RARA (Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha)

P=N/A, N=202, Active, not recruiting, ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027

Combination regimens such as retinoic acid with entinostat and doxorubicin achieve potent antitumor synergy in preclinical models. Notably, emerging methylation-based classifiers that identify retinoid-responsive triple-negative breast cancer subsets, together with the paradoxical pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal RARβ, underscore the novelty and translational significance of integrating tumor-intrinsic and microenvironmental determinants of retinoid sensitivity. Together, these approaches may help re-establish functional retinoid signaling and realize the therapeutic potential of retinoic acid in breast cancer.

P3, N=158, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Trial completion date: Sep 2025 --> Jun 2029

P2, N=178, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Feb 2027

Conversely, the N-to-C synthesis method proceeded efficiently without cysteine protection, thereby simplifying the workflow and reducing the number of purification steps. This research presents a reliable and accessible method for the complete chemical synthesis of RNF4, addressing significant challenges in synthesizing large proteins and opening up new opportunities for future biological research.

Compared with non-APL-AML patients, APL patients (PML-RARα (S-type) and PML-RARα (L-type)) exhibit unique immunophenotypic changes. The expression frequencies of CD56, CD2, CD34, and CD200 in leukemia cells are significantly correlated with the OS of APL patients, and the high expression of these indicators before treatment may be an adverse prognostic factor for APL patients.

(3) Clinical evidence confirms that ATRA combined with arsenic trioxide or epigenetic modulators achieves high remission rates in APL and selected AML subtypes...(4) ATRA-based combination therapies represent a promising strategy to extend differentiation therapy beyond APL. This review, authored solely by the investigator, highlights molecular targets and potential enhancers warranting further clinical evaluation in AML.

Notably, demethylation therapy induced sustained complete remission in patients with refractory recurrent APL during experimental treatment. Our findings underscore the critical role of ALDH1A3 in leukemogenesis and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target in APL.

This work provides a robust tool for early APL diagnosis. The proposed triple-amplification strategy and the rational design of the ECL-RET platform offer a generalizable and versatile sensing paradigm, which can be readily adapted for the ultrasensitive detection of a wide range of other disease-related nucleic acid biomarkers and infectious pathogens.

It is possible that ATRA induces conformational changes and/or promotes nuclear translocation of RARα, which in turn reduces its interaction with TACC1v25 and modulates the downstream transcriptional effects. This may provide new ideas for treating HNSCCs.

Fenofibrate effectively counteracted these effects by activating PPARα, thereby competitively inhibiting RARα binding to RXRα and restoring lipid homeostasis. This study reveals a novel mechanism underlying ATRA-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation, which offers a theoretical foundation for the clinical use of fenofibrate in managing ATRA-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis.

P1, N=48, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Suspended --> Active, not recruiting