PGR (Progesterone receptor)

NDRG1 protein expression is statistically significantly associated with regional metastasis of breast cancer (p=0.015). The differences were due to a higher frequency of cases with NDRG1 positive versus negative status in the group of breast cancer with lymph node metastases.

Most importantly, our data revealed the minimal impact of thymol treatment on the eutopic endometrium and its crucial role in supporting pregnancy, thus indicating the safety of thymol in treating endometriosis. Overall, our study suggests that thymol holds promising therapeutic implications for endometriosis by virtue of its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to antagonize estrogen activity.

Adjusting treatment strategies based on BMI across different menopausal statuses and tumor subtypes could improve outcome for patients with ER-positive/PR-positive tumors.

The absence of calcifications, non-mass lesions, lack of vascularity, and the non-enlarged scope can lead to misdiagnosis of DCIS and DCISM. Understanding the CEUS and clinicopathologic features of DCISM lesions may alert clinicians to the possibility of microinvasion and guide appropriate management.

Chemotherapy is more effective in patients with YWBC. We need to pay more attention to this group and achieve individualized treatment, which will facilitate improved treatment of BC and provide new targets and blueprints for clinical therapy.

These systems have good prospects in improving the bioavailability of PTX, enhancing tumor targeting, reducing toxicity, controlling drug release, and reverse tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). This review provides valuable insights into the clinical development and application of PTX-targeted NDDS in the treatment of TNBC.

We delve into the specifics of PARPi, androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors, Cancer stem cells (CSCs), PI3K/ Protein Kinase B (AKT)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Ntoch, Wnt/β-catenin, hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors, Epigenetic target-mediated drug delivery, ADCs, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)and novel immunotherapeutic solutions, contextualizing TNBC within current treatment paradigms. By elucidating the mechanisms of these drugs and their prospective clinical applications, we aim to shed light on the challenges and underscore the beacon of hope that translational research and innovative therapies represent for the oncology field.

Our study suggests differential tamoxifen benefit by menopausal status. Improved long-term endocrine therapy prediction in premenopausal patients is needed and could involve molecular markers because standard tumor characteristics cannot predict benefit beyond 10 years.

P2, N=333, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Mar 2025

P2, N=60, Active, not recruiting, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2025

P2, N=200, Recruiting, Oana Danciu | Trial completion date: Dec 2027 --> Aug 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Aug 2028

This study is the first to document a significant association between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and breast cancer incidence through meta-analysis. Air pollution has a pronounced impact on postmenopausal breast cancer, and the strength of the association between specific air pollutants and breast cancer incidence varies across regions. These findings suggest that long-term exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 may increase the incidence of breast cancer.

Immunohistochemical techniques were positive for vimentin and CD34 in vascular structures; negative for pan-keratin, S-100 protein, desmin, smooth muscle actin, and estrogen and progesterone receptors. A superficial angiomyxoma of scrotal location was diagnosed.

The authors review the sparse literature on molecular-genetic aberrations involving the epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases (ERBB1/EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4) in uterine mesenchymal tumors, a review that suggests that such tumors may be pathologically heterogeneous. The potential clinical significance of demonstrating a targetable ERBB2/ERBB3 tyrosine kinase mutation or other EGFR family aberrations, as well as its distinctive pathologic profile, supports the segregation of the tumor reported herein as a distinct and emerging entity.

P3, N=254, Active, not recruiting, Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Mar 2025

P2, N=106, Completed, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

We found that Basal like breast cancer, HER2+, and stage 3 increase the chance of EpCAM positivity. It seems that EPCAM positive cancer has more chance for recurrence and metastasis.

Dural metastases can occur as a subsequent event in patients with poorly controlled extensive bone metastases, with the frontoparietal area being the most commonly involved site. Radiotherapeutic strategy is highly influenced by the associated metastatic volume of DM, and radiotherapy was found to improve prognosis in these patients.

Harmaline was found to promote apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in TNBC cells by targeting the inhibition of c-Myc. It also induced the re-expression of the ER, PR, and HER-2 genes, as well as the ER and PR proteins.

Drug sensitivity analysis, molecular docking, and cell experiments consistently demonstrated positive correlations between F2R expression and sensitivity to dasatinib. This study underscores the potential of F2R as a valuable biomarker in BC, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis.

The final diagnosis was leiomyoma coexisting with low-grade ESS, classified as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB. The patient received no further treatment and remains disease-free after 45 months.

