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DRUG CLASS:

DHODH inhibitor

5d
Mapping metabolic reprogramming in lung and breast cancer through integrative bioinformatics. (PubMed, PLoS One)
Integration of pharmacological evidence highlighted clinically actionable interactions between metabolic genes and FDA-approved drugs, including ASNS-asparaginase, DHODH-teriflunomide, and G6PD-rasburicase. This integrative analysis shows that cancer metabolism is altered in subtype-specific ways that can be systematically mapped to reveal potential therapeutic targets. By linking transcriptomic evidence with drug-gene interactions and clinical context, this framework provides a scalable approach for cancer metabolism research and supports the prioritization of pathways with potential translational relevance.
Journal
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BRCA (Breast cancer early onset) • SLC2A1 (Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1)
7d
Critical role of keratinocytes and protease-activated receptor 2 in secondary lymphedema development. (PubMed, Clin Transl Med)
Activated keratinocytes play a key role in the pathophysiology of secondary lymphedema through PAR2 by producing Th2-inducing cytokines that modulate skin inflammatory responses.
Journal
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TSLP (Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin)
12d
ELF: The Efficacy of Everolimus With Reduced-dose Tacrolimus Versus Reduced-dose Tacrolimus and Leflunomide in Treatment of BK Virus Infection in Kidney Transplantation Recipient (clinicaltrials.gov)
P=N/A, N=50, Active, not recruiting, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 --> Jul 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027
Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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everolimus • leflunomide
1m
Progressive alopecia areata during TNF-α inhibition with intralesional corticosteroid failure and subsequent improvement following JAK1 inhibition. (PubMed, J Dermatolog Treat)
To report a case of AA developing during golimumab and leflunomide treatment for seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, with subsequent improvement following initiation of selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibition...Upadacitinib was initiated for rheumatoid arthritis management and escalated from 15 mg to 30 mg...Although spontaneous remission and delayed corticosteroid effects cannot be excluded, the timing and magnitude of improvement support a temporal association with JAK1 inhibition. This case highlights a pragmatic therapeutic consideration when alopecia arises during TNF-α inhibitor therapy.
Journal
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JAK1 (Janus Kinase 1)
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Simponi (golimumab) • leflunomide
2ms
Roles of RRM2 and RRM2B in pyrimidine stress responses and differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. (PubMed, Cell Death Discov)
Although brequinar and cytarabine altered nucleotide metabolism through distinct mechanisms, differentiation induced by all agents was abolished by supplementation with high levels of ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides, confirming that nucleotide imbalance is a central driver. Consistent with these differences, RRM2 depletion enhanced differentiation in U937 cells without affecting viability but impaired differentiation and survival in MOLM-13 cells. These findings position nucleotide metabolism as a key regulator of AML differentiation and suggest that combining RNR-targeted and checkpoint-modulating strategies could optimize therapeutic responses.
Journal
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RRM2 (Ribonucleotide Reductase Regulatory Subunit M2)
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TP53 mutation • TP53 wild-type
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cytarabine • brequinar (DUP 785)
2ms
Study on teriflunomide in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (ChiCTR2600120683)
P4, N=100, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University; The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
New P4 trial • Real-world evidence
2ms
A Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of AUR108 in Patients With Relapsed Advanced Lymphomas (ASHA-1) (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=40, Recruiting, Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2025 --> Aug 2027
Trial primary completion date • First-in-human
3ms
Study of a lipid extract from Eryx snakes in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis under a therapeutic regimen: comparison with methotrexate and leflunomide. (PubMed, Inflammopharmacology)
Semi-quantitative histological scoring confirmed that LEES effectively limited articular structural damage without inducing the hepato-splenic toxicity associated with methotrexate. These findings indicate that LEES possesses multimodal immunomodulatory and analgesic actions with a highly favorable tolerability profile, supporting its further preclinical development as a potential adjunct or alternative to existing therapies.
Preclinical • Journal
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IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • IL10 (Interleukin 10)
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methotrexate • leflunomide
3ms
Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Targeted Glioblastoma Therapy via Concurrently Triggering GPX4/DHODH Mediated Ferroptosis. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh))
Therefore, in the present study, a multifunctional nanoplatform, hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide (H-MnO2)-hemin-leflunomide@membrane (MHL@M), is proposed and fabricated...Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that MHL@M has excellent tumor-targeting, TME-responsive, and ferroptosis activation capacities. This study provides a solid foundation for the development of ferroptosis-based therapeutic strategies for GBM.
Journal
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GPX4 (Glutathione Peroxidase 4)
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leflunomide
3ms
Teriflunomide modulates the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and enhances antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer. (PubMed, Oncogenesis)
These findings highlight TER as a promising immune checkpoint modulator that targets the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to promote CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Because of its established safety profile, TER is a readily translatable therapeutic for enhancing cancer immunotherapy in CRC.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • GZMB (Granzyme B)
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PD-L1 expression
3ms
Leflunomide in Previously Treated Metastatic Triple Negative Cancers (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=17, Completed, Joseph Sparano | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
Trial completion
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HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha)
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ER positive • HER-2 negative • PIK3CA mutation • HER-2 negative + ER positive
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leflunomide