MUC16 elevation

The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and Plaquenil, with careful monitoring for potential complications...The unusual initial presentation underscores the importance of considering PPMS in differential diagnoses to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive procedures. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential for optimizing patient outcomes in this rare and complex syndrome.

The mechanism in this case involved increased mobility of the left adnexa after hysterectomy and tumor infiltration near the inguinal canal. This case highlights the importance of considering fallopian tube carcinoma as a differential diagnosis when evaluating inguinal hernias, particularly in high-risk patients.

At the same time, the clinician could monitor the patient's serum CA125 level changes to assist in the judgment of the efficacy of the original disease. This report extends the understanding of WM and the application of CA125.

P1/2, N=50, Recruiting, Xing Xie | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Dec 2024

Preoperative CEA, CA15-3, and CA125 levels may have different prognostic effects on patients with different molecular subtypes. Particularly, preoperative elevated levels of CEA have a significant adverse impact on the prognosis of luminal A and triple-negative patients, while preoperative elevated levels of CA15-3 have an adverse effect on the prognosis of luminal A and HER-positive patients.

These markers may offer a significant lead time over imaging, potentially enabling earlier intervention. Further research is needed to validate these findings.

She underwent laparoscopy with histopathological examination, confirming the diagnosis of tuberculosis, showing giant cell granulomas with caseous necrosis. A favorable outcome was observed on all fronts after antitubercular treatment.

We present a 39-centimeter thecoma with ascites and elevated Ca-125 values which is compatible with an atypical/incomplete Meigs' syndrome. Giant ovarian masses with elevated Ca-125 values and ascites are an alarming combination, although Gynecologists should be aware that there are also benign entities that mimic advanced stage ovarian cancer.

Initial carboplatin 5 AUC and paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 administration resulted in improvement in performance status with ECOG score of 1, alleviation of dyspnea, reduction in pleural effusion 1 week after chemotherapy, with minimal effusion observed at 3 weeks, and Ca-125 levels decreased to 33.6 U/mL thereafter. Empiric chemotherapy using carboplatin and paclitaxel is a feasible option for managing CUP with MPE mimicking gynecological malignancies with elevated Ca-125 and Ca 15-3 markers; initiating chemotherapy in poor performance status patients is beneficial with proper clinical judgment.

P=N/A, N=2640, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2026

Ovarian metastatic signet ring carcinoma in a background of fibroma can pose a significant diagnostic challenge, as signet ring cells can mimic the ovarian stroma or theca cells, especially if they are only observed in a few foci of the sections.

Postoperatively, pathological analysis confirmed leiomyoma, the patient's CA125 level returned to normal, and the ascites resolved, meeting the diagnostic criteria for PMS. Further studies are needed to determine whether a hypercoagulable state is common in pregnant patients with PMS and to develop strategies to improve outcomes.

Elevated CA-125 levels were also indicative of worse DFS/RFS (HR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.444-3.262, p < 0.001) and DSS (HR = 2.854; 95% CI: 1.970-4.133, p < 0.001). Serum CA-125 levels before treatment was highly associated with prognosis of EC patients.

Elevated CA-125 levels raised suspicion for malignancy, leading to a laparotomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of pregnancy luteoma.

Although not common, malignant transformation in MCT should be considered in older patients with large tumor sizes and elevated CA-125 assessed as MCT in preoperative and intraoperative assessment. This ovarian malignancy suggests an aggressive behavior but complete resection with systematic staging and indicated adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy may improve survival.

This patient was finally diagnosed with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus after exclusion of tumour and other maculopapular disorders. We hope that this particular case may provide a more comprehensive and novel diagnostic idea of systemic lupus erythematosus and pleural effusion, avoiding unnecessary anxiety, laboratory tests and surgical interventions.

P=N/A, N=797, Active, not recruiting, AGO Study Group | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Feb 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Dec 2024

P1/2, N=72, Recruiting, Sham Sunder Kakar | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2025 --> Nov 2026

PLFGT usually presents as gynecological symptoms and solid masses in pelvis. Surgery or biopsy was the way to obtain the pathologic diagnosis, and combination chemotherapy is the efficient method for PLFGT. Making an accurate preoperative diagnosis is of paramount importance to avoid radical gynecologic surgery.

