SALL4 (Spalt Like Transcription Factor 4)

A component of teratoma was also present. We believe this to be the first report of such a unique association.

MUC5AC/p53 immunohistochemistry is highly effective in identifying high-risk lesions. Enteroblastic differentiation is relatively common and is associated with lymphovascular invasion. These findings support the use of targeted immunohistochemistry for accurately diagnosing and managing this vulnerable and understudied age group.

Oral administration of BMS-986458 results in dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and significant antitumor efficacy in mouse models of lymphoma. A potential first-in-class agent, BMS-986458, is currently being evaluated in a phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT06090539) for patients with relapsed/refractory NHL.

This is the first study to demonstrate a significant association between SALL4 and fascin expression in CRC patients, suggesting a potential interplay between them. Both proteins may represent potential markers of CRC progression. Molecular studies are required to further investigate the interaction between SALL4 and fascin in CRC.

The patient was started on capecitabine and oxaliplatin in addition to trastuzumab with subsequent clinical and radiological improvement. Unresectable, metastatic HER2 positive conventional adenocarcinoma is being managed using platinum-fluoropyrimidine doublet therapy with anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab. This case report calls for aggressive IHC staining for prompt diagnosis where necessary as well as proper guidelines for management.

This study reinforces the link between DNA damage and GC and offers fresh perspectives on its underlying molecular mechanisms. Nonetheless, further validation in clinical evaluation is essential to confirm its practical value for GC management strategies.

Our findings demonstrate that GDF15 acts as a tumor promoter in CRC by driving EMT, facilitating proliferation and metastasis, and enhancing cancer stemness. This study identifies GDF15 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.

These data provide an expanded understanding of the molecular underpinnings of EMCG-including the first description of a SMARCA4 frameshift variant in this entity-and demonstrate that while gastrointestinal marker immunoexpression is relatively common among endometrial carcinomas, strictly defined EMCG remains rare (<1%). As awareness of this entity grows, pathologists should take care not to over-interpret gastrointestinal marker expression as stand-alone evidence of an EMCG diagnosis.

This case uniquely highlights the importance of comprehensive tumour marker assessment, the role of marker-guided surveillance in early relapse detection, and demonstrates the feasibility of successful salvage therapy. The case expands current knowledge of extragonadal YST management, encourages vigilance for atypical presentations and underscores the value of individualised multimodality care-even in aggressive, relapsed disease-for achieving complete remission.

This case illustrates the histopathological difficulties in diagnosing PPC and the utility of serum hCG measurement in the detection of PPC. Serum hCG measurement is useful as an initial investigation for possible PPC in patients with non-small cell lung tumors, which should be followed by immunohistochemical staining for markers of choriocarcinoma.

Our study described the characteristics of composite renal tumors combining WT and RCC, highlighting several unusual and specific features. Its behavior appeared to be more aggressive than that of WT or RCC alone, and we propose that it should be recognized as a separate entity, which may require different treatment from WT or RCC alone.

We successfully established a TYST PDX model that retains tissue structure and protein expression signature of the patient's tumor tissue. Furthermore, this PDX model demonstrates high sensitivity to standard JEB chemotherapy and represents a valuable resource for translational research in pediatric germ cell tumors.