^
2d
A Phase II Study of Fulvestrant plus Abemaciclib in Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. (PubMed, Clin Cancer Res)
The combination of abemaciclib and fulvestrant has promising activity with durable responses in advanced or recurrent EC; a randomized trial is planned.
P2 data • Journal • MSi-H Biomarker • Metastases
|
ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor) • MSI (Microsatellite instability) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • CCND1 (Cyclin D1)
|
HR positive • MSI-H/dMMR • PGR expression
|
Verzenio (abemaciclib) • fulvestrant
3d
IMPORTANT: Implementing Geriatric Assessment for Dose Optimization of Cyclin-dependent Kinase (CDK) 4/6-inhibitors in Older Breast Cancer Patients (clinicaltrials.gov)
P3, N=495, Recruiting, Region Örebro County | Trial completion date: Apr 2031 --> May 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2028 --> Oct 2028
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
HR positive • HER-2 negative
|
fulvestrant
3d
Dormancy Leading to Late Recurrence in Breast Cancer: A Case of Hormone Receptor-Positive Supraclavicular Metastasis 10 Years After the Initial Treatment. (PubMed, Cureus)
Her treatment was adjusted to include Faslodex (fulvestrant) and Verzenio (abemaciclib), followed by the surgical resection of the metastatic lymph node. Understanding dormancy and reactivation mechanisms is essential for guiding clinical decisions. Prioritizing individualized follow-up strategies and refining treatment protocols will be key to improving patient outcomes and maintaining quality of life.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor)
|
ER positive • HR positive • HER-2 negative • PGR positive • EGFR positive
|
Verzenio (abemaciclib) • fulvestrant
3d
Palbociclib in combination with either aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant for patients with advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer in Germany - Final results of the phase 2 multicohort INGE-B trial. (PubMed, Oncol Res Treat)
Introduction The INGE-B trial (NCT02894398) aimed to confirm the efficacy and safety data from the PALOMA trials for patients treated first line (1L) with palbociclib (PAL) and letrozole or 1L and later line with PAL and fulvestrant. Conclusion The INGE-B trial demonstrated good efficacy and tolerability of PAL with letrozole (1L) or fulvestrant (first and later line) in accordance with the PALOMA-trials. In addition, the so far lacking proof of efficacy and safety of PAL in combination with anastrozole or exemestane in 1L and with letrozole in later line was provided by INGE-B.
P2 data • Journal • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 negative
|
Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant • letrozole • anastrozole • exemestane
5d
The journey of patients affected by metastatic hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer from CDK 4/6 inhibitors to second-line treatment: A real-world analysis of 701 patients enrolled in the GIM14/BIOMETA study. (PubMed, Eur J Cancer)
Endocrine therapy plus CDK 4/6i represents an effective treatment, regardless of HER2 status (low/zero). Second-line agents did not differ significantly in terms of TTD. Endocrine resistant cancers exhibit poor response to CDK 4/6i.
Journal • Real-world evidence • Real-world • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 positive • HR positive • HER-2 negative • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive
|
everolimus • capecitabine • fulvestrant • exemestane
6d
Overall survival after CDK4/6 inhibitor dose reduction in women with metastatic breast cancer. (PubMed, BJC Rep)
Dose reduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors within the first 12 weeks of treatment was associated with significantly higher mortality and shorter treatment duration. These findings contrast with previous analyses showing no effect of dose reduction, likely due to considering immortal time bias in this study.
