Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma

Drug susceptibility assays demonstrated that DPC-X3 resisted paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil(5-FU), and gemcitabine. The Ki-67 proliferation index was determined to be approximately 40%. DPC-X3 presents a valuable experimental platform for elucidating the pathogenesis of intestinal-type AC and can serve as a driver for drug development efforts.

P2, N=25, Completed, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins | Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2028 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Aug 2024

P=N/A, N=360, Recruiting, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Jan 2026

High cytoplasmic TxNIP expression was significantly associated with better overall survival (p = 0.0002), which remained significant in multivariate Cox regression analysis (p = 0.013). These findings demonstrate the prognostic importance of Trx system protein expression in periampullary cancers.

P=N/A, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Universidade do Porto

One-third of patients with FAP present an aggressive phenotype, without a demonstrated correlation between the type of genetic alteration and the phenotypic manifestations.

Of the biliary tract cancer cases examined with this method, 13 (54%) and 4 (17%) resulted in positive cancer driver mutation detection in the bile and plasma cfDNAs, respectively. These results suggest that bile is a more reliable source for LB than plasma for multigene panel analyses of biliary tract cancers.

This article reported a case of periampullary duodenal NET in a patient with NF1, and a bibliometric analysis was conducted.

Studies of MDM2 in BTC (N = 19) demonstrated variable frequency of MDM2 amplification according to subtype, with consistently high MDM2 amplification rates in GBC (up to 17.5%), and lower rates in CCA (up to 4.4%). The results from this literature review highlight the geographic heterogeneity of BTC and the need for standardised clinicopathologic assessment and reporting to allow cross-study comparisons.

Further research and awareness is necessary to highlight the different types of ampullary cancer given the significant clinical implications. Figure: Image 1: (A) Endoscopic imaging of ampullary mass (B) EUS depicting ampullary mass

P2/3, N=150, Active, not recruiting, Compass Therapeutics | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

In the context of systemic disease, survival outcomes did not vary according to EGFR, HER2, and c-Met expression, but the HER2-positive group showed a trend towards inferior progression-free survival (HR = 1.90; 95% CI, 0.56-6.41; p = 0.166). This study underscores the potential of EGFR, HER2, and c-Met as targets for personalized therapy in AAC, warranting further research to evaluate targeted treatments.

P2, N=120, Recruiting, UNICANCER | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

The combined CEA and glucose testing in PCF demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity for differentiating mucinous from non-mucinous PCNs, suggesting its potential utility in preoperative diagnosis.

P4, N=51, Recruiting, Jiangsu Province Hospital; Jiangsu Province Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P=N/A, N=845, Recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 --> Apr 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2026

P2, N=56, Terminated, Washington University School of Medicine | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Investigator and study team chose to end study early.

Although MUC1 expression is universal, MUC5AC expression is a significant prognostic indicator that correlates with lymph node metastasis and poor OS. These results emphasize the possible utility of MUC5AC as a biomarker for extensive lymph node dissection and the prognostic evaluation of patients with AoV cancer.

Despite close anatomic relations of the five periampullary cancers, this study revealed differences in preoperative blood markers, pathology, and long-term survival. More tumor characteristics are shared between DAC and AmpIT and between AmpPB and dCCA than between the two ampullary subtypes. Instead of using collective definitions for "periampullary cancers" or anatomical classification, this study emphasizes the importance of individual evaluation of each histopathological subtype with the ampullary subtypes as individual entities in future studies.

However, a single large study conducted in Japan by Yamazaki showed reduced survival and higher metastasis in CyclinD1 positive periampullary carcinoma. So there is reasonable scope in future for large-scale population-based studies to establish similar association in our subcontinent as well.

P=N/A, N=300, Recruiting, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

The variables are dependent on tumor-derived cells, with differences in receptor overexpression between PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma), BTC (biliary tract cancer), ampullary carcinoma, and PNETs (pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors). HER2 overexpression is frequently encountered in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, and the ERBB family is one of the targets in the near future of therapy, with good results in phase I, II, and III studies evaluating downregulation and tumor downstaging, respectively.

