^
1d
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Anti-PD1 or Combinations for Locoregionally Advanced Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=90, Recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Phase classification: P1 --> P2
Phase classification
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
|
Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2d
New P1/2 trial
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
7d
Enrollment open • Checkpoint inhibition • Metastases
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
|
Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
18d
A Trial of LNS8801 with or Without Pembrolizumab in Patients with Refractory Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2/3, N=135, Not yet recruiting, Linnaeus Therapeutics, Inc. | Phase classification: P3 --> P2/3
Phase classification
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • temozolomide • dacarbazine • relatlimab (BMS-986016) • LNS8801
21d
A comprehensive review of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment. (PubMed, Int Immunopharmacol)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown great success, with FDA-approved drugs like PD-1 inhibitors (Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, Cemiplimab), PD-L1 inhibitors (Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, Avelumab), and CTLA-4 inhibitors (Ipilimumab, Tremelimumab), alongside LAG-3 inhibitor Relatlimab. This review aims to fill this gap by providing an analysis of the current clinical status of ICIs, emerging biomarkers, mechanisms of resistance, strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy, and assessment of adverse effects. This review is crucial to furthering our understanding of ICIs and optimizing their application in cancer therapy.
Review • Journal • Checkpoint inhibition • Tumor mutational burden • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • CD276 (CD276 Molecule) • HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) • TIGIT (T Cell Immunoreceptor With Ig And ITIM Domains 2) • BTLA (B And T Lymphocyte Associated)
|
PD-L1 expression
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Imfinzi (durvalumab) • Bavencio (avelumab) • Imjudo (tremelimumab) • Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
23d
Study of Nivolumab and Relatlimab in Advanced Mismatch Repair Deficient Cancers Resistant to Prior PD-(L)1 Inhibitor (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=42, Recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Mismatch repair • Metastases
|
MSI (Microsatellite instability)
|
MSI-H/dMMR
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
26d
Deciphering LAG-3: unveiling molecular mechanisms and clinical advancements. (PubMed, Biomark Res)
Currently, with the approval of relatlimab, a LAG-3 blocking antibody, a third player, has been used in the fight against cancer...However, the complex biology of LAG-3 may hinder its full development as a therapeutic alternative. In this review, we provide in-depth insight into the biology of LAG-3 and its current and future development in cancer treatment.
Review • Journal
|
LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4)
|
favezelimab (MK-4280) • fianlimab (REGN3767) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
1m
Phase II Trial of Immunotherapy in Patients with Carcinomas Arising from the Renal Medulla (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=30, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
Enrollment closed
|
SMARCB1 (SWI/SNF Related, Matrix Associated, Actin Dependent Regulator Of Chromatin, Subfamily B, Member 1)
|
SMARCB1 negative
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
1m
New P2 trial
|
Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
1m
Effect of LNS8801 (with or Without Pembrolizumab) on Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P3, N=135, Not yet recruiting, Linnaeus Therapeutics, Inc.
New P3 trial
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • temozolomide • dacarbazine • relatlimab (BMS-986016) • LNS8801
2ms
Nivolumab, BMS-936558 in Combination with Relatlimab, BMS-986016 in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Naïve to Prior Immunotherapy in the Metastatic Setting (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=42, Completed, John Kirkwood | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jul 2027 --> Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2027 --> Jul 2024
Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • IO biomarker • Metastases
|
PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
|
PD-1 expression • LAG3 expression
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2ms
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with advanced melanoma treated with nivolumab plus relatlimab. (PubMed, Oncologist)
Our retrospective review at a tertiary cancer center of patients with stage 3 and 4 melanoma treated with NIVO-RELA revealed an overall response rate (ORR) of 39%, with notable improvements in median PFS and ORR, especially in first-line treated patients. Our study highlights the superior efficacy of NIVO-RELA over previous reports, demonstrating its significant potential in the treatment landscape of advanced melanoma.
Journal • HEOR • Real-world evidence • Real-world • Metastases
|
LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • RELA (RELA Proto-Oncogene)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2ms
Nivolumab for the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Cancer With ARID1A Mutation and Stratify Response Based on CXCL13 Expression (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=30, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Metastases
|
ARID1A (AT-rich interaction domain 1A) • CXCL13 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13)
|
ARID1A mutation • CXCL13 expression
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2ms
CA209-906: Nivolumab +/- Relatlimab Prior to Chemoradiation With II/III Gastro/Esophageal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=32, Active, not recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins | Trial completion date: Feb 2025 --> Aug 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2024 --> Mar 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • carboplatin • paclitaxel • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2ms
Advances in understanding the role of immune checkpoint LAG-3 in tumor immunity: a comprehensive review. (PubMed, Front Oncol)
Several LAG-3 targeting inhibitors in clinical trials and the combination of relatlimab (anti-LAG-3) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) have been approved for treating - unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Despite the encouraging clinical potential of LAG-3, the physiological function and mechanism of action in tumors are still not well understood. In this review, we systematically summarized the structure of LAG-3, ligands of LAG-3, cell-specific functions and signaling of LAG-3, and the current status of LAG-3 inhibitors under development.