Journal • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 positive • HR positive • HER-2 negative • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive
|
fulvestrant
8d
Trial primary completion date
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation
|
Piqray (alpelisib) • fulvestrant
8d
Fulvestrant, Palbociclib and Erdafitinib in ER+/HER2-/FGFR-amplified Metastatic Breast Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=35, Completed, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Mar 2024
Trial completion • Trial completion date
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • FGFR2 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) • FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) • FGFR4 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4) • FGF23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 23)
|
HER-2 negative • FGFR1 amplification • FGFR3 amplification • FGFR4 amplification • FGFR amplification
|
Ibrance (palbociclib) • Balversa (erdafitinib) • fulvestrant
8d
Trial completion date
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation
|
Piqray (alpelisib) • fulvestrant
11d
New P3 trial • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
TP53 mutation • ER mutation • ER Y537S • ER D538G • ESR1 mutation • ER Y537N • ER L536Q • ER Y537C
|
Verzenio (abemaciclib) • fulvestrant • Fablyn (lasofoxifene)
14d
New P3 trial • Metastases
|
everolimus • fulvestrant • exemestane • SCR-6852
14d
Phase classification • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 negative
|
Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant • ipatasertib (RG7440)
14d
CHENDO: CDK4/6-inhibitor or Chemotherapy, in Combination with ENDOcrine Therapy, for Advanced Breast Cancer / KENDO (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=52, Completed, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la cura dei Tumori | Unknown status --> Completed | N=150 --> 52
Trial completion • Enrollment change • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor)
|
HR positive • HER-2 negative • HER-2 negative + ER positive
|
capecitabine • fulvestrant
17d
Comparative efficacy & safety of buparlisib plus fulvestrant, fulvestrant plus dalpiciclib, and ribociclib plus letrozole for postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive, and HER2-negative breast cancer. (PubMed, Clinics (Sao Paulo))
Dalpiciclib plus fulvestrant is effective and comparatively safe in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancers. Dalpiciclib, buparlisib, fulvestrant, and ribociclib cause neutropenia, severe depression, adverse gastroenterological effects, and adverse hepatological effects, respectively.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HR positive • HER-2 negative • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive
|
Kisqali (ribociclib) • fulvestrant • letrozole • buparlisib (AN2025) • AiRuiKang (dalpiciclib)
18d
TIFA: Preventing High Blood Sugar in People Being Treated for Metastatic Breast Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=15, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
HR positive • HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation • PTEN mutation + HR positive • HER-2 negative + HR positive + PIK3CA mutation
|
Piqray (alpelisib) • fulvestrant
20d
Systemic and local chronic inflammation and hormone disposition promote a tumor-permissive environment for breast cancer in older women. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
Pharmacologic targeting of estrogen signaling (either by HSD17B7 inhibition or with fulvestrant) and chemokine inflammation both decrease local E2 and prevent macrophage polarization. Overall, these findings suggest that chronic inflammation and hormonal disposition are critical contributors to the age-related nature of ER+ breast cancer development and growth and offer potential therapeutic insight to treat these patients. We uncover the unique underpinnings establishing how the systemic host environment contributes to the aged breast tumor microenvironment, characterized by high local estradiol and chronic inflammation with immune dysregulation, and show that targeting avenues of estrogen conversion and chronic inflammation work to restore anti-tumor immunity.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • CCL2 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2) • MRC1 (Mannose Receptor C-Type 1)
|
ER positive
|
fulvestrant
21d
Camizestrant, a next-generation oral SERD, versus fulvestrant in post-menopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (SERENA-2): a multi-dose, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. (PubMed, Lancet Oncol)
Camizestrant at 75 and 150 mg showed a significant benefit in progression-free survival versus fulvestrant. These results support further development of camizestrant for the treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.
Clinical • P2 data • Journal • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive • HR positive • HER-2 negative • ER positive + HER-2 negative • HER-2 negative + ER positive
|
fulvestrant • camizestrant (AZD9833)
21d
Enrollment open • Metastases
|
everolimus • fulvestrant • exemestane • Welireg (belzutifan)
22d
Inavolisib-Based Therapy in PIK3CA-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer. (PubMed, N Engl J Med)
In patients with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, inavolisib plus palbociclib-fulvestrant led to significantly longer progression-free survival than placebo plus palbociclib-fulvestrant, with a greater incidence of toxic effects. The percentage of patients who discontinued any trial agent because of adverse events was low. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche; INAVO120 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04191499.).
Clinical • Journal • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
HR positive • HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation • PIK3CA mutation + HR positive • EGFR positive • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive • HER-2 negative + HR positive + PIK3CA mutation
|
Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant • Itovebi (inavolisib)
23d
Enrollment closed • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
HER-2 negative
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant • letrozole
23d
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
HER-2 amplification • HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive • HER-2 negative + HR positive + PIK3CA mutation
|
Piqray (alpelisib) • fulvestrant
23d
Long-term estrogen-deprived estrogen receptor α-positive breast cancer cell migration assisted by fatty acid 2-hydroxylase. (PubMed, J Biochem)
Fulvestrant (FUL), a selective estrogen receptor degrader used to treat AI-resistant ERα-positive postmenopausal BC, was found to induce degradation of ERα together with a decrease in ER-mediated transcription; however, FA2H protein expression and migration remained unchanged. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that FA2H is one of the drivers of LTED cell migration, and that LTED cells resistant to FUL therapy may be involved in malignancy and metastatic mechanisms.
