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DRUG CLASS:

Protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor

24d
P2Y12 receptor-mediated cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression enhances tumor cell progression in a mouse model of lymphoma. (PubMed, Purinergic Signal)
The broad-spectrum P2 receptor antagonist, suramin, P2X7 receptor-specific antagonist, oATP, P2Y6 receptor-specific antagonist, MRS 2578, and P2Y12 receptor-specific antagonist, AR-C 69931, all showed significant arrest in tumor growth...Disaggregated cells from AR-C 69931-treated tumors, when injected intravenously in naïve mice, did not exhibit metastasis in various tissues which was observed in mice injected with cells from saline-treated tumors. Our results show that blocking of P2 receptors is a therapeutic alternative to inhibit COX-2 expression, and thereby, arrest tumor progression and metastasis.
Preclinical • Journal • Tumor cell
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PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2)
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PTGS2 expression
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Germanin (suramin)
2ms
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor II: A possible biomarker of poor prognosis and mediator of immune evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. (PubMed, World J Gastrointest Oncol)
This study investigated PTPN2 from multiple biological perspectives, revealing that PTPN2 can function as a biomarker of poor prognosis and mediate immune evasion in HCC.
Journal
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PTPN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2)
3ms
Enhancing the apo protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 crystal soaking strategy through inhibitor-accessible binding sites. (PubMed, Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun)
Structures of PTPN2 in complex with an established PTPN1 active-site inhibitor and an allosteric inhibitor were achieved through soaking experiments using these apo PTPN2 crystals. The increased structural understanding of apo PTPN2 and the ability to soak in inhibitors will aid the development of future PTPN2 inhibitors.
Journal • IO biomarker
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • PTPN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2)
3ms
Trial primary completion date
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BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
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Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • BNT111
4ms
Recent Developments in the Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as a Regulator of Immune Cell Signalling in Health and Disease. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
As such, PTP1B inhibitors are being developed and tested in the context of inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of the molecular role of PTP1B in regulating immune cell function and how targeting its expression and/or activity has the potential to change the outcomes of immune-mediated and inflammatory disorders.
Review • Journal • Immune cell
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • LEP (Leptin)
4ms
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B): A Comprehensive Review of Its Role in Pathogenesis of Human Diseases. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
In particular, this review intends to elucidate intricate relations between numerous diseases associated with the overexpression of PTP1B, as we believe that it is of the utmost significance to establish and follow a brand-new holistic approach in the treatment of interconnected conditions. With this in mind, this comprehensive review aims to validate the PTP1B enzyme as a promising molecular target, and to reinforce future research in this direction.
Review • Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
5ms
Structural analysis of the FERM domain of human protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 21. (PubMed, Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun)
Moreover, structural superimposition demonstrated two putative protein-binding sites of the PTPN21 FERM domain, which are presumed to be associated with interaction with its binding partner, kinesin family member 1C. Thus, these data suggest that the FERM domain of PTPN21 serves as a module that mediates protein-protein interaction, like other FERM domains.
Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • PTPN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2)
5ms
The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRK promotes intestinal repair and catalysis-independent tumour suppression. (PubMed, J Cell Sci)
Contrary to the prevailing notion that PTPRK directly dephosphorylates EGFR, we find that PTPRK regulation of both EGFR and EMT is independent of its catalytic function. This suggests that additional adaptor and scaffold functions are important features of PTPRK signalling.
Journal
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EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • PTPRK (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type K)
5ms
Expression of the tumor antigens NY-ESO-1, tyrosinase, MAGE-A3, and TPTE in pediatric and adult melanoma: a retrospective case control study. (PubMed, Virchows Arch)
BNT111, an investigational lipoplex-formulated mRNA-based therapeutic cancer vaccine encoding melanoma TAAs NY-ESO-1, tyrosinase, MAGE-A3, and TPTE, is undergoing clinical testing in adults. All four TAAs were expressed in pediatric melanoma, albeit NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A3 to a lesser extent than in adult melanoma. These data support the possibility of investigating vaccines targeting these TAAs for the treatment of pediatric melanoma.
