagnostic, treatment and comorbidity variables: ET (0.91), PV (0.95) and PMF (0.97), date of diagnosis (0.97), splenomegaly (0.98), JAK2V617F (0.97), CALR (0.92), hypertension (0.93), hyperlipidemia (0.90), diabetes (0.97), and common treatments (phlebotomy, hydroxyurea, interferon, ruxolitinib ≥.93). The DMR demonstrates high validity for several clinically relevant variables and constitutes a reliable source of real-world data in MPN research and therefore, crosslinking registry variables with other data sources may enable robust epidemiological studies and unprecedented precision in real-world evidence for MPN patients. Nevertheless, variable documentation and data quality must be critically assessed to account for changes in data entry practices across time periods.

Therapy-associated mutagenesis was observed, including C>G mutations following azacitidine and characteristic T>A/T>G after hydroxycarbamide exposure in blood cells, although not in skin where UV damage predominated. These findings demonstrate progression is genomically encoded years in advance and support serial monitoring and further study of treatment-related mutagenesis.

The initial treatment approach emphasized cytoreduction therapy with hydroxyurea, intravenous fluid administration, and preventive medication with allopurinol to protect against the risk of tumor lysis syndrome. After the patient became stabilized, imatinib, a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was started...As highlighted by this case, the importance of prompt diagnosis, the initiation of cytoreduction therapy, and the use of molecular therapy in treating CML in children cannot be neglected. CML in children is an uncommon but curable form of leukemia.

The patient was treated with phlebotomy, low-dose aspirin, and hydroxyurea, alongside continued vitamin B12 replacement. Close follow-up after hematologic recovery is essential to avoid delayed diagnosis of coexisting hematologic malignancies and disorders. This case presents a combination of complex and extremely rare hematological scenarios, where various hematological disorders exert conflicting influences on red blood cell indices, making diagnosis challenging.

No significant differences in TAS or TOS were observed between ELN (European LeukemiaNet) high-risk and low-risk patients, nor between those receiving hydroxyurea, aspirin, metformin, or ACE (angiotensin convertase enzyme) inhibitors and untreated patients (p > 0.05). Our findings demonstrate that oxidative stress is markedly elevated in patients with concomitant PV and MS, supporting a pathophysiological link between the two conditions. These results underscore the importance of considering oxidative stress in the clinical evaluation of PV patients with metabolic syndrome.

Initial treatment included hydroxyurea and dasatinib; however, after chronic-phase CML was confirmed, therapy was transitioned to imatinib, resulting in resolution of B symptoms, normalization of WBC counts, and reduced leg swelling. This case underscores the importance of distinguishing CEH from aggressive disease states, such as blast-phase CML or myeloid sarcoma, through comprehensive histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

The PROUD-CONTI study showed the superiority of rIFNα compared to hydroxyurea (HU), which led to the European Medicines Agency approval in 2019 of ropeginterferon alpha-2b ("ropegIFN") for ELN-defined high-risk PV patients. Moreover, as PV progresses, the development of myelofibrosis is the leading cause of morbidity, perhaps abetted by PHLEB-O. Here, we review recent progress in the treatment of PV with rIFNα and discuss our rationales and perspectives for, and the endorsement of the initial treatment with rIFNα of both low and high-risk PV patients, unless a contraindication exists to its use.