Journal
|
ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive
|
fulvestrant
24d
New P1 trial • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset)
|
fulvestrant • Lutathera (lutetium Lu 177 dotatate)
24d
HOPE: Olaparib, Palbociclib and Fulvestrant in Patients With BRCA Mutation-associated, HR+, HER2-metastatic Breast Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=54, Active, not recruiting, Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine | Phase classification: P1/2 --> P1 | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Dec 2024
Phase classification • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • BRCA (Breast cancer early onset)
|
BRCA2 mutation • BRCA1 mutation • PGR positive
|
Lynparza (olaparib) • Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant
25d
Enrollment open
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor)
|
ER positive • HER-2 negative • PGR positive • HER-2 negative + AR positive + ER positive • HER-2 negative + ER positive • HER-2 negative + PGR positive
|
tamoxifen • Kisqali (ribociclib) • fulvestrant • letrozole • anastrozole • exemestane
29d
Imlunestrant, an oral selective estrogen receptor degrader, as monotherapy and combined with abemaciclib, in recurrent/advanced ER-positive endometrioid endometrial cancer: Results from the phase 1a/1b EMBER study. (PubMed, Gynecol Oncol)
Imlunestrant, as monotherapy and combined with abemaciclib, has a manageable safety profile with preliminary evidence of antitumor activity in patients with ER+ EEC.
P1 data • Journal • Metastases
|
ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive
|
Verzenio (abemaciclib) • fulvestrant • imlunestrant (LY3484356)
1m
A therapeutic algorithm guiding subsequent therapy selection after CDK4/6 inhibitors' failure: a review of current and investigational treatment for HR+/Her2- breast cancer. (PubMed, Crit Rev Oncol Hematol)
Estrogen receptor one (ESR1) gene mutations, driving resistance to aromatase inhibitors (AIs), may guide the use of fulvestrant or emerging oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) like elacestrant. Targeting mutations like breast cancer gene 1 and 2 (BRCA 1/2) with Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors or the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway provides therapeutic options. The advent of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) like trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and novel agents targeting Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) introduces further complexity, underscoring the need for early intervention targeting specific genomic alterations in metastatic BC.
Review • Journal • BRCA Biomarker • PARP Biomarker
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4) • BRCA (Breast cancer early onset)
|
BRCA2 mutation • BRCA1 mutation • HR positive • HER-2 negative • ER mutation • ESR1 mutation • BRCA mutation • CDK4 mutation
|
Enhertu (fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki) • fulvestrant • Orserdu (elacestrant)
1m
Pharmacologic Induction of ERα SUMOylation Disrupts Its Chromatin Binding. (PubMed, ACS Chem Biol)
In this study, we employed formaldehyde cross-linking followed by ERα immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to reveal that fulvestrant, the first FDA-approved SERD, induces the interaction between ERα and SUMO E3 ligases PIAS1 and PIAS2. In addition, raloxifene (a SERM) and elacestrant (the first FDA-approved oral SERD) were identified as compounds that similarly induce ERα SUMOylation and inhibit its chromatin interaction. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which select ERα inhibitors disrupt ERα function through SUMOylation, offering insights for the development of next-generation ERα-targeted therapies.
Journal
|
PIAS4 (Protein Inhibitor Of Activated STAT 4)
|
fulvestrant • Orserdu (elacestrant) • raloxifene hydrochloride
1m
NUSAP1 is Upregulated by Estrogen to Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Growth and Serves as a Therapeutic Target. (PubMed, Int J Biol Sci)
In this study, by conducting bioinformatics analyses as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments, we identified that NUSAP1 was significantly upregulated in LUAD, with a notable correlation with poorer overall survival, higher scores for immunogenicity and immune infiltration, as well as increased sensitivity to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel, docetaxel and vinorelbine in LUAD. Furthermore, we identified entinostat as a novel inhibitor of NUSAP1. Pharmacological targeting ERβ/NUSAP1 axis with fulvestrant (ERβ antagonist) or entinostat (novel NUSAP1 inhibitor) significantly reduced LUAD growth both in vitro and in vivo, which may represent effective alternative therapeutic strategies for patients with LUAD.
