Keytruda (pembrolizumab)

P1, N=61, Active, not recruiting, Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Dec 2026

Bavituximab plus pembrolizumab was well tolerated but showed modest activity, with greater benefit in biomarker-defined subgroups, supporting the biomarker-driven development of tumour microenvironment-targeting combinations in advanced gastric/GOJ adenocarcinomas. NCT04099641.

P1/2, N=112, Recruiting, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1/2, N=27, Not yet recruiting, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

We established a robust pooled PBMC-organoid co-culture platform that enables functional assessment of tumor-immune dynamics in PMGCs. This system serves as a functional ex vivo tool for evaluating immunotherapy responses and for examining the expression patterns of alternative immune checkpoint ligands associated with differential PD-1 blockade response. These findings support the utility of this ex vivo PMGC co-culture system for evaluating heterogeneous responses to PD-1 blockade and associated baseline differences in alternative immune checkpoint ligand expression among PD-L1-high organoids.

PD-L1 testing should remain assay-, tissue-, and indication-specific, supported by regulatory approval and clinical outcome data. Future integration of digital tools and multimodal biomarkers may improve standardization and predictive accuracy.

These findings highlight multiple potential immunologic correlates of pembrolizumab with CRT in high-risk HNSCC, supporting further evaluation and validation in larger, adequately powered trials.

The combination of metformin and pembrolizumab was well tolerated with mild GI-associated AEs and promising activity warranting further investigation in a randomized trial.

This study suggests that camrelizumab is associated with an improved PRR for HL, whereas, combination strategy of two ICI drugs, and that one of pembrolizumab and camrelizumab combined with conventional chemoradiotherapy are more effective for elevating the CRR and ORR respectively.

P2, N=60, Active, not recruiting, University of Wisconsin, Madison | Trial completion date: Oct 2026 --> Mar 2027

Pembro was discontinued, and the patient has maintained a complete response on eribulin monotherapy for >1 year. The present case suggests an association between irAEs and the clinical effectiveness of ICIs, highlighting the potential of Pembro-containing chemotherapy for OBC treatment, and emphasizing the importance of prompt irAE recognition and management. Lymph node-dominant disease may represent a particularly immunogenic context for ICI therapy.

In this single-center retrospective study (January 2022-December 2025), we included adults with pathologically confirmed advanced NSCLC who received first-line treatment with pembrolizumab, tislelizumab, sintilimab, and camrelizumab. A pre-treatment CD4/CD8 ratio <1.65 remained is a simple, inexpensive biomarker that identifies lung cancer patients at high risk for early irAEs during single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Prospective, multicenter validation is warranted.