Small Intestinal Carcinoma

P1/2, N=107, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025

Our data regarding the LS to LLS ratio would be useful for genetic counseling in patients who are suspected to have LS, though the genetic backgrounds for the pathogenesis of LLS need further investigation.

P2, N=56, Active, not recruiting, Washington University School of Medicine | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=330 --> 56 | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 --> Jun 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 --> Jun 2024

P2, N=49, Completed, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=71 --> 49 | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 --> Apr 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2025 --> Apr 2024

These traits include "CCR2 on CD14- CD16+ monocyte," "CD19 on IgD+ CD38-," "CD19 on IgD+ CD38- naive," "CD25hi CD45RA+ CD4 not Treg AC," "CD27 on unsw mem," "CD28 on CD39+ activated Treg," and "CD45 on CD4+." This study elucidates a causal link between immune cells and gastrointestinal tract cancers at various sites through genetic investigation. The findings of this research open up new perspectives and resources for exploring tumor prevention strategies and immunotherapeutic targets.

The cost-effectiveness of TADs can vary by cancers. Using analytic tools such as external controls and BHMs can tackle several challenges in assessing the value of TADs and uncertainties from basket trials.

Flow cytometry of PIGA-mutant adenoma-derived and CRISPR-edited duodenal organoids confirmed loss of GPI anchors in duodenal epithelial cells and transcriptional profiling of duodenal adenomas revealed transcriptional signatures associated with loss of PIGA. Implications: PIGA somatic mutation in duodenal tumours from patients with FAP and MAP and loss of membrane GPI-anchors may present new opportunities for understanding and intervention in duodenal tumorigenesis.

Our findings demonstrate that mutations in JAK3 and STAT5B of the JAK/STAT pathway and inactivation of the oncogene SETD2 markedly contribute to the lymphomagenesis of MEITL.

P2, N=120, Not yet recruiting, UNICANCER

Treatment involves platinum-based chemotherapy with a 5-fluorouracil combination, but the lack of effective chemotherapy contributes to a generally poor prognosis...The presence of PD-L1 and programmed cell death 1, along with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, plays a crucial role in the complex microenvironment of SBA and contributes to a more favorable prognosis, especially in the context of high MSI tumors. Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are identified as independent prognostic indicators and the association between MSI status and a favorable prognosis, emphasizes the importance of evaluating the immune status of tumors for treatment decisions.

This study provides clinical characteristics of patients with PSIL. Thicker intestinal wall and aneurismal dilation detected on CT scan and deeper ulcer on DBE examination helps to establish a diagnosis of DLBCL.

CDX2 may play an important role as an tumor suppressor gene in the development of duodenal cancer. CDX2 can be used as an important factor for evaluating the prognosis of patients with duodenal cancer, and it has the potential to be a target for duodenal cancer therapy.

However, surgery for advanced cancer is highly invasive. It is desirable to detect the tumors at an early stage so that they can be resected via a less invasive treatment method such as endoscopic resection or laparoscopic surgery with an endoscope.

The study found that in SBA tissues, the most commonly alternated genes were TP53, KRAS, and APC, and the most frequently affected pathways were RTK-RAS-MAPK, TP53, and WNT. Notably, the RTK-RAS-MAPK pathway was identified as a potential biomarker that could be targeted for treatment. Then, we validated the gene mutation profiling of ctDNA extracted from SBA patients exhibited the same characteristics as tissue samples for the first time. Subsequently, we applied ctDNA analysis on a terminal-stage patient who had shown no response to previous chemotherapy. After detecting alterations in the RTK-RAS-MAPK pathway in the ctDNA, the patient was treated with MEK + EGFR inhibitors and achieved a tumor shrinkage rate of 76.33%. Our study utilized the largest Chinese SBA cohort to uncover the molecular characteristics of this disease, which might facilitate clinical decision making for SBA patients.

P=N/A, N=10, Recruiting, Washington University School of Medicine | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Apr 2025

P1, N=19, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)

No abstract available

Our investigative endeavor has highlighted a definitive causative association between genetic inclination to AF and specific digestive system neoplasms, spotlighting IS and HF as instrumental mediators. Such revelations furnish pivotal perspectives on the complex genetic interconnections between cardiovascular anomalies and certain digestive tract tumors, emphasizing prospective therapeutic and diagnostic worthy of pursuit.

The age of onset of surveillance, the yield of GC and DC during EGD surveillance, and its cost-effectiveness should be subject of future studies. None.

