S100A9 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9)

This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of DAMPs released from HepG2 cells treated with standard chemotherapeutic agents, sorafenib and oxaliplatin. Although the cytokine profile was predominantly pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β), the concurrent secretion of IL-10 suggests a complex, mixed activation state. By overriding M2 immunosuppression via an ERK-NLRP3-dependent pathway, sorafenib-derived DAMPs act as an immunological primer to convert cold to hot tumors, providing a molecular rationale for chemo-immunotherapy combinations.

We developed a novel CPRS that can accurately predict the prognosis of HCC. CACNA1B may function as a tumor promotor in HCC progression.

In conclusion, S100A8/A9 is a core molecule connecting aging, inflammation, and multi-system lesions. Interventions targeting its pathway are expected to provide new strategies for extending healthy lifespans and a theoretical basis for novel and practical anti-aging strategies.

Our results suggest that proteomic alterations in PCa are associated with disease progression and aggressiveness and capture biologically relevant differences between tissue and urinary proteomes. These differences are also observed between MRI-visible and MRI-non-visible clinically significant prostate cancers, supporting the potential of urinary proteomics as a non-invasive complement to imaging-based diagnostics.

NLRP3+ TAMs with APS treatment secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, IL-1B, TNFα, and CXCL10), enhancing CD8+ T-cell infiltration and reducing T-cell exhaustion. APS suppresses HCC by inhibiting OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation and promoting NLRP3+ M1-like TAMs enrichment, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immunity, highlighting APS as a potential immunomodulatory agent for HCC therapy.

In addition, Zexi Decoction also shows potential value in reversing drug resistance such as gemcitabine. At present, there are still problems such as the lack of standardized protocols and unclear molecular mechanisms in the research. In the future, it is necessary to combine new technologies such as network pharmacology and multi-omics analysis to deepen the research on the pharmacological material basis, dose-effect relationship and evidence-based medicine of Zeqi Decoction, so as to promote the clinical application and transformation of the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of NSCLC.

Bioinformatics analysis further suggested enrichment of crotonylated proteins in the ribosome pathway within psoriatic lesions. Overall, this study offers preliminary evidence of altered lysine crotonylation in psoriatic skin and suggests its potential involvement in psoriasis pathogenesis.

P1/2, N=18, Recruiting, Cantex Pharmaceuticals | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Functionally, these exosome-educated CAFs promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ACC cells and facilitated lung metastasis in vivo via an IL-17-dependent signaling axis. Overall, these findings establish exosomal S100A9 as a crucial mediator of TME reprogramming, suggesting that targeting the S100A9-IL-17 axis may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for disrupting ACC lung metastasis.

Metabolic subtyping identifies DEMs as critical drivers of glioma progression. The DEM-derived risk model, combined with EGFR/IDH status, provides a clinically actionable tool for prognosis and targeted therapy development.

Furthermore, we identified in DLBCL a spatial interaction between Annexin A1 (ANXA1)-expressing BEC and formyl-peptide receptor (FPR1/2) and S100A9-expressing monocytes/macrophages. This crosstalk is associated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and an adverse prognosis in patients with DLBCL.

In inflamed dermal fibroblasts, both A2AR and A2BR were upregulated, and IL-8 release was mitigated by an A2AR agonist. In conclusion, these results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the CD73/adenosine axis can be modulated in psoriatic conditions and may guide the development of effective strategies to mitigate inflammation.