The combination of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has significantly improved outcomes in patients with APL. The patient achieved molecular complete remission within two months of initiating isotretinoin-based consolidation therapy and continues to have negative PML::RARA reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, with sustained remission at 18 months of follow-up with ongoing molecular monitoring every three months. Although the concurrent use of ATO and prior ATRA-based induction are important confounders, this case highlights the potential role of isotretinoin as a cost-effective alternative retinoid for consolidation therapy in APL when ATRA is inaccessible, although ATRA remains the recommended standard treatment.

P=N/A, N=54, Recruiting, Uşak University | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Jun 2026

A mucoadhesive buccal patch loaded bioactive components such as isotretinoin, bromelain, and limonene (IBL patch) was fabricated and evaluated for its anticancer potential against OPMD-associated OSCC. Oral acute toxicity testing (OECD 423) confirmed the safety of the IBL patch, with no mortality or adverse effects up to 2000 mg/kg (LD₅₀ > 2000 mg/kg; GHS Category 5). Collectively, these findings highlights that the IBL mucoadhesive buccal patch has therapeutic potential against OPMD and controlling pathological epithelial remodeling.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) is characterized by promyelocytic leukemia retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) fusion gene resulting from at (15;17) translocation. While, TLC significantly decreased from baseline in high risk cases to last follow-up (24 × 109/L vs. 9 × 109/L; P = 0.016). Patients with APML can be successfully treated with a combination of ATO and ATRA.

P1, N=36, Recruiting, Zagazig University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2026

P=N/A, N=240, the First Hospital of China Medical University; the First Hospital of China Medical University

P2, N=100, Enrolling by invitation, University of Nebraska | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2026 --> Jun 2027 | Not yet recruiting --> Enrolling by invitation

P4, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Bausch Health Americas, Inc.

Spearman correlation confirmed that anti-acne activity was positively correlated with synergistic effects of caffeic acid and 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin. In summary, Viola philippica extract exhibits promising multi-target anti-acne potential, supporting its development as a novel multifunctional treatment strategy.

Alitretinoin appears to be a safe and potentially effective treatment for patients with mild to moderate AA unresponsive to conventional therapies. Its role as a monotherapy or adjunctive option in selected cases warrants further investigation through larger controlled studies.

Herbal agents and combination therapies, such as those containing β-carotene, isotretinoin, IFN-α 2a, and vitamin E, have shown encouraging results, although the long-term benefits remain uncertain...While chemopreventive strategies offer potential, their clinical application remains limited by inconsistent outcomes and adverse effects. Advancing this field requires the development of targeted therapies, personalised approaches based on molecular profiling, and innovative delivery systems like nanocarriers to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety.

P=N/A, N=200, Active, not recruiting, Bausch Health Americas, Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting