These systems have good prospects in improving the bioavailability of PTX, enhancing tumor targeting, reducing toxicity, controlling drug release, and reverse tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). This review provides valuable insights into the clinical development and application of PTX-targeted NDDS in the treatment of TNBC.

The additive effect of CTLA-4 knockdown together with Docetaxel treatment significantly downregulated BCL-2 level and upregulated BAX expression. Our findings support the idea that combining chemotherapy such as Docetaxel with efficient targeted therapy against inhibitory immune checkpoints can be a promising strategy in cancer treatment.

P2, N=25, Recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

P=N/A, N=168, Completed, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute | Recruiting --> Completed

Our ER stress model performed a valuable prediction on breast cancer patients.

circUBR5 knockdown facilitated miR-340-5p-targeted CMTM6 via a ceRNA mechanism, thereby reducing c-MYC-mediated ribosome biogenesis and accelerating chemosensitization of DTX-resistant TNBC cells, which offered a theoretical guideline for clinical research on the feasibility of inhibiting ribosome biogenesis to reduce TNBC chemoresistance.

Knockdown of FUNDC1 using shRNA in HEC-1B and Ishikawa EC cells inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, accompanied by enhanced chemotherapeutic susceptibility to carboplatin and paclitaxel. Accordingly, FUNDC1 could be a prospective prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for EC.

P1/2, N=48, Active, not recruiting, Zhuhai Beihai Biotech Co., Ltd

Knockout of the endogenous STT3 isoform in TNBC cells partially reduced the glycosylation status of CD24. Our results demonstrate the critical role of N-glycosylation of CD24 in weakening drug sensitivity by inhibiting ferroptosis, highlighting new insights that targeting N-glycosylation of CD24 has great potential to promote chemotherapy sensitivity and efficacy.

P=N/A, N=103, Recruiting, RenJi Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024

P2, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Beijing Biostar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.

The novelty of the study lies in the development of a precise and targeted therapeutic approach tailored to HER2-positive breast cancer, addressing critical gaps in current treatment modalities. Our findings underscore this innovative formulation's clinical relevance and translational potential, paving the way for personalised and effective therapies in HER2-positive breast cancer management.

Our study presents novel evidence regarding pertinent potential target genes and signaling pathways through which CMSP mediates its anti-GC effects, with a particular emphasis on its role in modulating apoptotic signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings underscore the promising candidacy of CMSP as a therapeutic agent for GC that merits further investigation in clinical contexts.

Importantly, the epithelial phenotype induced by low-dose Vit C rendered CR-CSCs sensitive to conventional treatments, enhancing chemosensitivity to Cisplatin, Paclitaxel, and 5-Fluorouracil by 60%-90%. These findings suggest that low dose Vit C could serve as an adjuvant to conventional therapeutic strategies for targeting advanced colorectal cancer by sensitizing CR-CSCs to chemotherapy and potentially reducing tumor recurrence.

This dynamic treatment not only led to nearly complete remission of high-grade ovarian serous cancer but also triggered regression in grade-2 invasive ductal breast cancer after just a few rounds of chemotherapy. Consequently, what started as palliative care evolved into a curative triumph.

Our findings determined that paclitaxel influences the choroid plexus through both direct and indirect mechanisms, resulting in inflammatory profile alterations. Given the pivotal role of the choroid plexus in brain homeostasis, a compromised choroid plexus following chemotherapy may facilitate the spread of peripheral inflammation into the brain, consequently exacerbating the development of neuropathic pain.

Combinatorial drug-drug interaction experiments demonstrated that dexamethasone antagonizes the potency of paclitaxel, a chemotherapy agent frequently used in the treatment of AGCT. Thus, gain-of-function pioneering activity contributes to the oncogenic mechanism of FOXL2-C134W and creates a potentially targetable synergy with glucocorticoid signaling.

Paclitaxel induces cognitive deficits through RIPK1-mediated necroptosis. The inhibition of necroptosis may be a potential therapeutic approach to reduce paclitaxel-induced cognitive deficits.

The patient was diagnosed as having stage IV HER2-positive breast cancer, which was treated with a regimen of trastuzumab (8 mg/kg), pertuzumab (first dose: 840 mg; second dose onward: 420 mg) and docetaxel (75 mg/m2) every 3 weeks. After 4 months of chemotherapy, the patient received complete remission. In conclusion, concomitant use of rifampicin and clarithromycin may increase the blood concentration of docetaxel.

This study uncovers a paracrine mechanism of chemoresistance in PCa and proposes that targeting the stroma could be a therapeutic choice.

Here, we employed drug-sensitivity assays, including IC50 calculations, in vitro and in vivo models with various chemotherapeutics, and paclitaxel (PTX) as a representative agent, combined with transcriptomic/proteomic sequencing and clinical prognostic analysis, to identify MDR-related genes and validate their relevance, with the objective of establishing the correlation between PFOS/6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure and MDR in PC at molecular, cellular, and animal model levels...These data suggest that exposure to PFAS may elevate the risk of MDR and subsequent disease progression. Although marketed as a safer alternative to PFOS, the notable impact of 6:2 Cl-PFESA on MDR highlights the necessity for a comprehensive assessment of its potential carcinogenic risks.