Retrospective data • Journal • IO biomarker
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CTAG1B (Cancer/testis antigen 1B)
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BNT111
6ms
Targeting the interaction of pleiotrophin and VEGFA165 with protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor zeta 1 inhibits endothelial cell activation and angiogenesis. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol)
Finally, in silico and experimental evidence indicates that PTN and VEGFA165 bind to the extracellular fibronectin type-III (FNIII) domain to stimulate cell migration. Collectively, our data highlight novel aspects of the interaction of PTN and VEGFA165 with PTPRZ1, strengthen the notion that PTPRZ1 is required for VEGFA165-induced signaling, and identify a peptide that targets this interaction and can be exploited for the design of novel anti-angiogenic and anti-glioblastoma therapeutic approaches.
Journal
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PTPRZ1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type Z1)
6ms
Site-Specifically Modified Peptide Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B and T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase with Enhanced Stability and Improved In Vivo Long-Acting Activity. (PubMed, ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci)
In summary, we report here that site-specific modification and long fatty acid conjugation afforded cell-permeable peptidomimetic analogues of BimBH3 with enhanced stability, in vivo activity, and long-acting pharmacokinetic profile. Our findings could guide the further optimization of BimBH3 analogues and provide a proof-of-concept for PTP1B/TC-PTP targeting as a new therapeutic approach for T2DM, which may facilitate the discovery and development of alternative once-weekly anti-T2DM drug candidates.
Preclinical • Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • PTPN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2) • LEP (Leptin)
7ms
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) function, structure, and inhibition strategies to develop antidiabetic drugs. (PubMed, FEBS Lett)
This article reviews the main advances in the study of PTP1B since it was first isolated in 1988, as well as recent contextual information related to the PTP family to which this protein belongs. Furthermore, we offer an overview of the role of PTP1B in diabetes and obesity, and the challenges to developing selective, effective, potent, bioavailable, and cell-permeable compounds that can inhibit the enzyme.
Review • Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • LEP (Leptin)
7ms
Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type E (PTPRE) in Chemoresistant Retinoblastoma. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
Etoposide-resistant RB cell lines and RB patients display significant higher PTPRE expression levels compared to chemosensitive counterparts and the healthy human retina, respectively...Additionally, PTPRE KD led to altered phosphorylation of protein kinase SGK3 and-dependent on the cell line-AKT and ERK1/2, suggesting potential PTPRE downstream signaling pathways. In summary, these results indicate an oncogenic role of PTPRE in chemoresistant retinoblastoma.
Journal
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MIR31 (MicroRNA 31)
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etoposide IV
8ms
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PRL-3: A Key Player in Cancer Signaling. (PubMed, Biomolecules)
PRL-3-zumab, a humanized antibody, shows promise in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Our review summarizes the current understanding of the cancer-related cellular function of PRL-3, its prognostic value, and the research progress of therapeutic inhibitors.
Review • Journal
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PTP4A3 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 4A3)
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PRL3-Zumab
8ms
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in metabolic diseases and drug development. (PubMed, Nat Rev Endocrinol)
In this Review, we summarize the cellular processes and regulation of PTP1B, discuss evidence from in vivo preclinical and human studies of the association between PTP1B and different disorders, and discuss outcomes of clinical trials. We outline challenges associated with the targeting of this phosphatase (which was, until the past few years, viewed as difficult to target), the current state of the field of PTP1B inhibitors (and dual phosphatase inhibitors) and future directions for manipulating the activity of this key metabolic enzyme.
Review • Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • LEP (Leptin)
8ms
Neural conditional ablation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Delta PTPRD impairs gliogenesis in the developing mouse brain cortex. (PubMed, Front Cell Dev Biol)
According to our results, this decrease in gliogenesis resulted from a reduced number of radial glia cells at gliogenesis onset and a lower gliogenic potential in cortical neural precursors due to less activation of the JAK/STAT pathway and reduced expression of gliogenic genes. Our study shows PTPRD as a regulator of the glial/neuronal balance during cortical neurodevelopment and highlights the importance of studying glial development to understand the etiology of neurodevelopmental diseases.
