TSG101 (Tumor Susceptibility 101)

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC)...The circular structure, stability, and subcellular localization of circ-0023919 were confirmed using a combination of approaches, including actinomycin D treatment, RNase R digestion, specific primer PCR amplification, Sanger sequencing and FISH...In this scientific study, circ-0023919 is shown to enhance the resistance of CRC cells to 5-Fu by promoting EMT. Thus, circ-0023919 is considered a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.

Cells were treated with 20 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 4 days, and physicochemical properties of Exos were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and western blotting. The expression of genes such as ALIX, CD63, TSG101, Rab27a, and Rab27b, along with aging factor senescence-associated

Directly from human plasma, detection limits of 1.97 × 105 EVs/mL, 1.94 × 106 EVs/mL, and 2.17 × 104 EVs/mL for TGF-β1, AKT1, and TSG101 were achieved. These results demonstrate the suitability of sNEM for highly sensitive, multiplexed detection of EV markers from complex biofluids for early diagnostics while offering advantages such as low reagent/sample consumption, scalability, reduced sample preparation, and ease of use.

These findings indicate that CD9 is a promising marker for plasma-derived small EVs and that an elevated number of small EVs is associated with established PE but has limited predictive value in early pregnancy. Further studies are required to elucidate the cellular origin and clinical implications of small EVs in PE.

Moreover, Apcmin/+:Tsg101ΔAd mice were protected against HFD-induced enhanced tumorigenesis. Collectively, this study identifies adipocyte EVs, and its metabolic cargo, as an important regulator of CRC cell metabolism and function, promoting intestinal tumorigenesis.

We demonstrate proof of principle of using hCEC-derived sEVs for delivery of potential therapeutic agents to the mouse CE in vivo via intracameral injection. Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

Our findings highlight the differential expression of miRNAs in EVs and the serum, emphasizing the diagnostic potential of EV-associated Let-7a-5p and miR-21-3p in lung cancer. These results suggest that EVs are a more robust source for miRNA biomarkers compared to the serum.

Mechanistic validation demonstrated that circ_0008039 regulated CRC cell proliferation, stemness maintenance and ferroptosis through the modulation of the miR-302e/SLC7A11 axis. The Circ_0008039/miR-302e/SLC7A11 axis plays a pivotal role in facilitating the proliferation and maintenance of stemness in CRC cells, while enhancing resistance to ferroptosis.

As conclusion, sublethal Doxorubicin reprograms melanoma-derived EVs by enhancing their production and enriching their cargo with profibrotic and immunomodulatory mediators. These vesicles may contribute to tumor progression and cardiovascular physiopathology, suggesting that targeting EVs could improve therapeutic outcomes in cancer and cardiovascular disease.

The soluble form is absent in the sEVs released from the bone metastatic line C4-2B, which only contains the membrane-bound form. Our results suggest that ST6GAL1 in sEVs derived from PrCa cells may potentially play a role in promoting bone metastasis by facilitating the formation of the pre-metastatic niche.

To assess the drug delivery capability, doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into NK-NVs (NK-NVs-DOX) using various loading strategies, including co-incubation, sonication, extrusion, and electroporation...Their pH-sensitive drug release enhances drug loading stability. These advantages establish NK-NVs as a promising and scalable platform for tumor immunotherapy and drug delivery with significant clinical potential.

Hypoxia-induced exosomal METTL14 supports the proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis of TNBC cells through regulating TRIM16-mediated FGF7 ubiquitination, providing a promising therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.