^
    7d
    Thyroid Hormone Replacement After Radio Iodine: Value and Efficacy (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=40, Not yet recruiting, University Medical Center Groningen | Trial completion date: Aug 2026 --> Dec 2028 | Trial primary completion date: May 2026 --> Mar 2028
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    7d
    Various genetic alterations observed in both benign and malignant oncocytic (Hürthle cell) neoplasms of the thyroid. (PubMed, Cytojournal)
    However, notably, certain mutations were exclusive to specific groups, such as B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF), anaplastic lymphoma kinase/echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (ALK/EML4), and paired box 8 - peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PAX8-PPARG) in OPTCs or EIF1AX in OCs. Importantly, only 3.6% (1/28) of malignant OPTC/ONs were tested negative on molecular analysis, suggesting that ONs with negative molecular test results are more likely to be benign than malignant.
    Journal
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • EML4 (EMAP Like 4) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • RAF1 (Raf-1 Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine Kinase) • PPARG (Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma) • PAX8 (Paired box 8) • EIF1AX (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 1A X-Linked)
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    BRAF mutation
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    ThyGeNEXT® + ThyraMIR®
    22d
    Genomic Characterization of Oncocytic Carcinoma of the Thyroid Using a Large Multi-Institutional Database. (PubMed, Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg)
    The genomic landscape of OCA is marked by frequent TERT promoter mutations and distinct mutational patterns associated with patient gender and tumor metastatic status. These findings highlight potential molecular subtypes, reveal pathways potentially driving metastasis (eg, involving MEN1/TSC2), and identify novel sex-specific alterations (MST1R, PRKDC), offering avenues for improved development of targeted therapeutic strategies for OCA.
    Journal
    |
    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • NF1 (Neurofibromin 1) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • KMT2D (Lysine Methyltransferase 2D) • TSC2 (TSC complex subunit 2) • CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) • DAXX (Death-domain associated protein) • PRKDC (Protein Kinase, DNA-Activated, Catalytic Subunit) • PCLO (Piccolo Presynaptic Cytomatrix Protein) • MST1R (Macrophage Stimulating 1 Receptor)
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    TP53 mutation • PTEN mutation
    2ms
    Loss of heterozygosity exposes germline mutations in complex I and drives Warburg metabolism in oncocytic carcinoma of the thyroid. (PubMed, bioRxiv)
    These findings unveil a new germline-driven mechanism of complex I loss and metabolic reprogramming in cancer, and provide further evidence of the strong selective pressure for complex I impairment in OCT. Germline mutations in complex I induce aerobic glycolysis in oncocytic carcinoma of the thyroid through somatic loss of heterozygosity.
    Journal
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    NDUFS1 (NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S1)
    4ms
    Vudalimab for the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer or Hurthle Cell Thyroid Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=54, Active, not recruiting, Northwestern University | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2026
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule)
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    BRAF V600E
    |
    vudalimab (XmAb717)
    4ms
    Malignant struma ovarii: clinicopathological and molecular features in a series of nine cases. (PubMed, Virchows Arch)
    In conclusions, MSO shares histomolecular overlap with primary thyroid carcinoma, validating WHO 2022 thyroid tumor classification for risk stratification in struma ovarii. Conservative surgical management achieves excellent outcomes in low-grade cases.
    Journal • BRCA Biomarker
    |
    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • KMT2C (Lysine Methyltransferase 2C) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus) • NCAM1 (Neural cell adhesion molecule 1) • NKX2-1 (NK2 Homeobox 1) • KRT19 (Keratin 19) • PAX8 (Paired box 8) • EIF1AX (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 1A X-Linked)
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    BRAF mutation • RET fusion • PTEN mutation • RET mutation • HRAS mutation • NRAS Q61 • BRAF G469A
    4ms
    Macrophage abundance in oncocytic thyroid cancer is associated with PD-L1 expression. (PubMed, Endocr Oncol)
    Marked PD-L1 upregulation in widely invasive OTC suggests immune checkpoint inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy. Larger, independent studies will be critical to validate these findings.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD68 (CD68 Molecule)
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    PD-L1 expression
    4ms
    PDR001 Combination Therapy for Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=19, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Sep 2025 --> Sep 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2025 --> Sep 2026
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • BRAF V600K
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    Mekinist (trametinib) • Tafinlar (dabrafenib) • spartalizumab (PDR001)
    5ms
    Lenvatinib in Locally Advanced Invasive Thyroid Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=30, Active, not recruiting, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Nov 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Oct 2025
    Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    Lenvima (lenvatinib)
    5ms
    Dual-tracer 18F-FDG and 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide PET/CT imaging in oncocytic thyroid adenoma: a case report and literature review. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne))
    A 44-year-old female presenting with ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome (morning cortisol 632.8 nmol/L, non-suppressed on dexamethasone suppression tests) underwent comprehensive endocrine evaluation...The discordant uptake patterns suggest distinct metabolic pathways in OA pathophysiology. Prospective multicenter studies with larger cohorts are warranted to establish standardized diagnostic criteria and explore theranostic applications of these imaging biomarkers in OA.
    Review • Journal
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    SSTR2 (Somatostatin Receptor 2)
    |
    dexamethasone
    6ms
    Oncocytic Thyroid Tumours With Pathogenic FLCN Mutations Mimic Oncocytic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma on Fine-Needle Aspiration. (PubMed, Cytopathology)
    Thyroid tumours harbouring FLCN mutations with oncocytic features may mimic PTC cytologically. Although rare, correct diagnosis of these tumours is essential to ensure appropriate treatment. For early detection, patients with BHD may benefit from thyroid ultrasound surveillance.
    Journal
    |
    FLCN (Folliculin)
    7ms
    Multiple Target Kinase Inhibitor and Anti-Programmed Death-1 Antibody in Patients With Advanced Thyroid Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=103, Completed, Fudan University | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date