Thymoma

P2, N=20, Completed, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University

Accurate recognition required integration of histopathology, immunofluorescence, and serological testing, achieved through multidisciplinary collaboration across thoracic surgery, neurology, dermatology, and pathology. Clinicians should remain vigilant for such complex presentations, as early diagnosis and coordinated management are essential to improving outcomes in rare autoimmune-associated CD.

Moreover, the "original-shape-flatness" and "wavelet-LHL-first-order-Median" were the most strongly correlated with CD117 and TDT expression, and the combined model of the two demonstrated predictive efficacy for CD117/TDT expression and risk groups in training and validation cohorts. This study highlights that radiomics and biomarker-associated features can serve as a non-invasive predictive biomarker for TET patients.

Four patients remained alive and well at 18 months postoperatively while 3 patients were lost to follow-up. The current cases represent a previously undescribed variant of spindle cell thymoma that may pose diagnostic challenges and give rise to a wide differential diagnosis.

Thymoma-associated multilineage cytopenias are heterogeneous, frequently relapsing, and driven by complex T-cell-mediated immune dysregulation. Comprehensive evaluation and individualized immunosuppressive therapy are essential for management.

Our findings reveal a disease-defining autoantibody repertoire in paraneoplastic pemphigus that corresponds with clinical manifestations and holds high potential for early cancer detection in patients with blistering disease.

In addition, four out of five clones exhibited upregulated transcription of IL-2 in the salivary glands of T/B cell-deficient RAG2-/- mice, suggesting that autoreactive T cells were enriched in the DP T cell population of SATB1cKO mice. These results suggest that unusual DP T cells in SATB1cKO mice may be involved in autoimmune pathogenesis in SATB1cKO mice.

P=N/A, N=70, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

CYFRA 21-1 emerges as a reliable diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing TC from other thymic masses. Moreover, it holds promise for prognosis evaluation and potentially for recurrence surveillance.

Knowledge of the immune cell composition and the tumor immune microenvironment of TETs is essential to understand the risks of paraneoplastic autoimmunity and treatment-related toxicity in the era of immunotherapy. This review synthesizes recent advances in thymic biology and tumor immunology to frame the immune landscape of TETs.

P2, N=18, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026

Using genetic methodologies, we identified a robust link between immune cells and both benign and malignant thymic tumors. This study highlights the distinct immune phenotypes between benign and malignant thymic tumors, shedding light on their immunological mechanisms and suggesting new avenues for clinical immunotherapy.