Preclinical • Journal
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PTPRD (Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D)
9ms
Suramin inhibits phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells and neointima hyperplasia by suppressing transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 /Smad2/3 pathway activation. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol)
Suramin dramatically inhibited NIH ligation in the left common carotid artery (LCCA) vivo. Therefore, our results indicate that suramin protects against the development of pathological vascular remodelling by attenuating VSMCs proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation and may be used as a potential medicine for the treatment of NIH.
Journal
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SMAD2 (SMAD Family Member 2) • TGFBR1 (Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1)
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Germanin (suramin)
10ms
In Silico and In Vitro Mapping of Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type D in Health and Disease: Implications for Asprosin Signalling in Endometrial Cancer and Neuroblastoma. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel))
Our data indicate that PTPRD may have potential as a biomarker for malignancies such as EC and GBM, further implicating asprosin as a potential metabolic regulator in these cancers. Future studies are needed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms/signalling pathways that link PTPRD and asprosin in cancer.
Preclinical • Journal
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PTPRD (Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D)
10ms
Effect of sodium stibogluconate in recruiting and awakening immune cells in the pleural fluid of pancreatic cancer: preparation for immunotherapy. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
Our study showed that the process of SSG fusion treatment of ascites and pleural effusion, the interaction between TandNK cells, MPs cells, monocytes and neutrophils was induced, and large numbers of genes were expressed, resulting in upregulation of immune response, which also approved that SSG is not only used as a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, but also it works as a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. It can also be used to regulate immune cell function, recruiting immune cells to the right place with the help of PD-1 or PD-L1 to fight cancer cells in ascites and pleural effusions in cancer patients.
Journal • Immune cell
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PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1)
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Lenocta (sodium stibogluconate)
10ms
Discovery of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine derivatives as selective allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 for the treatment of KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. (PubMed, J Biomol Struct Dyn)
In this study, we used the previously reported SHP2 allosteric inhibitor IACS-13909 as a lead drug for structural derivation and modification, and synthesized three SHP2 inhibitors...Furthermore, the combination therapy of compound 4b and KRAS inhibitor sotorasib would play a strong synergistic effect against NCI-H358 cells...Molecular docking study predicted that compound 4b bound to the allosteric site of SHP2 and formed H-bond interactions with key residues Thr108, Glu110, Arg111, and Phe113. In summary, this study aims to provide new ideas for the development of SHP2 allosteric inhibitors for the treatment of KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Journal
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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase)
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KRAS mutation
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Lumakras (sotorasib) • BMS-986466
10ms
Druggable targets of protein tyrosine phosphatase Family, viz. PTP1B, SHP2, Cdc25, and LMW-PTP: Current scenario on medicinal Attributes, and SAR insights. (PubMed, Bioorg Chem)
Recent developments in the synthetic molecules bearing heterocyclic moieties against these targets have been explored to gain insight into structural features. The elaborated SAR investigation revealed the effect of substituents on the potency and target selectivity, which can be implicated in the further discovery of newer medicinal agents targeting the druggable members of the PTP superfamily.
