Salivary Gland Cancer

P1, N=158, Recruiting, Avacta Life Sciences Ltd | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Jun 2026

This phase I trial (NCT03781986) assesses the safety and antitumor activity of an oral MDM2 inhibitor, alrizomadlin (APG-115), +/- carboplatin in TP53 wild type unresectable recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancers (R/M SGC) with a planned 1:1 randomization to carboplatin chemotherapy. The RR was 15% with median progression free survival 10.5 months. These findings demonstrate encouraging tolerability of alrizomadlin monotherapy with antitumor activity in patients with TP53 wild type SGC, especially ACC.

Adenosine monophosphate-based RNA fusion testing on sacrificed cytology smears is feasible, reliable, and diagnostically impactful, expanding the role of cytology specimens in definitive tumor classification.

P2, N=818, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: May 2026 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: May 2026 --> May 2027

P2, N=40, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University

This salivary mucinous adenocarcinoma with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm-like features demonstrates regional lymph node metastases and GNAS amplification. The findings suggest these lesions represent low-grade invasive mucinous neoplasms with secondary ductal extension rather than purely intraductal entities, supporting their classification within the mucinous adenocarcinoma spectrum.

Tumor biopsies confirmed radioactivity. 89Zr-CB307 selectively accumulated in PSMA-positive tumor lesions without specific uptake in PSMA-positive-normal or lymphoid tissues in patients with mCRPC.

ADCT-601 demonstrates robust AXL expression linked to anti-tumor activity in preclinical models of ACC, establishing a proof-of-concept for targeting AXL in this rare cancer. These findings support clinical translation of AXL-targeting ADC as a novel biomarker-driven therapy for patients in ACC.

We report a unique case of primary lung HCCC (PLHCCC) with cutaneous metastasis and aggressive clinical course. To the best of our knowledge, cutaneous metastasis by PLHCCC has not been previously observed and may signal an aggressive clinical course with poor prognosis.

FISH revealed EWSR1 translocation. Comparing our case with 8 previously reported cases, it is evident that it is possible to make the diagnosis of HCCC on smears, especially when EWSR1 translocation is present.

The patient remained disease-free 5 years after surgery. This case highlights the diagnostic importance of integrating histopathology, immunoprofiling, and molecular analysis in patients with rare salivary gland tumors and underscores the favorable outcomes of complete surgical resection for HCCC of the tongue.

Comprehensive molecular testing in SGC may allow access to MMT, with a subset of patients experiencing clinical benefit from this strategy.