THBS2 (Thrombospondin 2)

The proteins were differentially expressed in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis with papillary thyroid carcinoma compared to those with benign nodules. COL12A1, as a key molecule with potential differential diagnostic value, provides a promising target for future research and validation.

Collectively, these findings highlight the critical role of CAF heterogeneity and spatial organization in modulating the response to anti-PD-1 therapy. Targeting subtype-specific stromal modules may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in breast cancer.

They were mainly distributed among specific immune cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblast populations, and showed significant associations with the infiltration levels of multiple immune cell subtypes. These findings may facilitate risk stratification and early diagnosis in populations at high risk for MetS-associated GC, and provide a foundation for targeted prevention and mechanistic studies.

THBS2 acts as an oncogene in PCa by promoting proliferation, invasion, and EMT via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway in cooperation with INHBA. These findings highlight THBS2 as a promising biomarker for PCa.

Elevated mRNA levels of EMP3, THBS2, and ITGA5 were significantly correlated with poorer overall survival. Fn and Pg can promote invasive phenotypes in CRC through distinct mechanisms, each modulating a unique subset of p-EMT and without instigating a complete, coordinated EMT gene signature.

Ectopic expressions of DNMT1 impose an epigenetic checkpoint at those target loci by methylation of promoter DNA of the respective genes. We conclude that, gene specific hypomethylation of some genes, including COL1A1, COL1A2, COL4A1, SPP1, SPARC, and THBS2 drives COAD and would serve as potential markers for COAD screening.

Furthermore, depletion of THBS2+ fibroblasts enhanced polyp formation but suppressed tumor formation in a thymidine kinase 1/ganciclovir/azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium mouse model. The comprehensive multi-omics atlas and complementary data presented here will advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying CRC malignant transformation and may provide a potential therapeutic target.

Adding ANPEP and PIGR to a plasma biomarker panel of CA19-9 and THBS2 enhances the detection of early-stage PDAC when comparing cancer versus healthy or nonmalignant DC. Given the concordance of our data in two retrospective phase II studies, assessments in prediagnostic cases are warranted.

Moreover, SULF1 silencing enhances sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. In conclusion, targeting SULF1 and its regulatory network may provide new therapeutic strategies for CC.

Together, these results identify a synaptically specialized OPC population in both developing and adult human cortex and reveal that eSyn-OPCs possess unexpectedly rich synaptic signaling machinery. These findings suggest that human OPCs may participate directly in neuron-glia communication during early cortical development and raise the possibility of developmental stage-specific roles for eSyn-OPCs in shaping neural circuit formation.

This TWAS identified novel genes for MD phenotypes and breast cancer risk, and prioritized genes at known GWAS loci that are likely to be causally associated through their expression levels in mammary epithelial, fibroblast, or adipocyte cells. Disentangling the distinct effects of gene expression in different mammary cell types through cell-type-aware analysis can yield new gene discoveries and insights into the biological basis of dense vs. nondense breast tissue.