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    GENE:

    SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)

    i
    Other names: SQLE, Squalene Epoxidase, Squalene Monooxygenase, SE, ERG1
    Associations

    News

    Trials
    1m
    Multi-Omics Integration Identifies the Cholesterol Metabolic Enzyme DHCR24 as a Key Driver in Breast Cancer. (PubMed, Biology (Basel))
    Mechanistically, DHCR24 depletion upregulated TP53 and downregulated SQLE. This study establishes DHCR24 as a pivotal metabolic-immune node and a promising therapeutic target for disrupting the cholesterol-immune axis in luminal and HER2+ BC.
    Journal
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    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    2ms
    Multi-cohort analysis and experimental study on the function of squalene epoxidase as a ferroptosis inhibitor in HCC. (PubMed, BMC Cancer)
    Knockdown of PARP2 significantly mitigated SQLE-induced cholesterol accumulation and cellular proliferation. This study illustrates the role of SQLE as a ferroptosis inhibitor in HCC, offering novel insights into the prognostic evaluation and molecular mechanisms underlying HCC.
    Journal • PARP Biomarker
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    PARP2 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 2) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    3ms
    Repurposing Ammi visnaga Furanocoumarins as Potent Squalene Epoxidase Inhibitors to Disrupt Lipid Metabolism: An Integrated Phytochemical, In Vitro, and In Silico Study. (PubMed, Mol Biotechnol)
    Overall, these data suggest that naturally derived coumarins from Ammi visnaga-especially khellol, khellin, and visnagin-can effectively target SQLE, highlighting their potential for antifungal and possibly anticancer applications. This study illustrates the value of integrating phytochemical isolation, in silico repurposing, enzyme-based screening, and advanced MD simulation workflows to accelerate the discovery of promising new inhibitors from medicinal plants.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    3ms
    SQLE drives bladder cancer progression by boosting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (PubMed, Oncogene)
    Treatment with the SQLE inhibitor terbinafine effectively blocks this process, providing a potential therapeutic strategy to inhibit tumor progression. The Graphical Abstract was created using Smart.Servie ( https://smart.servier.com/citation-sharing/ ).
    Journal
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    SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase) • TFAM (Transcription Factor A, Mitochondrial)
    3ms
    Lead-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat Hepatocytes: a Transcriptomic Network Analysis Reveals Key Molecular Insights. (PubMed, Biol Trace Elem Res)
    This study establishes a comprehensive molecular framework for Pb hepatotoxicity, revealing novel mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic targets for heavy metal-induced liver injury. The identified hub genes and pathways provide a valuable resource for future toxicological investigations and intervention strategies.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    TOP2A (DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha) • AURKA (Aurora kinase A) • PLK1 (Polo Like Kinase 1) • ALDH1A1 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member A1) • AURKB (Aurora Kinase B) • CCNA2 (Cyclin A2) • FASN (Fatty acid synthase) • IL17A (Interleukin 17A) • CDK1 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 1) • KIF11 (Kinesin Family Member 11) • BUB1B (BUB1 Mitotic Checkpoint Serine/Threonine Kinase B) • CCNB1 (Cyclin B1) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase) • UGT2A1 (UDP Glucuronosyltransferase Family 2 Member A1 Complex Locus)
    5ms
    Targeting SQLE-mediated cholesterol metabolism to enhance CD8+ T cell activation and immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PubMed, J Immunother Cancer)
    Targeting tumorous SQLE restores CD8+ T cell function by overcoming cholesterol restrictions via oxysterol-SREBP2 signaling, highlighting SQLE as a potential therapeutic target to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in HCC.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    6ms
    Involvement of Ductal Reaction in Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-Phthalate-Caused Hepatic Fibrosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Intervention Strategies. (PubMed, Chem Biol Interact)
    Finally, we found that, targeted intervention of SQLE by luteolin prevented the DEHP induced EMT, DR, and hepatic fibrosis. Our present study offered new insights into environmental toxin-induced hepatobiliary diseases and suggested a potential key intervention target/approach for the prevention of hepatic fibrosis.
    Journal
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    SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    6ms
    A novel, synthesized, amphiphilic ethylene glycol squalene derivative suppresses BBN-induced bladder carcinogenesis. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
    This study is the first to demonstrate that SQ-diEG significantly reduces bladder cancer in a BBN mouse model, highlighting potential for therapeutic development. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and long-term efficacy of SQ-diEG.
    Journal
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    SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    7ms
    Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 upregulates SQLE to reprogram cholesterol metabolism of ovarian cancer cells. (PubMed, iScience)
    Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction between SQLE and farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1), another rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol metabolism. These findings suggest that 20(S)-Rg3 exerts anti-ovarian cancer effects by HIF-1α/SQLE/FDFT1 to reprogram cholesterol metabolism.
    Journal
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    HIF1A (Hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit) • FDFT1 (Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase 1) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    7ms
    Causal Association Between Immune Cell Traits and Risk of Multiple Malignant and Nonmalignant CNS Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis. (PubMed, Brain Behav)
    Our findings identified causal effects of distinct ICTs on both malignant and nonmalignant brain diseases and underscored the pivotal role of neuroinflammation in their etiology. With combined evidence from eQTL and scRNA-seq, GBM could be better characterized and managed.
    Journal
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    7ms
    Metabolism archetype cancer cells induce protumor TREM2+ macrophages via oxLDL-mediated metabolic interplay in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PubMed, Nat Commun)
    Importantly, cancer cell-intrinsic SQLE and TREM2+ TAMs are associated with inferior immunotherapy response in human and mouse HCC. Our results highlight an oxLDL-mediated metabolic interplay between cancer cells and TREM2+ TAMs, offering a promising therapeutic avenue for HCC immunotherapies.
    Journal • IO biomarker
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    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CEBPA (CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha) • SYK (Spleen tyrosine kinase) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)
    7ms
    Mechanism of Hezi Decoction in reducing toxic side effects of Euphoriae Ebracteolata Radix on intestine based on proteomics (PubMed, Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi)
    This finding aligned with the proteomic outcomes, indicating that claudin 3 protein levels could serve as a crucial indicator for intestinal damage caused by EER. In summary, HZD-processed EER can reduce EER's intestinal toxicity, and the primary mechanism for its alleviation of intestinal barrier damage is the regulation of the intestinal barrier tight junction protein claudin 3 and other intestinal-related proteins.
    Journal • Adverse events
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    TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • CLU (Clusterin) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta) • CLDN3 (Claudin 3) • SQLE (Squalene Epoxidase)