DYRK2 plays a pivotal role in overcoming docetaxel resistance in breast cancer cells by suppressing Twist1 expression through ubiquitination, impacting downstream signaling and cellular responses. This study provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapies to improve breast cancer treatment outcomes.

This study reports, for the first time, mechanistic findings through which the combination of CXCR1/2 inhibition and docetaxel chemotherapy exhibits synergy in models of HPV-negative HNSCC. These findings provide rationale for the use of this novel combination approach to treat HPV-negative HNSCC patients and for future combination studies of CXCR1/2 inhibition, docetaxel, and immune-based therapies.

Our results verified that XIST played a significant role in developing chemoresistance via mediating autophagy in PTX-resistant breast cancer cells. It may be a potential target for breast cancer treatment strategies.

P=N/A, N=192, Active, not recruiting, University College, London | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2030 --> Oct 2030 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Nov 2024

Additionally, patients in the low-risk group exhibited improved response to TACE and sorafenib treatments compared to the high-risk group. In contrast, the high-risk group exhibited reduced sensitivity to immunotherapy and increased sensitivity to paclitaxel. In the in-house cohort, high-risk patients displayed higher rates of early recurrence, along with an increased frequency of elevated alpha-fetoprotein, microvascular invasion, and aggressive MRI features associated with HCC. This study has successfully developed a risk score based on MTM and VETC-related genes, providing a promising tool for prognosis prediction and personalized treatment strategies in HCC patients.

However, the GX regimen should be considered in patients who cannot tolerate hematological toxicity. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02207335.

Most interestingly, the triplet treatment exhibited a safer toxicological profile than the doublet (vinorelbine plus carboplatin) currently applied in the clinical practice. Altogether, these preclinical data support the possibility of repurposing pirfenidone in combination with vinorelbine or with vinorelbine plus carboplatin for NSCLC perioperative treatment, improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing toxicity.

The resistance of MM stem-like cells to ATRA can be attenuated by RES and combined applications of ATRA and RES provide a promising strategy for MM treatment.

Combined treatment of PTX-resistant A549 cells with ivermectin and PTX may circumvent PTX resistance caused by P-gp induction, highlighting a novel therapeutic avenue for drug repurposing.

Additionally, this study is the first to demonstrate MKRN1 as a downstream gene of KDM7A, showing significant inhibitory effects in both taxol-resistant and drug-sensitive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. This research offers new insights into the anticancer mechanisms of KDM7A inhibitors and underscores KDM7A's potential as a therapeutic target against TNBC.

The impact of ATM on secretory granules confirms previous ATM-null cerebellar transcriptome findings. This study provides the first link of A-T neural atrophy to growth cone collapse and aberrant microtubule dynamics.

Both MBZ and paclitaxel treatments inhibited of cell proliferation and microtubule formation by reducing the PI3K/AKT pathway in CAL-27 and UM-SCC-1 cells, with the combination demonstrating synergistic effects. Our study suggests MBZ and paclitaxel as potential agents for the treatment of OTSCC.

Taken together, APO-3 presented antitumor action against 4T1 cells, but the APO-3/PTX combination was more effective than either substance alone.

Based on the consensus observed, the steering group developed a set of recommendations for the clinical utility of ADT+DOCE+ARTA in treating patients with mHSPC in the UK. Following these recommendations enables clinicians to identify appropriate patients with mHSPC for triplet treatment, thereby improving patients' outcomes.

P3, N=168, Recruiting, Shanghai Yizhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 --> Dec 2025

PAF1 depletion was also associated with decreased pluripotent TFs and other CSC markers. This study provides a novel regulatory mechanism of docetaxel resistance in PCa through PAF1 and establishes clinically relevant docetaxel-resistant PCa cell lines.

These results suggest that SLFN12 overexpression significantly affects the expressions of genes driving phenotypic changes in response to chemotherapy and influences additional SLFN family members following IFN-α2 treatment. This may contribute to improving the survival of patients with SLFN12 overexpression. Additionally, patient SLFN12 levels can be used as a factor when pursuing personalized chemotherapy treatments.

Compound D2 effectively reversed MDR to paclitaxel and cisplatin in A2780/T, A2780/CDDP and A549/T cell lines. The treatment with D2 increased the intracellular accumulation of Rh123 and inhibited P-gp-mediated drug efflux of Rh123 in A2780/T cells. Therefore, compound D2 exhibits promising potential in overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) induced by P-gp in cancer.

P3, N=95, Active, not recruiting, Alicia Lenzen | Unknown status --> Active, not recruiting | N=160 --> 95 | Trial completion date: Apr 2021 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2020 --> Aug 2025

This is a retrospective study including patients with stage III breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of doxorubicin 60 mg/m² plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m², followed by paclitaxel 175 mg/m² every two weeks at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital and Hanoi Oncology Hospital between January 2015 and December 2022. Low cT stage, grade 3, and hormone receptor-negative status were independent predictors of pCR. Hormone receptor-positive status and pCR were independent prognostic factors for better EFS, while hormone receptor-positive status was the only independent prognostic factor for better OS.

Among 69 patients with complete treatment information, 58 received platinum-based chemotherapy, with paclitaxel being the most commonly used combination chemotherapy drug (n = 25), followed by pemetrexed (n = 21). Paclitaxel with immunotherapy may have better benefits as a first-line treatment. Anatomic location and immunotherapy use are prognostic factors.