PD-L1 expression

P3, N=640, Active, not recruiting, AstraZeneca | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Jun 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 --> Jun 2027

P2, N=100, Completed, University of Chicago | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Oct 2025

Additionally, while prior studies documented that IgG Ab responses to TAA can identify targets of a coordinated T and B cell response and evidence of immune surveillance, this study found that high autoantibody responses, while not statistically significant, trended toward a worse outcome (p = 0.06). This suggests to us that tumors may have developed mechanisms to escape the immune response to these TAAs.

SMARCA4 gene mutations are not entirely consistent with IHC protein loss, necessitating combined interpretation. When SMARCA4 alterations co-exist with EGFR mutations, targeted monotherapy efficacy may be limited, and combination strategies should be considered. Classifying SMARCA4 alterations into Class 1 and Class 2 may have prognostic implications and could help predict the tumor immune microenvironment status (TMB and PD-L1). ICIs combined with chemotherapy is currently one of the main treatment options for patients with advanced SMARCA4-altered pulmonary tumors and showed potential efficacy in this study.

Their detectability in tissue, blood and other biofluids offers a minimally invasive means to dynamically monitor cancer behaviour and response, supporting more precise therapeutic decision-making. This review synthesises the current evidence for miRNA-based biomarkers across oestrogen-receptor positive, HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer and outlines their potential integration into biomarker-driven clinical trial designs and personalised treatment strategies.

Future progress will likely depend on integrative models combining genomic, tissue-based, immune, and circulating parameters with established clinical variables. Prospective validation and clear demonstration of incremental clinical utility will be essential before such strategies can meaningfully inform therapeutic decision-making.

Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy significantly improved PFS and OS in patients with locally recurrent unresectable or metastatic TNBC, without substantially increasing chemotherapy-related toxicities. However, the OS benefit in PD-L1-positive patients was not statistically significant, and the combined regimen was associated with higher rates of serious and immune-related adverse events. These findings support the use of Chemo-IO as a treatment option, highlighting the importance of PD-L1 status and careful monitoring of immune-mediated toxicities in clinical practice.

Targeting autophagy has shown considerable potential for effectively addressing chemoresistance in TNBC. Future studies should focus on addressing chemoresistance and immunoresistance through autophagy-based therapies.

This article provides a systematic review of the composition and regulation of the Hippo, its mechanisms of action in the biological behavior of tumor cells and interactions within the tumor microenvironment, as well as progress in the development of drugs targeting this pathway. It offers a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the role of the Hippo in tumors and for the development of novel anti-tumor therapeutic strategies.

Seventeen patients with advanced NSCLC who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Nivo-Ipi) were enrolled. FMISO PET may serve as an exploratory tool for assessing early treatment response to ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, further studies are required to validate these findings.

P1/2, N=314, Terminated, Hoffmann-La Roche | Completed --> Terminated; Study was closed early as the sponsor decided not to continue development of certain treatment combinations.

P3, N=669, Terminated, BeiGene | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; This decision was conducted by the sponsor based on lack of efficacy and not driven by safety concerns.