In this study we applied a net reclassification approach to assess the use of MMP index to rescue those cases where low CA125 incorrectly excludes cancer diagnoses, or where benign disease is incorrectly assessed as "high risk" due to elevated CA125. Reclassification of such patients is of significant value to assist in the timely and accurate referral for patients where CA125 titer is uninformative.

P=N/A, N=2640, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2025

Progression-free survival in the CA125-increased group, defined by an increase of 0.0067%/day using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was significantly poorer among patients with peritoneal metastases. In conclusion, this study highlights that CA125 kinetics can serve as an early predictor for the progression of peritoneal metastasis during TAX/RAM treatment.

P1/2, N=155, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Jan 2025

Elevated CA 19-9 is associated with decreased PFS in patients with CRPM. While traditionally CEA is the main tumor marker assessed in colon cancer, we found that CA 19-9 may better inform preoperative risk stratification for poor oncologic outcomes in patients with CRPM. However, prospective studies are required to confirm this association.

Correlation analysis revealed that APTT (r= -0.207) and TT (r = -0.174) were negatively correlated with the level of CA125. The shortening of CA125-related APTT and TT indicates that it is meaningful to detect coagulation parameters of patients with elevated CA125 levels early, dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, and maybe further discover the hypercoagulability and prevent the occurrence of thrombus in adenomyosis.

This should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for ovarian cancer. Understanding the PET/CT features of MS can facilitate the attainment of an accurate diagnosis before surgery.

Cytokine analysis showed elevated interleukin (IL) levels, especially IL-6 in pleural effusion. Treatment with immunosuppressive therapy resulted in reduced cancer antigen (CA) 125 levels and decreased effusion volume, demonstrating a positive response to intervention in this case of PPMS.

Preoperative CA-125 was elevated in nearly 80% of high-risk early-stage ovarian cancer patients. Pre-chemotherapy CA-125 was associated with recurrence-free and overall survival; however, preoperative CA-125 was not prognostic.

P1/2, N=72, Not yet recruiting, Sham Sunder Kakar | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025

P2, N=20, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

CONCLUSIONS A 10-year follow-up of patients with uterine sarcoma indicates that age above 60 years at diagnosis and high p53 expression and elevated CA125 levels before treatment can be independent prognostic factors. The high diagnostic sensitivity of sTNF RI and VEGF suggests the possibility of using these biomarkers in the early diagnosis of uterine sarcomas.

P3, N=418, Recruiting, ImmunoGen, Inc.

In a real-world setting, niraparib maintenance treatment in patients with non-gBRCA1/2 mutated recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer showed effectiveness comparable with published phase III studies and acceptable safety. Individualized dosing is essential to minimize adverse events. CA125 levels at start of niraparib treatment may help to estimate the individual prognosis.

Elevated preoperative serum CEA, CA-125, and CA19-9 levels exhibited poor overall survival and recurrence-free survival in cervical adenocarcinoma patients. Combined preoperative serum CA-125 and CA19-9 independently predicted distant metastasis in patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma.

P2, N=390, Recruiting, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2026

Overall, 13 patients were identified. Median age was 48 (range 22-81). Eleven patients (11/13, 84.6%) had elevated ca-125 at time of diagnosis, with a median of 300 U/mL (range 9-1834 U/mL).

P2, N=20, Not yet recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

P1, N=73, Active, not recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: Oct 2023 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2023 --> Jun 2024

In postmenopausal women with elevated CA-125 serum levels and an adnexal mass suspicious for malignancy at ultrasound (US), ascites and pleural effusion, surgery, and histopathological examination are necessary. MS is a diagnostic option, with an excellent prognosis after exeresis of the mass.

Our findings provide valuable insights into the utilization patterns and clinical implications of CA-125 testing in ovarian and endometrial cancer diagnosis. While CA-125 remains a prominent tumor marker, its interpretation should consider age, gender, and clinical context. The study emphasizes the potential benefits of integrating additional markers and imaging modalities to enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings contribute to optimizing the use of CA-125 testing for early detection and management of gynecological malignancies, thereby improving patient outcomes.

Positive/elevated CA125 level led to poor prognosis. Furthermore, younger age, low grade, early FIGO stage and localized SEER stage were significant predictors for improved OS.