Review • Journal
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PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1) • RASGRF1 (Ras Protein Specific Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Factor 1) • GNRP (Ras-Specific Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Factor 1) • LEP (Leptin)
11ms
NVG-291 in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=40, Recruiting, NervGen Pharma | Phase classification: P1b/2a --> P1/2
Phase classification
11ms
NVG-291 in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects (clinicaltrials.gov)
P1/2, N=40, Recruiting, NervGen Pharma
New P1/2 trial
11ms
Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRO represses lung adenocarcinoma progression by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and restraining tumor metastasis. (PubMed, Cell Death Dis)
Furthermore, the anti-tumor effect of PTPRO in LUAD was significant but compromised in STAT3-deficient cells. These data support the remarkable suppressive role of PTPRO in LUAD, which may represent a viable therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
Journal • PARP Biomarker • IO biomarker
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BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • CDH1 (Cadherin 1) • BAX (BCL2-associated X protein) • CASP3 (Caspase 3) • CASP9 (Caspase 9) • CDH2 (Cadherin 2)
|
BCL2 expression • BAX expression
11ms
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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Lenocta (sodium stibogluconate)
12ms
Deletion of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 for adoptive T cell therapy facilitates CTL effector function but promotes T cell exhaustion. (PubMed, J Immunother Cancer)
This study questions whether TIM-3 plays a role as an IR and highlights that genetic manipulation of T cells for ACT needs to balance short-term augmented effector function against the risk of T cell exhaustion in order to achieve longer-term protection.
Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • HAVCR2 (Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2) • IL2 (Interleukin 2) • PTPN22 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 22)
|
HAVCR2 expression • PTPN2 mutation
12ms
A multi-center study on the efficacy and safety of suramin sodium in adult patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) (ChiCTR2000030029)
P=N/A, N=20, Not yet recruiting, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine | Phase classification: P1 --> P=N/A
Phase classification
|
Germanin (suramin)
12ms
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11 Gene Mutation (ASH 2023)
Our study suggests that PTPN11 VAF may not serve as a prognostic factor in patients with PTPN11 mut AML. However, newly diagnosed patients with high white blood cell count and poor performance status were identified as independent risk factors for EFS in PTPN11 mut AML.
Clinical
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FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • PTPN11 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11) • PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
|
FLT3-ITD mutation • PTPN11 mutation
12ms
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11 Gene Mutation. (PubMed, Pharmgenomics Pers Med)
Our study observed that PTPN11 VAF may not be a prognostic factor in patients with PTPN11 AML. Newly diagnosed high white blood cell count and poor performance status were independent risk factors for EFS in PTPN11 AML.
Journal
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FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3) • PTPN11 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11) • PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
|
FLT3-ITD mutation • PTPN11 mutation
1year
RNA-seq revealed the anti-pyroptotic effect of suramin by suppressing NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway in LPS-induced MH-S alveolar macrophages. (PubMed, Gene)
Suramin could inhibit NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD canonical pyroptosis pathway in LPS-induced MH-S alveolar macrophages.
Journal
|
IL6 (Interleukin 6) • TNFA (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) • IL18 (Interleukin 18) • IL17A (Interleukin 17A) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta) • NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3) • NOD1 (Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1)
|
Germanin (suramin)
1year
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45 As an Immunity Regulator and a Potential Effector of CAR-T therapy. (PubMed, Acta Naturae)
Despite extensive research into the structure and functions of CD45, the molecular mechanisms behind its role in transmitting signals from T-cell receptors and chimeric antigen receptors remain not fully understood. It is of utmost importance to comprehend the structural features of CD45 and its function in regulating immune system cell activation to study oncological diseases and the impact of CD45 on lymphocytes and T cells modified by chimeric antigen receptors.
Journal • IO biomarker
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PTPRC (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C)
1year
Mometasone Furoate Inhibits the Progression of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Regulating Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11. (PubMed, Biomedicines)
Finally, MF could attenuate the effects of increased cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis caused by PTPN11 overexpression, suggesting that MF can inhibit the progression of HNSCC by regulating PTPN11. MF targeted PTPN11, promoting cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis, and consequently exerting effective anti-tumor activity.
Journal
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PTPN11 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11) • PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
|
PTPN1 overexpression
1year
Enrollment closed
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
BRAF mutation • BRAF V600
|
Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • BNT111
over1year
Brain-specific glycosylation enzyme GnT-IX maintains levels of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor PTPRZ, thereby mediating glioma growth PTPRZ glycosylation regulates glioma growth. (PubMed, J Biol Chem)
Finally, since deficiency of O-Man core M2 branching enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IX (GnT-IX) was reported to reduce PTPRZ protein levels, we disrupted the GnT-IX gene in LN-229 cells and found a significant reduction of glioma growth both in vitro and in the xenograft model. These results suggest that the PTPR glycosylation enzyme GnT-IX may represent a promising therapeutic target for glioma.
Journal
|
PTPRZ1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type Z1)
over1year
Trial With BNT111 and Cemiplimab in Combination or as Single Agents in Patients With Anti-PD-1-refractory/Relapsed, Unresectable Stage III or IV Melanoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
P2, N=180, Recruiting, BioNTech SE | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 --> Jul 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Nov 2025
Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
|
BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
|
BRAF mutation • BRAF V600
|
Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) • BNT111
over1year
Trial completion • Metastases
|
CTAG1B (Cancer/testis antigen 1B)
|
BNT111
over1year
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor 11 (PTPN11/Shp2) as a Driver Oncogene and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
The SHP2 inhibitor, in combination with the PI3K targeting therapy copanlisib, showed no significant difference in tumour development in vivo; however, this significantly prevented MAPK pathway induction in vitro (p < 0.0001). PTPN11/Shp2 demonstrated the in vitro features of a driver oncogene and could potentially sensitize NSCLC cells to PI3K inhibition and inhibit MAPK pathway activation following PI3K pathway targeting.
Journal
|
KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • PTPN11 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11)
|
KRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • PTPN11 mutation
|
Aliqopa (copanlisib)
over1year
Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 exerts antimetastatic functions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (PubMed, Mol Carcinog)
Moreover, according to chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, PTPN2 depletion transcriptionally activated MMP-1 via regulating the interaction of p-STAT3 with its distal promoter. This study, for the first time, demonstrated that PTPN2 inhibited PDAC metastasis, and presented a novel PTPN2/p-STAT3/MMP-1 axis in PDAC progression.
Journal • Metastases
|
STAT3 (Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3) • PTPN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2) • MMP1 (Matrix metallopeptidase 1)
|
PTPN2 mutation
over1year
Role of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type M in epithelial ovarian cancer progression. (PubMed, J Ovarian Res)
PTPRM expression was low in patients with EOC, and the PTPRM positive-expression rate significantly decreased with progressing stages of EOC and tumor recurrence, suggesting that PTPRM acts as a tumor suppressor in EOC progression. Negative PTPRM expression may predict poor clinical outcomes in patients with EOC.
Journal
over1year
Teaching an old dog new tricks: A new tool for protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate discovery. (PubMed, J Biol Chem)
This method revealed interaction networks in breast cancer cell models and discovered novel targets of PTP1B that regulate HER2 signaling pathways. This strategy represents a versatile new tool for identifying the functional interactions between PTPs and their substrates.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
over1year
Coupling substrate-trapping with proximity-labeling to identify protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B signaling networks. (PubMed, J Biol Chem)
Advantages of this new approach are illustrated through application to PTP1B interaction networks in models of HER2-positive and Herceptin-resistant breast cancer...Using differential analysis, comparing substrate-trapping to wild-type PTP1B, we have identified multiple unreported protein targets of PTP1B with established links to HER2-induced signaling and provided internal validation of method specificity through overlap with previously identified substrate candidates. Overall, this versatile approach can be readily integrated with evolving proximity-labeling platforms (TurboID, BioID2, etc.), and is broadly applicable across all PTP family members for the identification of conditional substrate specificities and signaling nodes in models of human disease.
Journal
|
HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1)
|
HER-2 positive
|
Herceptin (trastuzumab)
over1year
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Zeta 1 as a Potential Target in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
In this review, we present evidence on the role of PTPRZ1 in angiogenesis and cancer and discuss the phenomenal differences among the different types of cancer, depending on the regulation of its tyrosine phosphatase activity or ligand binding. Clarifying the involved signaling pathways will lead to its efficient exploitation as a novel therapeutic target or as a biomarker, and the development of proper therapeutic approaches.
Review • Journal
|
PTPRZ1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type Z1)