P=N/A, N=300, Recruiting, Beni-Suef University | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2026

P=N/A, N=20, Recruiting, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine; Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine

P=N/A, N=80, Not yet recruiting, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Ch

P=N/A, N=60, Completed, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University

P4, N=90, Not yet recruiting, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital; Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital

P2, N=90, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P2, N=7, Terminated, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Insufficient staff to conduct the trial

Nanomotors codelivered metformin and CRISPR/Cas9, synergistically reversing T-cell exhaustion and disrupting tumor tryptophan metabolism, a dual regulatory concept termed dual-output gear (DOG) therapy. In preclinical studies, the platform improved mitochondrial respiration of CD8+ T cells and significantly inhibited tumor growth. Beyond therapeutic efficacy, this work establishes a blueprint for intelligent biomaterial-based nanomotors, which highlights the potential of phase-separation engineering for fabricating next-generation nanomaterials: the modular Janus configuration enables facile customization, the use of natural membranes enhances compatibility, and the phase separation principle can be broadly extended to other delivery systems.

although individual treatments provided benefits, their combined use enhanced therapeutic outcomes through modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and androgenic activity in BPH management.

P1, N=32, Completed, Cairo University

Metformin modulates NADP+ levels to influence PARPi sensitivity in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer. Additionally, we developed a machine learning model to provide clinicians with personalized predictions for PARPi response.

Serine 440 (S440), located outside the kinase domain (representing over 55% of CIT-associated phospho-signalling events across 100 experimental conditions, including Enterovirus A71 infection, metformin, and interleukin-33), was identified as its predominant phosphosite...Aberrant phosphorylation of CIT_S440 observed across cancers of the breast, colon, and bladder suggests CIT_S440 as a potential onco-phosphosite critically involved in cellular checkpoint signalling. These findings suggest that CIT_S440 functions as a promising therapeutic target, and the phosphosite-centric regulatory network derived in this study could serve as a platform to evaluate its phosphosite-specific therapeutic interventions.