In addition, duodenal tumors frequently coexist in patients with PPAP-carrying POLE variants, while the endoscopic treatment for duodenal tumors becomes safe and useful with several new approaches. Therefore, surveillance EGD is necessary in such patients for the early detection and treatment of duodenal tumors.

P2, N=77, Active, not recruiting, University of Washington | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=56 --> 77

Concordance between MMR IHC and the Oncomate MSI PCR assay was 100% for CRC but for other cancers may be lower. The MSI PCR test has low sensitivity in cases with isolated MSH6 loss, supporting the recommendation that MMR IHC may be favored over PCR in cancers such as those of endometrium.

Moreover, the layers fed fermented Ca butyrate diets possessed higher (P < 0.05) bone area and trabecular number of the proximal tibia, yield load, and ultimate load than those that consumed basal diets. Collectively, dietary fermented Ca butyrate supplementation in post-peak layer diets improved the ovarian function and tibia quality, which might be related to enhancing intestinal integrity and consequently decreasing inflammation mediated bone resorption.

P2, N=81, Suspended, Thomas Jefferson University | Recruiting --> Suspended

P=N/A, N=500, Recruiting, Copenhagen University Hospital at Herlev

Primary and metastatic cases should be diagnosed through previous medical history analysis and detailed physical and auxiliary examinations. This would enable a diagnosis based on characteristic histomorphology and immunohistochemical markers. An early diagnosis and surgical treatment can prolong patient survival and the molecular inspection of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 mutations can guide follow-up treatment.

With the establishment of an immunostaining-test-based classification, leiomyosarcoma is currently rare. In this study, we report a patient in whom single port surgery for intussusception related to small intestinal leiomyosarcoma was successful.

Pathological examination did not reveal any evident tumor cells, leading to the determination for a pCR. The patient has been under postoperative surveillance for 1 year without any recurrence.

The tumors did not increase, and 20 years have passed since the start of treatment. We report a case of primary somatostatin-producing tumor of the duodenum with liver metastases that is still alive for a long period of time, with a review of the literature.

A subsequent positron emission tomography (PET) scan revealed positive mediastinal metastatic lymphadenopathy without organ metastases.Following his surgery, the patient recovered well and was promptly referred to an oncology unit at a specialised health centre for further treatment. Primary small intestine angiosarcoma is a rare entity in which patients present with non-specific symptoms requiring prompt tissue diagnosis to facilitate multidisciplinary management.

P2, N=36, Active, not recruiting, Crinetics Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P=N/A, N=600, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jan 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jan 2026

Early detection of gastrointestinal tumors is difficult, because most of them are asymptomatic. Gastrointestinal screening is important for patients with NF1, and PD with lymphadenectomy is feasible for managing duodenal neuroendocrine tumors, depending on their size.

P1, N=3, Terminated, Stanford University | Phase classification: P1/2 --> P1

P2, N=330, Recruiting, Washington University School of Medicine | N=240 --> 330

IHC staining confirmed the enrichment of α-smooth muscle actin-positive fibrosis in MF+ compared to MF- patients with corresponding increase of COMP-expressing stromal cells in MF+. Since COMP is associated with the known driver for fibrosis development transforming growth factor beta and with a cancer-associated fibroblasts enriched environment, it seems to be a promising new target for MF research.

P2, N=15, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

MCED and whole-body MRI testing is feasible in people at high-risk for cancer development based on age, family history, and germline variant status. Testing detected cancer at a relatively high prevalence. Additional research on the benefits of whole-body imaging and MCED testing, including effects on cancer mortality and cancer worry are needed.

There are two Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-CTLA-4 agents - ipilimumab and tremelimumab - both used together with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents. Patients whose tumors had high CTLA-4 and high PD-L1 did best; those with high PD-L1 but non-high CTLA-4 and/or other expression patterns had poorer outcomes for PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.009) after immunotherapy. High CTLA-4, especially when combined with high PD-L1 transcript expression, was a significant positive predictive biomarker for better outcomes (PFS and OS) in patients on immunotherapy.

P=N/A, N=845, Recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University | Phase classification: P3 --> P=N/A

P1, N=30, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Sep 2024

We encountered a surgical case of anti-coagulant ileus, which was difficult to differentiate from malignant lymphoma based on CT findings and high sIL-2R levels. The possibility of anti-coagulant ileus should always be considered in patients on long-term anticoagulation medication and bowel obstruction with high PT-INR values.