Review • Journal
|
LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
2ms
Updates and emerging trends in the management of immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. (PubMed, Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs)
The rapidly expanding class of therapies targeting immune checkpoints for the treatment of various cancers now includes 8 clinically approved agents: a lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) inhibitor (relatlimab), a cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor (ipilimumab), three programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab and cemiplimab), and three programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab). Previously, we reviewed the mechanisms of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), strategies for management of irAEs, and highlighted similarities as well as differences amongst clinical guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). Herein, we provide an update that includes discussion of changes to these clinical guidelines since our last review, the new LAG-3 targeted agents, emerging patterns of irAEs, and new directions for improved monitoring and treatment of irAEs that could incorporate interdisciplinary pharmacist-led teams, artificial intelligence, and pharmacogenomics.
Review • Journal • Adverse events • Checkpoint inhibition • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • Tecentriq (atezolizumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Imfinzi (durvalumab) • Bavencio (avelumab) • Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
Enrollment open • Enrollment change
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • ER (Estrogen receptor) • PGR (Progesterone receptor)
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • carboplatin • paclitaxel • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
CA209-6D9: Pilot Study of Nivolumab w/Ipilimumab or Relatlimab in Surgically Resectable Melanoma Brain Metastases (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=1, Active, not recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • IL2 (Interleukin 2) • IL10 (Interleukin 10)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
RELATIVITY-048: An Investigational Study of Immunotherapy Combinations in Participants With Solid Cancers That Are Advanced or Have Spread (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=255, Active, not recruiting, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2024 --> Nov 2026
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • linrodostat (BMS-986205) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
Enrollment open • Metastases
|
Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • fianlimab (REGN3767) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
LAG-3 and PD-1 synergize on CD8+ T cells to drive T cell exhaustion and hinder autocrine IFN-γ-dependent anti-tumor immunity. (PubMed, Cell)
Enhanced efficacy has been demonstrated in melanoma patients with combined nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and relatlimab (anti-LAG-3) treatment, the first in its class to be FDA approved. LAG-3 and PD-1 combined to drive T cell exhaustion, playing a dominant role in modulating TOX expression. Mechanistically, autocrine, cell-intrinsic IFN-γ signaling was required for PD-1- and LAG-3-deficient CD8+ T cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity, providing insight into how combinatorial targeting of LAG-3 and PD-1 enhances efficacy.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
Blockade of LAG-3 and PD-1 leads to co-expression of cytotoxic and exhaustion gene modules in CD8+ T cells to promote antitumor immunity. (PubMed, Cell)
Relatlimab (rela; anti-LAG-3) plus nivolumab (nivo; anti-PD-1) is safe and effective for treatment of advanced melanoma. This intratumoral rela+nivo signature was validated in peripheral blood as an elevated frequency of CD38+TIM3+CD8+ T cells. Overall, we demonstrated that cytotoxicity can be enhanced despite the retention of exhaustion signatures, which will inform future therapeutic strategies.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • CD38 (CD38 Molecule) • HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) • PRDM1 (PR/SET Domain 1)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
CheckMate 142: A Study of Nivolumab Alone or Nivolumab Combination Therapy in Colon Cancer That Has Come Back or Has Spread (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=385, Active, not recruiting, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Sep 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Sep 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
MSI (Microsatellite instability)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Cotellic (cobimetinib) • Darzalex (daratumumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
3ms
Enrollment open • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Keytruda (pembrolizumab) • Opdivo (nivolumab) • temozolomide • albumin-bound paclitaxel • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016) • vusolimogene oderparepvec (RP1)
4ms
Adverse Events of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, and LAG-3 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Analysis of the FDA Adverse Events Database. (PubMed, Antibodies (Basel))
For PD-1 inhibitors, the most common AEs were diarrhea, fatigue, and pyrexia, with notable instances of neutropenia and hypothyroidism, particularly with toripalimab and dostarlimab...CTLA-4 inhibitors predominantly resulted in diarrhea and colitis, with ipilimumab frequently causing pyrexia and rash, while tremelimumab exhibited unique AEs such as biliary tract infection. The LAG-3 inhibitor relatlimab reported fewer AEs, including pyrexia and pneumonia...This study provides a detailed overview of the 25 most common AEs associated with ICIs, offering valuable insights for clinical decision-making and AE management. Further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these AEs and to develop targeted interventions to enhance the safety and efficacy of ICI therapy in patients with cancer.
Journal • Adverse events • Checkpoint inhibition
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4)
|
Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Loqtorzi (toripalimab-tpzi) • Imjudo (tremelimumab) • Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
4ms
A Study to Assess Safety of Relatlimab With Ipilimumab in Participants With Advanced Melanoma Who Progressed on Anti-Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (Anti-PD-1) Treatment (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=11, Terminated, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Phase classification: P1/2 --> P1 | Completed --> Terminated; Business objectives have changed.
