SSTR2 (Somatostatin Receptor 2)

PRNETs, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal masses, particularly in patients with congenital renal abnormalities such as horseshoe kidney. Nephron-sparing surgery may be a feasible option in selected cases, with favorable short-term outcomes. Long-term follow-up is essential due to the potential for delayed metastasis. Immunohistochemical profiling plays a critical role in diagnosis and therapeutic planning, especially regarding the potential use of somatostatin analogs.

177Lu-therapies are restricted to 7 countries, and the availability of [131I]MIBG remains limited...Sustained investment in facilities, training, and regulatory frameworks is essential to achieve equitable access to care. IAEA's regional anchor centers as part of the Rays of Hope initiative exemplifies strategic capacity building, collaboration, and knowledge sharing in the region.

These findings highlight the heterogeneity within GH&PRL-PitNETs, including silent PRL-positive GH PitNETs. Our data suggest mixed-SL tumors may be less responsive to somatostatin receptor ligands, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies based on tumor subtype and receptor profile.

Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have enabled significant advances in oligonucleotide (ON) therapeutics, resulting in the approval of the short interfering RNA (siRNA)-based formulation Onpattro...By altering the targeting peptide and siRNA combination, it could be adapted for diverse tumors and combination treatments. Additionally, palmitic acid inclusion further enhanced cytotoxicity in palmitate-sensitive cells, offering additional therapeutic advantages.

The present study provided new data on the location of SSTR in the human lung: notably, all types of receptor were found in the parasympathetic nerve ganglia of the bronchial wall. We suggest that the activation of prejunctional SSTR3 and SSTR5 receptors potentiates cholinergic-nerve-mediated contraction induced by EFS in human bronchi.

Given the lack of significant effects on direct DNA repair or transcriptomic responses, our findings suggest that HSP90 inhibition radiosensitizes NET cells by inducing a pleiotropic effect on multiple stress-related pathways at the protein level, rather than solely through disruption of DNA damage response mechanisms. This effect is likely driven by loss of HSP90 function and subsequent cumulated unfolded protein and proteotoxic stress.

In conclusion, our results suggest that FLNA may be associated with tumor invasiveness in GH-secreting pituitary tumors. While data on Pasireotide-treated patients are exploratory, further studies are needed to assess FLNA's potential as a treatment response marker in acromegaly.

Cell-specific optogenetic stimulation studies identified that injured SSTR2 + sensory axons in neuromas are the triggers of spontaneous limb flicks/neuropathic pain. These findings reveal the mechanisms of spontaneous neuropathic pain and open new therapeutic opportunities.

After undergoing surgical resection, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and systemic chemotherapy (cisplatin/etoposide), the patient experienced disease progression, prompting the initiation of targeted therapy with sunitinib...While initial tumor regression was observed, subsequent progression necessitated further stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and temozolomide. This case highlights the therapeutic potential of PRRT with Lu-177 DOTATATE in treating refractory SSTR-expressing ENB. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates surgery, radiotherapy, systemic therapy, and theragnostic strategies remains essential to optimizing patient outcomes.

NETG3 with glandular formation can be difficult to distinguish from MiNEN because their histological features overlap. However, gastric NETG3 with glandular formation is distinguishable from MiNEN by the presence of a submucosal tumor with a histological organoid pattern without frequent mitoses and/or necrosis, immunopositivity for neuroendocrine markers, and the absence of an adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine carcinoma component within the tumor, as determined by immunohistochemistry for somatostatin receptor 2 expression, Ki-67, and Rb1.

From August 2019 to October 2020, he received long-acting octreotide and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), achieving stable disease...In September 2022, oral surufatinib was initiated but paused in September 2023 due to adverse effects...This case demonstrates that everolimus can induce SSTR re-expression in advanced, SSTR-negative pNETs, offering new therapeutic possibilities. The "induction plus re-evaluation" approach could guide personalized treatment strategies in late-stage pNETs, although further studies are needed to validate this approach.