Regulating HIF-2α stabilization with an intelligent switchable nanoplatform for tumor immunity reprogramming and enhanced therapy. (PubMed, Biomaterials)
Upon ultrasound exposure as an "exogenous switch," activated Ce6, together with Vitamin K3 and Mn2+, induces a robust ROS storm, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and immunogenic cell death (ICD), while effectively reprogramming the chronic hypoxia-HIF-2α-driven immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated that Lenvatinib therapy, when combined with the nanoplatform, further suppressed chronic hypoxia-HIF-2α-driven abnormal angiogenesis, enhanced CD8+ T-cell infiltration, and boosted antitumor immune responses, ultimately achieving a potent synergistic therapeutic effect and promoting the conversion of "cold tumors" into "hot tumors." This study provides strong experimental evidence that nanoplatform-mediated immune microenvironment reprogramming represents a precisely controllable and highly effective therapeutic strategy for solid tumors, with promising translational potential in hepatocellular carcinoma.