This study confirmed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of CAPOX in a real-world setting, consistent with prior phase II trial results. While CAPOX proved feasible for advanced AoV carcinoma regardless of histologic subtype, its reduced effectiveness in second-line settings necessitates further research to determine its optimal palliative use.

Patients with pancreatic and nonpancreatic periampullary cancer have a similar prevalence of pathogenic cancer susceptibility variants. Germline susceptibility testing should be considered for patients with any periampullary cancer.

P=N/A, N=15, Recruiting, University of California, Irvine | Trial completion date: Apr 2024 --> Oct 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Oct 2024

P2, N=56, Active, not recruiting, Washington University School of Medicine | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=330 --> 56 | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 --> Jun 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 --> Jun 2024

The small number of positive FISH results in BB with equivocal cytology raises the question of the optimal criteria for malignancy. Using only polysomy could result in lower sensitivity.

Evaluation of HHLA2 expression in microsatellite stable and PD-L1-negative tumors may be useful for predicting the response of individuals to immunotherapy and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for immunotherapy in advanced-stage disease.

Therefore, STIM1 and SOX2 co-expression in tumor cells and intra-tumoral stroma could contribute to the development of PDAC and AAC. STIM1/SOX2 expression is linked to a bad prognosis in AAC.

P2, N=120, Not yet recruiting, UNICANCER

9%) and ld-ICC 0% (0/6) of which 3 patients were treated (Pemigatinib for cases clinical trial for 1case). A: The success rate of CGP (tissue) examination was 100% ( 1/ 1) for resection specimens 100% (9/9) for liver biopsy and 3/7 (4 . 9%) for biopsy. B: The median TMB was 3 (IQR 1-4) and the median number of variants detected was 4 (IQR .

These findings underscore the distinct genomic landscape of Chinese AMPAC patients and highlight the potential for targeted therapies based on the identified GAs.

Aged ≥71, tumor diameter ≥12 mm, pT≥2, PV+, V+, and pN+ were independent prognostic factors for poor RFS in patients with CAV. An additional therapeutic strategy may be desirable in CAV patients at high risk for recurrence.

The study established a nomogram based on the Lasso-Cox regression model for predicting recurrence in AC patients. Compared to a nomogram built via other methods, this one is more robust and accurate.

P=N/A, N=229, Completed, Imperial College London

Adjuvant chemotherapy was not administered, and the patient has been alive without recurrence for 7 years and 3 months. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the non-ampullary duodenum is very rare; however, a large cell type without lymph node metastasis may be a factor in the long-term prognosis.

P2, N=330, Recruiting, Washington University School of Medicine | N=240 --> 330

The results of drug sensitivity testing indicated that DPC-X4 cells were sensitive to paclitaxel and resistant to oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and gemcitabine. In addition, positive expression of E-cadherin and vimentin was identified in DPC-X4 cells, with a proliferation index indicated by Ki-67 at 70%. The findings of our study establish DPC-X4 as a novel mixed-type ampullary cancer cell line, which can serve as a potential experimental model for exploring the pathogenesis of ampullary cancer and the development of therapeutic drugs.

Classification using CDX2 revealed subtypes with distinct prognostic significance. Combining CK7 and CDX2 or adding CDX2 to CK7/CK20 is useful for distinguishing subtypes, predicting disease outcomes, and impacting the clinical management of patients with AoV cancer.

P=N/A, N=845, Recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University | Phase classification: P3 --> P=N/A

In this article, we review the approach to tissue acquisition and consideration for molecular testing. Common molecular targets of interest in ampullary cancer are also discussed in this review, including HER2/ERBB2, HER3, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, KRAS, and germline BRCA and ATM mutations, along with emerging and rarer alterations.

P2/3, N=150, Recruiting, Compass Therapeutics | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jul 2025