Journal
|
NUSAP1 (Nucleolar and Spindle Associated Protein 1)
|
NUSAP1 overexpression
|
paclitaxel • docetaxel • fulvestrant • vinorelbine tartrate • Jingzhuda (entinostat)
1m
Development, cross-validation and greenness assessment of capillary electrophoresis method for determination of ALP in pharmaceutical dosage forms - an alternative to liquid chromatography. (PubMed, RSC Adv)
Alpelisib (ALP) is a novel phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor recently approved for human receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, PIK3CA-mutated metastatic breast cancer in combination with fulvestrant. The environmental impact of both methods was assessed using AGREE software and scores for CE and HPLC were calculated to be 0.74 and 0.51, respectively. Because of equally reliable analytical performance and greener analysis, CE should be considered as an alternative technique to HPLC in the analysis of ALP pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
EGFR mutation • HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation • EGFR positive
|
Piqray (alpelisib) • fulvestrant
1m
Trial completion
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
|
HER-2 positive • HR positive • HER-2 negative • HR positive + HER-2 negative • PTEN mutation + HR positive
|
Avastin (bevacizumab) • Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • tamoxifen • Verzenio (abemaciclib) • fulvestrant • ipatasertib (RG7440) • exemestane • Jingzhuda (entinostat)
1m
Enrollment change • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive • HER-2 amplification • HER-2 negative • HER-2 expression • ER negative • HER-2 negative + ER positive
|
fulvestrant • alisertib (MLN8237)
1m
Enrollment open • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
tamoxifen • fulvestrant • alisertib (MLN8237)
1m
Hypoxia drives estrogen receptor β-mediated cell growth via transcription activation in non-small cell lung cancer. (PubMed, J Mol Med (Berl))
HIF-1α induced ERβ gene transcription and protein expression in hypoxic cells via binding to HRE in the ESR2 promoter. The suppression of HIF-1α and ERβ both in vitro and in vivo effectively reduced the NSCLC tumor growth.
Journal
|
ER (Estrogen receptor) • HIF1A (Hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit)
|
HIF1A overexpression • HIF1A expression
|
fulvestrant
1m
Enrollment closed • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 positive
|
Perjeta (pertuzumab) • fulvestrant • Tukysa (tucatinib) • Phesgo (pertuzumab/trastuzumab/hyaluronidase-zzxf)
1m
Enrollment closed • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive • HER-2 negative • ESR1 mutation • HER-2 negative + ER positive • HER-2 negative + ER positive + ESR1 mutation
|
everolimus • tamoxifen • fulvestrant • dexamethasone • exemestane • giredestrant (GDC-9545)
1m
SUMIT-BC: A Study of Samuraciclib in Combination With Fulvestrant in Metastatic or Locally Advanced Breast Cancer in Adult Participants (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=60, Active, not recruiting, Carrick Therapeutics Limited | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
Enrollment closed • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4)
|
TP53 mutation • ER positive • HER-2 negative • HER-2 negative + ER positive
|
fulvestrant • samuraciclib (CT7001)
1m
Roll-over Study to Allow Continued Access to Ribociclib (clinicaltrials.gov)
P4, N=137, Recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Trial completion date: Mar 2030 --> Feb 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2030 --> Jan 2028
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
tamoxifen • Kisqali (ribociclib) • fulvestrant • letrozole • anastrozole • goserelin acetate
1m
Trial completion date • HEOR • Combination therapy • Real-world evidence • Real-world • Metastases
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)
|
HER-2 negative
|
Ibrance (palbociclib) • fulvestrant • exemestane
1m
Diagnostic utility of ESR1 mutation detection in liquid biopsy of metastatic breast cancer patients. (PubMed, Virchows Arch)
In the liquid biopsies, we detected ESR1 mutations in 42 cases (25.9%) and ERBB2 mutations in six cases (3.7%), arguing for a change in therapy to fulvestrant, elacestrant, or neratinib. Furthermore, 17 cases had detectable TP53 mutations, associated with resistance against endocrine therapy. We conclude that liquid biopsy testing is a noninvasive, sensitive, and helpful method to optimize therapeutic decisions in metastatic BC.
Journal • Liquid biopsy • Metastases • Biopsy
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
|
TP53 mutation • HER-2 mutation • ER mutation • ESR1 mutation
|
Nerlynx (neratinib) • fulvestrant • Orserdu (elacestrant)
1m
Endocrine persistence in ER+ breast cancer is accompanied by metabolic vulnerability in oxidative phosphorylation. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
In an analysis of tumor specimens from 32 patients, tumors exhibiting residual cell proliferation after aromatase inhibitor-induced estrogen deprivation with letrozole showed increased mitochondrial content...Pharmacological inhibition of complex I suppressed the tumor-forming potential of persisters and synergized with the anti-estrogen fulvestrant to induce regression of patient-derived xenografts...Endocrine-tolerant persister cancer cells that survive endocrine therapy can cause recurrent disease. Persister cells exhibit increased energetic dependence upon mitochondria for survival and tumor re-growth potential.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor)
|
ER positive
|
fulvestrant • letrozole