Elevated circulating GDF15 is associated with poor prognosis in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel and may be a marker of changes in the innate immune system in response to docetaxel resistance. These findings provide a strong rationale to consider GDF15 as a biomarker to guide a therapeutic trial of drugs targeting the innate immune system in combination with docetaxel in mCRPC.
Stored sera were used to measure GDF15 using ELISA and HBcrAg using immunoassay for total antigen including complex by pretreatment (iTACT) technology... Male sex, high γ-GTP, high AFP, high GDF15 and fibrosis progression were high risk factors for the occurrence of primary HCC in CHB patients under NUC treatment.