KRAS G12D

Our findings highlight the functional heterogeneity of myCAFs and identify TAGLN-expressing myCAFs as critical mediators of tumour progression, providing evidence that targeting stromal TAGLN may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC.

Gastric tumors can bypass niche dependence by acquiring KRAS-MAPK-SMAD2/3-driven epithelial WNT secretion. Targeting this axis-through MAPK inhibition, SMAD2/3 blockade, or suppression of WNT secretion-may represent a therapeutic vulnerability in gastric cancer and other KRAS-high malignancies.

Structural dynamics analysis further showed that strong binders maintained compact binding pockets (RMSD: 1.8-2.2 Å) and reduced ligand flexibility, whereas weak binders sampled expanded and less stable conformations (RMSD: 2.7-3.4 Å). These findings delineate the structural and energetic determinants underlying KRASG12D inhibitor potency and provide quantitative guidelines for the rational design of next-generation KRASG12D inhibitors.

We present a detailed protocol for isolating high-quality single-cell suspensions from both healthy and tumor-bearing murine lung tissue. This protocol can be applied to scRNA-seq, flow cytometry analysis, and primary cell isolation.

Mechanistically, cancer cell derived LIF facilitates an immunosuppressive, pro-tumorigenic state. Importantly, pharmacological targeting of the CREB-LIF signaling axis between cancer cells and macrophages, using a CREB-specific inhibitor (CREBi), significantly suppresses tumor growth and sensitizes PDAC to immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this treatment combination to improve outcomes in this aggressive disease.

Here, we demonstrate that the second-generation XPO1 inhibitor Eltanexor synergizes with MRTX1133 to enhance its efficacy in multiple PDAC models. By enhancing KRASG12D inhibitor activity and potentially reducing the required therapeutic dose, this combination approach offers a novel means to delay or overcome resistance. These findings provide a strong preclinical rationale for clinical trials evaluating KRAS inhibitors in combination with XPO1 inhibitors and may significantly improve outcomes for a substantial subset of PDAC patients who currently lack effective targeted treatment options.

Knockdown of RCC1 in pancreatic cancer cells restored SIRT3 expression and impaired tumor formation in vivo. Overall, our study has revealed a previously unrecognized mechanism by which oncogenic KRAS promotes tumor development through down-regulation of the SIRT3-mediated tumor suppression pathway, and has also identified RCC1 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of cancer patients with KRAS mutations.

Histopathological evaluation may aid risk stratification alongside KRAS status. Prognostic assessment in clinical settings should take both TNM staging and KRAS status into account.

Furthermore, we validated the specificity of our approach by successfully detecting various mutations, including KRAS G12C, KRAS G12D, EGFR T790M and TP53 R273H, in simulated clinical samples. These findings highlight a reliable method for precise ctDNA detection, offering high specificity, selectivity, and accuracy, thus paving the way for potential cancer diagnostic application.

Mutational analysis further highlighted the significance of KRAS G12C, G12V, and G12D mutations, which were common between RCC and pancreatic metastasis. Our study provides critical insights into the statistically significant associations between metabolic disorders and malignancies, emphasizing the potential of tailored therapies alongside shared therapies in managing RCC and its progression to pancreatic metastasis.

There is a need to understand how the LUAD TME impacts patient response to immunotherapy. We identified a transcriptional program enacted by TAp73 in tumor alveolar macrophages that supports T-cell activation. Transcriptional and metabolomic data from LUAD patients supports the relevance of this program in response to immune checkpoint inhibition.

The landmark approval of Sotorasib in 2021, the first covalent KRASG12C inhibitor, shattered this dogma, ushering in a new era of targeted therapy for KRAS-mutant cancers, which also has catalyzed an explosion of innovative strategies extending far beyond covalent G12C targeting...Additionally, it encompasses structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigations and activity optimization processes and pharmacokinetic properties studies of representative molecules. Furthermore, we critically evaluate existing challenges in developing small-molecule KRAS modulators while discussing emerging opportunities in overcoming on-target resistance, aiming to offer valuable insights and perspectives for future research in this rapidly evolving field.