These findings highlight the potential roles of LIF and avβ3 in IUA prevention strategies and provide important insights for future clinical interventions. Tubal mucosal cells can not only grow in the endometrial cell microenvironment, but also the tolerance of tubal mucosal cells can be improved when they are co-cultured.

P1, N=24, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Phase classification: P1/2 --> P1 | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Jul 2025

P2, N=21, Active, not recruiting, University of Wisconsin, Madison | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

Once a gastric-type phenotype is confirmed, mutation surrogate immunostains can be used to support a diagnosis of GAS. PD-L1 and HER2 expression is seen in a subset of GAS offering therapeutic options for this aggressive tumor.

In this study, an association between tumour and stromal cell C5aR2 expression and age, grade, receptor status, proliferation rate, and post-treatment response was identified.

P=N/A, N=65, Recruiting, Menarini Silicon Biosystems, INC | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Aug 2026

P2, N=29, Active, not recruiting, University of Chicago | Trial completion date: Aug 2024 --> Aug 2026

P3, N=463, Active, not recruiting, Eli Lilly and Company | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jan 2026

Our findings showed that progesterone affects its receptor expression on K562 cells. Thus it may influence the performance of K562 cells in addition to its direct effects on these cells (via binding to its receptors).

EC imaging phenotypes identified through MRI radiomics features were associated with pathologic, molecular characteristics, and DFS, suggesting potential for preoperative risk stratification.

Absolute SUV threshold methods with a threshold of 2.0 are recommended for calculating volume-based metabolic parameters due to their strong correlation with immunohistochemical factors in invasive ductal breast cancer.

Moreover, the expression levels of NCLN in ECs demonstrate associations with distinct histological types. These observations suggest that NCLN could emerge as a promising marker in the histological classification of ECs.

Our study is the first in the literature to evaluate the relationship between MVD measured using CD34 and FOXP3 positive T cells in breast cancer. Our study found no correlation between MVD and FOXP3 positivity, while literature data show significant correlations in some other cancers.

P2, N=169, Completed, Melissa K Accordino | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Notably, the combined approach of ET and CDK4/6 inhibitor represents a novel intervention in managing DCBM in patients with LBC.

Hormonal or endocrine therapy includes selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) such as raloxifene, tamoxifen and toremifene, selective estrogen-receptor degraders (SERDs) including elacestrant and fulvestrant, and aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane...These agents include taxanes (docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel, and paclitaxel), anthracyclines (doxorubicin, epirubicin), anti-metabolites (capecitabine, gemcitabine, fluorouracil, methotrexate), alkylating agents (carboplatin, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide), and drugs that target microtubules (eribulin, ixabepilone, ado-trastuzumab emtansine). Patients with ER-positive tumors are treated with 5-10 years of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. For patients with metastatic breast cancer, standard first-line and follow-up therapy options include targeted approaches such as CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, and anti-PDL1 immunotherapy, depending on the tumor type and molecular profile.

By searching for potential drugs in Drugbank database, we have identified four candidates (phenethyl isothiocyanate, amuvatinib, theophylline, trifluridine) for targeting these genes. In conclusion, we believe that these drugs and their analogs could be used in the targeted therapy of breast cancer in the future.

When evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, the model achieved an average test set area under the curve (AUC) of 0.799 and a training set AUC of 0.852. The clinical-radiomic model has the potential to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.

P2, N=220, Not yet recruiting, UNICANCER | Phase classification: P3 --> P2 | N=418 --> 220 | Trial completion date: Jan 2029 --> Jun 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jun 2028

P2, N=139, Terminated, Jules Bordet Institute | N=1065 --> 139 | Trial completion date: Mar 2029 --> Nov 2024 | Suspended --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2027 --> Nov 2024; Serious concerns on the slow recruitment of the study that impacts the robustness of the scientific rationale and the study financial provision. It aims to assess carefully the situation and to evaluate the potential solutions to overcome the issues.

Here we show the potent impact of dapivirine on MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, while NNRTI like nevirapine showed marginal effects...Taken together, dapivirine exhibits the potential to be considered as a repurposed drug for TNBC as monotherapy/combination therapy. Notably, it could also potentially be a treatment for individuals with dual ailments, such as HIV and TNBC, if the clinical outcomes with dapivirine for TNBC become favorable.