Drug sensitivity, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics analyses indicated that ITGA5 may enhance the sensitivity of HCC to drug TGX221. Finally, cell phenotype experiments confirmed that ITGA5 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, and while overexpression exacerbated malignant phenotypes. Our analyses showed that ITGA5 is a key migrasome-related gene involved in the proliferation and metastasis of HCC that has promise as a therapeutic target and candidate prognostic indicator.

In our study, KCTD10 was identified as a focal point through an integrative analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across multiple datasets (GSE43292 and GSE9820) from the GEO database, aligned with immune-related gene sets from the ImmPort database...This research elucidates the complex relationship between KCTD10 and AS, underscoring its potential as a novel biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring the disease. Our findings provide a solid foundation for further investigations, suggesting that targeting KCTD10-related pathways could markedly advance our understanding and management of AS, offering new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

An integrated multi-modal imaging workflow was developed to assess the heterogeneity of AZD2014 (mTORC1/2 inhibitor) response in a PTEN-null renal cancer model...Increasing PI3K-AKT inhibition by combining with AZD8186 (PI3Kβ inhibitor) further decreased the control-like metabolic signature, showing PI3K-dependent resistance. This demonstrates that MSI-based workflows yield novel insights into the pharmacodynamic effects of mTORC1/2 inhibition in tumours, which classical biomarkers do not resolve. Coupling these workflows with spatial-omics approaches can deliver greater insights into heterogeneity of treatment response.

P=N/A, N=400, Completed, Yonsei University | Phase classification: P2 --> P=N/A

P2, N=400, Completed, Yonsei University | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2024

ARGs played an important role in the progression, immune infiltration, and prognosis of BLCA. The ARGs model has high accuracy in predicting the prognosis of BLCA patients and provides more effective medication guidelines.

Finally, we recommended KGs-guided four repurposable drug molecules (Fluoxetine, Vatalanib, TGX221 and RO3306) against GBM through molecular docking, drug likeness, ADMET analyses and molecular dynamics simulation studies. Thus, the discoveries of this study could serve as valuable resources for wet-lab experiments in order to take a proper treatment plan against GBM.

P1, N=23, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Oct 2025

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2024 --> Nov 2025

Further correlational analysis revealed a significant negative association of TREM2 expression with sensitivity to AZD8186, which is a selective inhibitor of PI3K, but not gemcitabine and paclitaxel. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis identified that TREM2 expression level was correlated with the TME and the immunosuppressive effects. In particular, our study indicated that TREM2 was involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Despite resistance to immunotherapy, the high-risk group showed sensitivity to molecular targeted agents directed at IGF-1R (BMS-754807) and the PI3K-mTOR pathways (AZD8186, AZD8055). This study unveils the intricate interplay between TME and metabolic pathways in gastric cancer, offering potential for enhanced diagnosis, patient stratification, and personalized treatment. Understanding molecular features in each subtype enriches our comprehension of gastric cancer heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets.

Patients with low HiMG may be potential responders to rapamycin, erlotinib and FH535, while AZD6482 and CHIR-99,021 may be more suitable for patients with high HiMG levels. ccRCC histone modification distribution and a clinical signature for prognosis prediction, clinical decision making, and molecular mechanism exploration, were established for risk stratification and personalized treatments.

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI)

In conclusion, we developed a novel T cell exhaustion-associated signature, which holds considerable predictive value for both the prognosis of patients with HNSCC and the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy.

TGX-221, a PIK3CB-selective inhibitor, which can block this signaling transduction pathway, was found to inhibit the growth of GC cells and induce apoptosis in vitro, implying that it may act as a potential development agent for GC. These collective findings provide a new insight into PI3K/AKT signaling that SP1 may function as an upstream factor on PI3K, forming a new signaling axis to promote the progression of GC or other malignancies.

Oral cancer patients with higher ZIC2 expression showed higher drug sensitivity to two compounds including AZD8186 and ERK_2240. We demonstrated the upregulation of ZIC2 in oral cancer and its promoting effect on the clinical advancement of oral cancer. The potential clinical value of ZIC2 in oral cancer deserves attention.

Low-score glioma patients were sensitive to AZD3759_1915, AZD5582_1617, AZD8186_1918, Dasatinib_1079, and Temozolomide_1375, while high-score patients were less sensitive to these drugs. Silencing COL8A1 inhibited the malignant characterization. Temozolomide and AZD3759 inhibited COL8A1 expression and cell viability and promoted apoptosis and parthanatos gene expression, which is a target to improve glioma.

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2023 --> Nov 2024

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Nov 2023 --> Nov 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2023 --> Nov 2024

P1, N=23, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Sep 2024

The low-risk group was sensitive to the immune checkpoint PD-1 inhibitor, and the high-risk group exhibited lower inhibitory concentration values by 50% for 24 drugs, including AG.014699, AMG.706, and AZD6482. The prognostic stratification framework of patients with OS based on ARGs, such as BNIP3 and CXCL12, may lead to more efficient clinical management.

