TSLP (Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin)

Elevated TSLP and IL-6 suggest that epithelial stress and innate immune activation remain key drivers. Reduced IL-23 and IL-2 under stimulation indicate altered adaptive immune responsiveness in AD patients.

Tezepelumab, a therapeutic antibody that targets TSLP, has been approved for the treatment of severe asthma, and clinical trials are ongoing for other diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we focus on the differences between lfTSLP and sfTSLP and the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TSLP.

These findings suggest that postbiotics derived from canine-derived Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DS008 is a potential candidate with anti-inflammatory properties.

This study identifies a novel gene signature linked to LPS metabolism and circadian disruption in NSCLC, with validated diagnostic utility and implications for tumor immune regulation. CACNA2D2 emerges as a key tumor suppressor, offering insights for early detection and targeted therapy development.

In conclusion, six immune-related and three metabolism-related genes were identified as prognostic markers of LUSC, with their expression levels significantly associated with the survival rate. The resulting model demonstrates strong predictive power and is expected to help guide treatment strategy decisions.

By conducting transcriptomic identity, lineage-traced ontogeny, surface marker expression and functional studies, we identified and characterized this DC population. Our data demonstrated that TSLP acts on transitional dendritic cell-derived DC2 to promote GATA3+ eTreg cells, thus uncovering a previously unrecognized tolerogenic axis in promoting immunosuppression, which is likely conserved in humans, across contexts of inflammation and cancer.

This study is the first to demonstrate that MOE alleviates respiratory inflammation and allergic asthma by targeting the TRPV1/NFAT/TSLP pathway, with honokiol preliminarily identified as its key bioactive component. These findings clarify the pharmacodynamic basis of MOE and propose a novel plant-derived candidate for asthma therapy.

Finally, as we previously reported on the relevance of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in GBM pathophysiology, here, we found that TSLP upregulated CHRM3 expression. Our findings highlight the importance of the cholinergic system in the tumor microenvironment, where it may act directly on tumor cells or influence neutrophil physiology, thereby modulating tumor progression.

Collectively, CLE exhibited potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent by attenuating oxidative stress, downregulating inflammatory mediators, enhancing skin barrier function in vitro, and reducing ear edema in vivo.

In addition, anti-tumor ILC2s under the influence of the tumor microenvironment may become dysfunctional, ultimately resulting in tumor-progression. Understanding the specific cancer context and considering the similarities as well as the distinctive features of the two lymphoid type-2 cell subsets is essential for developing effective immunotherapeutic strategies by targeting the IL-1 and IL-33 cytokines.

Collectively, these findings demonstrate that IL-37 serves as a crucial immunomodulator in respiratory diseases, and targeting IL-37 offers novel insights and strategic opportunities for clinical intervention. This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms of IL-37 and discusses its clinical therapeutic potential.

This study unveils a complex bidirectional relationship between circulating inflammatory factors and osteoporotic pathological fractures. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and offer important clues for potential preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies.