Skin Cancer

Notably, ctDNA may offer valuable insights into the efficacy of T cell-engaging bispecific molecules, such as tebentafusp. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of melanoma biomarkers, their role in personalizing treatment, and future research directions, including neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition.

Targeting HDACs and hTERT in the treatment of melanoma is a prominent concern. In our current study, we highlight the most recent research, although in its initial stage, involving various epigenetic factors involved in melanoma cells proliferation.

Docking studies suggested the lead compounds may suppress tumor proliferation and metastasis by targeting the mechanistic target of Rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)...In a preclinical mouse melanoma model, compounds E2 and E47 significantly reduced tumor growth and greatly improved overall mice survival, while showing a favorable safety profile based on a comprehensive blood plasma metabolite profile. These lead molecules also displayed promising physicochemical properties, making them strong candidates for further drug development studies.

Initially, he was prescribed cyclosporine at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg suspecting a worsening of his psoriasis; however, this treatment was ineffective...After initiating osimertinib at a dose of 80 mg, the skin rash improved, and the tumor size was reduced. The final diagnosis was paraneoplastic erythema annulare centrifugum associated with lung cancer. This case highlights the potential resolution of erythema annulare centrifugum through lung cancer therapy, emphasizing the importance of considering lung cancer differential diagnosis when this skin condition is present.

A series of replication analyses using the DeCODE pQTLs and the FinnGen GWAS, and sensitivity analyses including Steiger filtering, reverse MR, and Bayesian colocalization, supported our primary results. Our findings highlighted the possibility of prioritizing proteins for novel therapeutic or preventive targets and biomarkers for skin cancers.

P=N/A, N=156, Recruiting, Pierre Fabre Medicament | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Additionally, it was observed that the expression of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was interrelated (p < 0.001). This study demonstrated that MCT cells express both PD-L1 and CTLA-4 and that their expression was associated with MCT prognostic factors.

via acid hydrolysis, reducing tumor necrosis factor-α expression by 66.6 % and promoting M1-to-M2 macrophage conversion. Based on this integrated functionality, Que.@TA-Fe@PNAGA hydrogel achieves over 99.4 % tumor inhibition rate, effectively avoids photothermo-induced damage in normal tissue and inflammation, and thus represents a new approach for postoperative photothermal therapy in skin cancer treatment.

A stage-based follow-up regimen is proposed, which in the experience of the guideline group covers the optimal requirements, although further studies may be considered. This guideline is valid until the end of 2026.

Efficacy and safety results show that DD-cxdl would potentially fulfill a serious, unmet medical need for patients with R/R CTCL.

IT mPH-762 also demonstrated efficacy against untreated distal tumors (abscopal effect) by priming systemic antitumor immunity. These data support PH-762 as a promising candidate for neoadjuvant immunotherapy in clinical studies.

P1/2, N=110, Recruiting, Sotio Biotech Inc. | Trial completion date: Dec 2041 --> Dec 2042 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Oct 2027

P1, N=5, Active, not recruiting, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center | Phase classification: P1/2 --> P1

P3, N=360, Not yet recruiting, Immatics US, Inc.

P1/2, N=46, Terminated, Sanofi | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Early discontinuation based on strategic sponsor decision not driven by any safety concerns

P=N/A, N=81, Completed, MetaOptima Technology Inc. | Not yet recruiting --> Completed | N=40 --> 81

The distinctive morphology and immunoprofile of this neoplasm may pose challenges in the differential diagnosis with cutaneous neoplasms showing keratins, ALK, and CD30 immunoreactivity. Nonetheless, ALK and CD30 overexpression may offer avenues for targeted therapy.

Erastin was applied to induce ferroptosis...M2 exosomes-derived circ_0088494 recruited KMT2D to promote H3K4me1 modification of STEAP3, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis in cSCC. This study might provide a novel target for cSCC treatment.

P=N/A, N=167, Completed, Taproot Health | Recruiting --> Completed | N=100000 --> 167 | Trial completion date: Oct 2031 --> Oct 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2029 --> Oct 2024

P=N/A, N=114, Recruiting, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey | Trial completion date: Apr 2026 --> Sep 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Sep 2026

P1/2, N=5, Active, not recruiting, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=15 --> 5

In the experiment, the abatement in the expression of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and inhibition of NF-kB transcription factor activation could be linked with the downregulation of cancer cell proliferation. The study revealed the anticancer activity of Argemone mexicana Linn in the cancer cell lines and paved a pathway for molecular approaches that could be explored more in In vivo studies.

Increased expression of caspase-8 and caspase-9 was observed, indicating the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways by PRF treatment. Although the exact immunomodulatory properties of PRF require further investigation, the results of our basic in vitro studies are promising and might provide a basis for future investigations of PRF as an adjunctive therapy for managing localized skin cancers, particularly NMSC.

Based on our findings from our limited cohort of participants, we found some protective effect for the TLR4 SNP for skin cancer, which was not statistically significant. Validation of these findings in a larger cohort is warranted.

Molecular docking identified potential protein targets, related to the CEO anticancer activity, in the form of PI3Kα, where the highest active theoretical inhibitor was calamenene (-7.5 kcal/mol). Docking results also showed that calamenene was the overall most active theoretical inhibitor for all docked proteins and indicated a potential presence of synergistic effects among all CEO constituents.

By underlining the role of a functional p53 in safeguarding skin cells from UVR-induced damage, this work underscores the potential significance of targeting mutp53, aiming to restore its wild-type-like activity (reactivation), as a protective strategy against skin cancer (SC), particularly NMSC. Most importantly, an interesting crosstalk between p53 and its vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcriptional target is also highlighted in the suppression of skin carcinogenesis, which opens the way to promising chemopreventive strategies involving synergistic combinations between mutp53 reactivators and vitamin D. Collectively, this review not only opens new avenues for future research, but also offers promising prospects for the development of novel beneficial approaches in the field of SC.

After the advent of systemic therapies, a trial of the combination targeted therapy of dabrafenib plus trametinib toward BRAF V600-mutant nodal cutaneous melanoma showed that all 35 patients achieved a pathological response...For those tumours that do recur in-field, there are now competing therapies like Talimogene laherparepvec or T-VEC. Generally, ART is now used at the first recurrence. The challenge now is to find which melanomas are truly radiosensitive if ART is to have any future role in this scenario.

Finally, we discuss the implications for future cSCC management and highlight areas for further research. As molecular profiling techniques continue to evolve, GEP represents a promising approach to optimizing care for cSCC patients, aligning with the growing emphasis on personalized medicine in oncology.

Furthermore, the incidence of abnormal 53BP1 expression in cancer cells was higher than in non-neoplastic epidermal cells surrounding cancer, suggesting a correlation between the type of 53BP1 and the malignant potential of skin tumors. This study highlights the usefulness of dual-color IF for 53BP1 (and Ki-67) as an indicator to estimate the level of GIN as a long-lasting health effect of radiation exposure.

We also show that cGAS is recruited to micronuclei induced by β-HPV 8 E6. These data suggest a mechanism by which β-HPV 8 E6 facilitates proliferation of cells destabilized by micronuclei and support the hypothesis that the prevalence of β-HPV infections is in part due to the impairment of the cGAS-STING innate immune response.

We discuss potential molecular events underlying this transformation. This case highlights the importance of recognizing this rare variant and its implications for patient management and prognosis.

Sonidegib and vismodegib are synthetic mimetics of hedgehog pathway inhibitors that are indicated for many subtypes of advanced BCC. After eight months of hedgehog pathway inhibitor (HHI) therapy, the patient reported dramatic improvements in his BCC and complete regression of smaller BCCs previously noted on his upper extremities. The patient reported only minor adverse events including hair thinning, weight loss, and rapidly growing nails.

Moreover, the decay of PIDD1 mRNA inhibited the formation of PIDDosome complex that is essential for activating the apoptosis initiator caspase-2, leading to a decrease in caspase-2-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis and subsequently promoting the malignant phenotypes of HaCaT-T cells. Collectively, our study reveals the role of YTHDF2 in arsenic-induced malignant phenotypes of human keratinocytes through direct interaction with PIDD1 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner, which provides new insight into the precise mechanism underlying arsenic-induced skin cancer.

P2, N=166, Terminated, SOTIO Biotech AG | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Due to lack of expected efficacy shown at the time of the interim analysis

P2, N=40, Recruiting, ImmunityBio, Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | N=147 --> 40

P1, N=18, Recruiting, University of Southern California | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2025 --> Jan 2026

The expansion of mutant p53 clones in premalignant skin lesions associates with β-HPV loss. Thus, immunity to commensal HPVs contributes to the homeostasis of mutated normal skin, highlighting the role of virome-immune system interactions in preserving aging human tissues.

SMPLPDs are a rare skin condition with limited treatment data, and this case suggests that CO2 laser ablation with minimal margins could be a viable alternative for selected patients, reducing bleeding and promoting second-intention healing for small nodules. However, more extensive follow-up data for SMPLPD cases are needed to understand long-term outcomes better.

This study of multiple cohorts identifies CHEK2 as a candidate susceptibility gene for DFSP. Additional epidemiologic and functional studies are needed to further characterize this potential gene-tumor relationship.

P2, N=138, Active, not recruiting, University of Alabama at Birmingham | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025

This study emphasizes the importance of personalized approaches in the use of MAL-PDT, tailoring treatment according to tumor-specific characteristics. Biomarkers such as p53, β-catenin, and GLUT1 can serve as predictive tools for PDT response, helping clinicians identify patients who may benefit from alternative or combined treatments to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Of these drugs, IL-23 inhibitors (aOR 2.47 95% CI 1.17-5.18), Janus kinase inhibitors (aOR 2.32 95% CI 1.09-4.92), and azathioprine (aOR 2.16 95% CI 1.18-3.96) were the only classes that significantly contributed to increased NMSC risk in psoriasis patients.Psoriasis is independently associated with NMSC...NMSC is treatable and high-risk patients may benefit from increased surveillance or preventative counseling. Further prospective studies that assess medication dose and length of exposure should validate our findings.