PD-L1 expression

P1, N=150, Active, not recruiting, Werewolf Therapeutics, Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P2, N=206, Active, not recruiting, Fondazione Ricerca Traslazionale | Not yet recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Apr 2023 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: May 2022 --> May 2027

PD-L1 ICC expression in CBs depends on the fixative and antibody used. Alcohol-based fixatives, particularly with low cutoffs, risk underestimating PD-L1 positivity, and may contribute to false-negative results. ICC protocol optimization is essential before diagnostic use.

High PD-L1 expression in EGFRm NSCLC is associated with more aggressive morphologic features and modifies the association between post-progression ICI and survival. These findings support PD-L1-informed selection after EGFR-TKI failure, while prospective confirmation is needed.

Our findings suggest that CD274 alterations, PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and TILs, BRAF mutations, genomic amplifications, and tumor mutational burden may provide meaningful prognostic information in patients with melanoma. Prospective validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm the utility of these markers in guiding therapeutic decisions.

We constructed a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform (PCN-CuS-JQ/RGD) based on an MRI-visible, Fe-porphyrin MOF (PCN(Fe)) carrier, decorated with CuS photothermal agents, a BRD4 inhibitor (JQ1), and a tumor-targeting peptide (RGD)...Crucially, in a bilateral tumor-bearing mouse model, our strategy demonstrated a powerful synergistic effect, significantly enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This work presents a light-activatable degradation platform that achieves high tumor selectivity and potent immunotherapy, offering a promising new avenue for cancer treatment.

We detail limitations of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, panel-based tumor mutational burden (TMB), clinic-ready toxicity pathways, immune-appropriate response criteria (iRECIST), pseudoprogression, hyperprogression, post-ICI sequencing (FGFR3 alterations, enfortumab vedotin-based therapy, chemotherapy, trials), and delivery models (navigation, electronic patient-reported outcomes, telemedicine, payment structures). Optimizing systemic frameworks for immunotherapy care requires careful evaluation of functional status, protocols for immune-related adverse events management, standardization for assessments of clinical responses, and ensuring equitable access to care. ctDNA and AI-assisted radiomics are promising adjuncts to clinical care, but still require multi-center prospective validation before adoption into routine practice.

Our study demonstrated increased expression of CD155 in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder with advancing stage, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. Additionally, CD155 expression correlated positively with PD-L1 expression, indicating that some patients might benefit from a combined blockade of both targets.

Among different gene alteration subgroups for advanced NSCLC, the efficacy of first-line ICIs did not differ with statistical significance, with high PD-L1 expression as a predictive factor for better survival. In KRAS mutant patients, KRAS G12C mutation or TP53 co-mutation might indicate improved survival.

Integrating PD-L1 expression with TILs, PD-L1 immunopositivity was correlated with increased CD8+ and PD1+TCF1- cell infiltration and was associated with favorable DFS especially in the TC. Our findings support a more refined framework for TCF1+ TIL assessment and TCF1 expression across cellular populations in the tumor microenvironment, with implications for prognostication in operable NSCLC.

From 2,239 titles, four relevant trials (N=1,364) were included: two randomized controlled trials of atezolizumab, and two retrospective studies of nivolumab. This review was limited by different patient populations, small numbers, possible inter-pathological discordance, and study heterogeneity. Evidence for nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or durvalumab remains inconclusive.