FGFR3 mutation

In order to be able to use these therapeutic innovations in a targeted and precise manner in the future, biomarker-based stratification of urothelial carcinomas is likely to play a greater role. Current developments thus open up considerable potential for true precision oncology.

The sensitivity estimate showed very low certainty due to pronounced heterogeneity, underscoring the need for careful interpretation. With advancing DNA recovery methods, incorporation of droplet digital PCR, and rigorous evaluations in prospective multicenter studies, Uromonitor® may become an integral element of risk-adapted follow-up strategies.

While several promising biomarker candidates have been identified, the evidence base remains limited due to small sample sizes, heterogeneous methodologies, and inadequate follow-up data. Cortactin/FAK protein expression and immune signatures are the most promising but require validation in larger, well-designed prospective cohorts.

We herein present a case of 67-year-old man with advanced thymic carcinoma who was treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel as first-line therapy. Furthermore, the presence of oncogenic mutations in lenvatinib-targeted genes may serve as predictive biomarkers for durable disease control. Given the limited availability of methods to detect oncogenic mutations, including FGFR3, in patients with thymic carcinoma, early implementation of CGP testing-even in the frontline setting-may be warranted in the future.

Despite higher recurrence rates compared with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), it can be a valuable option for patients with chronic renal insufficiency given its organ-sparing approach. However, close follow-up is essential to detect recurrences early.

This method was applied to tumor transcriptomic data from the IMvigor210 cohort (n = 298), comprising mUC patients treated with atezolizumab...Our framework, which combines SHAP-based interpretable feature extraction with spectral clustering, revealed subclass-level heterogeneity in ICI response, highlighting biologically distinct immune subclasses. This approach may facilitate the development of subclass-specific therapeutic strategies.

Nonetheless, successful clinical implementation will require prospective validation, optimized analytical platforms, and sustained physician-scientist engagement to translate these discoveries into improved patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in UC translational research, with a focus on genomic and transcriptomic insights, the evolving role of immunotherapy, advances in liquid biopsy, and the development of novel therapeutics.

P1/2, N=310, Active, not recruiting, Tyra Biosciences, Inc | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

Over a five-year follow-up period, 50% of ctDNA-positive patients were diagnosed with early-stage HCC, with a mean lead time of 26.6 months compared to standard clinical assessments. By enabling diagnosis months earlier than conventional methods, ctDNA-based testing may enhance HCC surveillance and facilitate a more personalized approach to cancer monitoring.

P2, N=43, Terminated, Taiho Oncology, Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Sponsor decided to discontinue the study due to strategic considerations and not due to any safety-related concerns.

Although significant advances have been made in precision therapy for bladder cancer, critical research gaps remain, including tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and insufficient validation of biomarkers. Future research directions emphasize the potential of liquid biopsy for non-invasive diagnosis and dynamic monitoring, rational combination therapies, multi-omics data integration, and artificial intelligence in advancing personalized treatment, providing a systematic and forward-looking perspective on precision medicine in bladder cancer.

The integrated approach of IHC with genotyping could improve risk stratification and guide personalized management strategies. Moreover, as cytology is less sensitive to diagnose UC, especially low-grade tumours, Xpert BCM can be used as a promising diagnostic test for both primary and recurrent BC settings.