Salivary Gland Cancer

Benign salivary gland tumors represent a valuable model for studying malignant transformation in head and neck oncology. Interpreting shared molecular and microenvironmental pathways may facilitate the identification of novel biomarkers and support the development of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for OSCC.

The GR extract exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with inhibition zones generally comparable to those of levofloxacin. However, the extract was significantly less effective against the P. aeruginosa strain. On A253 human salivary gland carcinoma cells, GR extract elicited a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect, produced morphological changes, and increased ROS and both caspase-3/7 and caspase-9 levels.

This case report illustrates, to the best of our knowledge, the first documented case of using TORS for MEC of the BOT involving both lingual and palatine tonsils with four years of disease-free survival, despite high histologic grade. Our case sheds light on the use of TORS for improved long-term outcome and preserved oropharyngeal functions for patients with oropharyngeal MEC.

Compared with 144 controls, HCCC exhibited a 2.16-fold higher likelihood of EWSR1 positivity, though not statistically significant (p = 0.10). These findings highlight EWSR1, particularly EWSR1-ATF1 fusion, as a sensitive molecular marker that improves diagnostic accuracy when integrated with histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Surgical excision remains the definitive treatment. Long-term clinical surveillance is advised, considering the risk of later recurrence or malignant transformation.

The frequent RAS mutations and overlapping transcriptomic profiles raise important diagnostic considerations and highlight the need for integrated molecular analyses to differentiate these entities. The EMCs displayed a recurrent HRAS mutation, also observed in other head and neck tumors, and were partially clustered with the cases of BCA, suggesting potential biological similarities.

Although the sample size is small, these findings support the clinical benefit of zanidatamab treatment for HER2-positive SGC.

However, differences in TIL rate and CD45RO expression indicate that each of the SGT tumor types may have distinguished immune microenvironments. Malignant SGTs have higher infiltration of activated immune cells, and, thereby, these cells can be considered as good indicators of patient's status.

These cases suggest that systemic HER2-targeted therapy can serve as an effective neoadjuvant approach for locally advanced HER2-positive SGCs. Conversion surgery following Tmab and DTX treatment may offer a curative option in selected patients initially deemed inoperable.

P1, N=51, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

P=N/A, N=300, Recruiting, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School | Trial completion date: Sep 2029 --> Sep 2031 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2028 --> Sep 2029

Multiple rare thyroid malignancies may present indistinguishably from ATC, emphasizing the need for meticulous histopathologic and molecular evaluation.