We hypothesized that GEMIN4 may be the potential target for the treatment of BLBC.

P1/2, N=27, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2025

CENPO was found to be positively associated with the expression levels of immune checkpoints and drug IC50 value (Roscovitine and TGX221), but negatively associated with the fraction levels of several immature cells and drug IC50 value (CCT018159, GSK1904529A, Lenaildomide, and PD-173074). The removal of CENPO significantly suppressed metastasis and induced arrest and apoptosis of LUAD cells. The involvement of CENPO in the immunosuppression of LUAD provides a prognostic signature for LUAD patients.

G6PD is highly expressed in gastrointestinal cancers. It is a carcinogenic indicator related to prognosis and can be used as a potential diagnostic marker of gastrointestinal cancers, so as to provide new strategy for cancer treatment.

This study elucidated the role and mechanism of BNIP3, PTGIS, and ZYX in OS progression and was well verified by the experimental results, enabling reliable prognostic means and treatment strategies to be proposed for OS patients.

Although the combination of AZD8186 and paclitaxel was well tolerated, limited clinical efficacy was observed.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04001569.

P1, N=21, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | N=58 --> 21 | Trial completion date: Apr 2023 --> Mar 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2023 --> Jul 2022

In PTEN-present tumors, BYL719 (BYL, a PI3Kα inhibitor) synergized with αPD1 to delay tumor growth and extend survival (median survival of MC38-bearing mice in control (Ctrl), BYL, αPD1, and combination (Comb) groups: 30, 36, 33, and >45 respectively; p<0.05: Ctrl/BYL/αPD1 vs Comb). However, a limited combinatorial effect between GSK2636771(a PI3Kβ inhibitor) and αPD1 was observed in PTEN-present tumor models...Collectively, our results demonstrate that PI3Kα inhibitor can potentiate T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses regardless of PTEN status, providing a strong rationale for the clinical development of the BYL-based IO combination. In collaboration with Novartis, MD Anderson Cancer Center will launch a Phase I/II trial of the FDA-approved BYL in combination with αPD1 in advanced melanoma and breast cancer patients.

The sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil was positively correlated with VEGF-C, and the sensitivity of TGX221 was negatively correlated with VEGF-C. The activity of BI-2536 and BRD-A94377914 was positively correlated with VEGF-C. Novel LUAD prognostic biomarkers such as VEGF-C mRNA may aid diagnosis and treatment, and may help identify optimal LUAD populations for therapeutic treatments.

P1/2, N=27, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Dec 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2022 --> Dec 2023

Moreover, AZD5363 and AZD8186 were the inhibitors of AKT and PI3K, respectively, and had lower IC50 and AUC in the low-score CSS group than it in the high-score CSS group. Besides, a scoring system based on CRGs can predict the efficacy of targeted drugs and immune response. These findings may improve our understanding of CRGs in LUAD and pave a new path for the assessment of prognosis and the development of more effective targeted therapy and immunotherapy strategies.

The PI3K inhibitors which are under clinical trial studies include GDC-0032, INK1117 for PI3K-α, and AZD8186 for PI3K-β. This review primarily focuses on the structural insights and structure anticancer activity relationship studies of recent PI3K inhibitors including their clinical stages of development and therapeutic values.

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2022 --> Nov 2023

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2022 --> Nov 2023

The combinatorial effect was seen also in the background of TP53 mutations and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformed cells. In conclusion, combinatorial ALK- and PI3Kβ-inhibitor treatment carries promise as a treatment for ALK-rearranged NSCLC.

We demonstrate that pan Bcl-2 family inhibition (ABT-263, rER: 1.52-1.56) or Bcl-xL specific inhibition (WEHI-539, A-1331852; rER: 1.31-2.00) radiosensitized wild-type PIK3CA/PTEN TNBC (MDA-MB-231, CAL-120) but failed to radiosensitize mutant PIK3CA/PTEN TNBC (rER: 0.90 - 1.07; MDA-MB-468, CAL-51, SUM-159). In vivo, ABT-263 or A-1331852 in combination with RT decreased tumor growth and increased tumor tripling time (p < 0.0001) in PIK3CA/PTEN wild-type TNBC cell line and patient-derived xenografts. Collectively, this study provides the preclinical rationale for early phase clinical trials testing the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of Bcl-xL inhibition and RT in women with wild-type PIK3CA/PTEN wild-type TNBC at high risk for recurrence.

The combined treatment with AZD8186 and the mTOR inhibitor AZD2014 overcame resistance to PI3Kβ/δ inhibition and completely prevented outgrowth of lymphoma cells in vivo in cell line- and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Collectively, our study reveals that subsets of DLBCLs are addicted to PI3Kβ/δ signaling and thus identifies a previously unappreciated role of the PI3Kβ isoform in DLBCL survival. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that combined targeting of PI3Kβ/δ and mTOR is effective in all major DLBCL subtypes supporting the evaluation of this strategy in a clinical trial setting.