Phase classification • Trial termination • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Yervoy (ipilimumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
4ms
Longitudinal biomarker analysis and outcomes for patients (pts) treated with neoadjuvant nivolumab (nivo) and relatlimab (rela) in surgically resectable melanoma (ESMO 2024)
The neoadjuvant platform offers unique insights into the tumor microenvironment and dynamics of the immune response over time. Our analysis reveals consistencies with previously published biomarkers associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (IFN- γ) and provides insights into new biomarkers associated with response to nivo + rela, specifically B7-H3. Taken together, this work expands our insights into who may benefit from nivo + rela and provides insights into potentially actionable strategies to personalize tx approaches.
Clinical • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
CD276 (CD276 Molecule)
|
nCounter® PanCancer IO 360™ Panel
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
4ms
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
4ms
CA209-6D9: Pilot Study of Nivolumab w/Ipilimumab or Relatlimab in Surgically Resectable Melanoma Brain Metastases (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=1, Active, not recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2027 --> Dec 2025
Trial primary completion date
|
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • IL2 (Interleukin 2) • IL10 (Interleukin 10)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
4ms
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Anti-PD1 or Combinations for Locoregionally Advanced Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1, N=90, Recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | N=30 --> 90
Enrollment change • IO biomarker • Metastases
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
|
Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
5ms
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
5ms
CA224-1065: Neoadjuvant Nivolumab and Relatlimab in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=20, Not yet recruiting, Melanoma Institute Australia | Trial completion date: Apr 2036 --> Jul 2036 | Initiation date: Apr 2024 --> Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 --> Sep 2026
Trial completion date • Trial initiation date • Trial primary completion date
|
Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
5ms
iSCORE: Immunotherapy Sequencing in COlon and REctal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=25, Active, not recruiting, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust | Trial completion date: Sep 2023 --> Sep 2024
Trial completion date
|
EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
5ms
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • cisplatin • carboplatin • albumin-bound paclitaxel • pemetrexed • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
6ms
Nivolumab plus relatlimab in patients with previously treated microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer: the phase II CheckMate 142 study. (PubMed, J Immunother Cancer)
Nivolumab plus relatlimab provided durable clinical benefit and was well tolerated in previously treated patients with MSI-H/dMMR metastatic CRC.
P2 data • Clinical Trial,Phase II • Journal • Mismatch repair • Microsatellite instability • Metastases
|
MSI (Microsatellite instability) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
6ms
A novel LAG3 neutralizing antibody improves cancer immunotherapy by dual inhibition of MHC-II and FGL1 ligand binding. (PubMed, Biomed Pharmacother)
Three outperformers, M208, M226, and M234, showed stronger blocking activity than Relatlimab in the FGL1 binding...In addition, GPC3-targeted CAR-T cells secreting IL-21-M234 scFv fusion protein exhibited enhanced activity in inhibiting tumor growth and greatly increased the survival rate of mice. Taken together, M234 has potential in cancer immunotherapy and warrants further clinical trial.
Journal
|
IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • LAG3 (Lymphocyte Activating 3) • GPC3 (Glypican 3) • IL21 (Interleukin 21) • FGL1 (Fibrinogen Like 1)
|
relatlimab (BMS-986016)
6ms
RELATIVITY-020: An Investigational Immuno-therapy Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability and Effectiveness of Anti-LAG-3 With and Without Anti-PD-1 in the Treatment of Solid Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=1499, Active, not recruiting, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2024 --> May 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Opdualag (nivolumab/relatlimab-rmbw) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
6ms
Phase classification
|
Signatera™
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016) • ABP 206 (nivolumab biosimilar)
6ms
CheckMate142: A Study of Nivolumab Alone or Nivolumab Combination Therapy in Colon Cancer That Has Come Back or Has Spread (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=385, Active, not recruiting, Bristol-Myers Squibb | Trial completion date: Feb 2024 --> Jun 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2024 --> Jun 2024
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
MSI (Microsatellite instability)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • Cotellic (cobimetinib) • Darzalex (daratumumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
6ms
New P2 trial • Mismatch repair
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016) • ABP 206 (nivolumab biosimilar)
7ms
Study of Nivolumab and Relatlimab in Patients With Microsatellite Stable (MSS) Advanced Colorectal Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=59, Active, not recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 --> Feb 2024
Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Metastases
|
PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)
7ms
Distinct tumor microbiome and metabolomic profiles to inform responses of patients with esophageal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy. (ASCO 2024)
Patients on arm B (n=10) received nivolumab and relatlimab on a similar induction schedule, but concurrent IO and CRT resulted in immune related adverse events and a protocol amendment to CRT (NCT03044613)...Fecal metabolomic analysis demonstrated six significant metabolites: in non-pCR, ropinirole, valine, phenylalanine, and isoleucine were enriched; in pCR, C16cer and D-urobilinogen were enriched (p < 0.05)... Patients with complete responses to combined CRT and IO for operable esophageal cancer had distinct fecal microbiome profiles as well as metabolomic pathways. These results may be useful to further characterize and predict patients who have improved responses to neoadjuvant therapy and serve as a basis for therapeutic intervention.
Clinical • Metabolomic study • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
|
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8)
|
Opdivo (nivolumab) • relatlimab (BMS-986016)