PRL (Prolactin)

She was initially managed conservatively with stress-dose hydrocortisone and low-dose cabergoline under close clinical and visual monitoring...Postoperatively, she developed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea that resolved with lumbar drainage, as well as transient diabetes insipidus treated with desmopressin...In hemorrhagic sellar lesions, markedly elevated prolactin may reflect either a prolactinoma or stalk effect; a rapid postoperative prolactin decline supports stalk compression as the dominant mechanism. Close observation during conservative management is essential, and clinical deterioration should prompt timely surgical decompression to optimize neurological and endocrine outcomes.

The objective of this report is to show the aggressive invasive nature of giant prolactinoma with rare clinical presentation of recurrent nasal bleeds and the use of cabergoline in the successful management of patients having severe symptoms of extreme headaches and bitemporal hemianopia along with intracranial invasion of tumor...In conclusion, managing giant prolactinomas requires a multidisciplinary approach, with dopamine agonists as the cornerstone of treatment. Individualized strategies, adjunctive therapies, and regular monitoring ensure comprehensive care.

Within 6 months of initiation, risperidone use in drug-naive pediatric patients was associated with increased weight and abdominal adiposity, early prolactin elevation, HDL reduction, and clinical improvement. Waist circumference showed a strong dose-dependent association and should be routinely monitored along with metabolic and endocrine parameters.

This case highlights the potential utility of IPSS in selected patients with hyperprolactinemia and bilateral pituitary tumors. This technique may be helpful in guiding surgical decision-making in prolactinoma patients with multiple sellar masses. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25511.

This study suggests that we need to evaluate clinically and in detail the autonomic dysregulation and hypoventilation in order to diagnose ROHHAD (-NET) syndrome in its early stages. Additionally, anti-ZSCAN1 antibody titers reflect the association of neural crest tumors (NCT) and may serve as a potential marker for the efficacy of tumor therapy. We also propose the anti-ZSCAN1 antibody titer as an indicator for the clinical management of ROHHAD (-NET) syndrome.

In patients with non-functioning sellar masses, serum prolactin levels rarely exceed 70 ng/ml. This threshold may serve as a useful diagnostic marker to distinguish stalk effect from prolactinomas. Prospective validation in larger cohorts is warranted.

ML models trained on hormone profiles and fibroid characteristics were able to reproduce prevailing surgical classification patterns, largely reflecting strong baseline separability driven by age- and menopause-associated hormonal profiles, with consistent performance observed in an independent blinded validation cohort. These findings support the feasibility of quantitatively modeling routine decision structures, while highlighting the need for further validation in clinically heterogeneous and ambiguous cases.

P=N/A, N=152, Not yet recruiting, Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University; Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University

Tumor-endothelial cell proliferative interaction is specific to PRL-secreting and non-functioning PitNETs. These findings suggest that digital analysis of MIB1 and VEGF expression may serve as a valuable tool for risk stratification in PitNETs.

Dopamine agonist (DA) cabergoline (0.25 mg twice weekly) was initiated, and serum prolactin levels reached 3941 ng/mL (SI: 171.3 nmol/L) after 2 doses...Our case and review of 7 published cases of DA-induced pneumocephalus highlights male predominance, median tumor size of 5.5 cm (range, 4-9.5 cm), and onset within 1 to 12 weeks of initiation of DA therapy. Hence, for giant prolactinomas after DA initiation, it is essential to recognize the symptom complex associated with this rare life-threatening complication, pneumocephalus, and offer emergency surgical intervention.

This alignment underscores the model's practical reliability and its potential to reduce subjective variability in surgical decision-making. By providing a reproducible and clinically consistent framework, the proposed AI-based system represents a meaningful advancement toward the validated integration of computational decision tools into routine gynecological practice.

On the other hand, early radiological tumor shrinkage may predict favorable treatment outcomes. However, new markers of DA resistance, particularly molecular ones, should be identified.