PAX5 (Paired Box 5)

There were high levels of Ki-67 proliferation indices in the aggressive lymphoma sub-types e.g. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and T-cell lymphomas. The study helps to recommend a restricted yet cost-effective panel of IHC markers to attain reliable diagnosis and prognosis of lymphoma particularly in lower resource settings.

The patient received high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy according to the DeAngelis protocol, combined with rituximab, selected to optimise disease control while minimising the neurotoxicity associated with whole-brain radiotherapy. She achieved visual recovery to 6/9 and regression of the central nervous system (CNS) lesion. This case underscores the importance of recognising pathognomonic retinal signs and employing molecular immunophenotyping to enable timely, life-saving, neuro-sparing therapy.

Discontinuation of the culprit drug resulted in the remission of cutaneous symptoms. Because lymph node lesions in DIHS/DRESS also demonstrate HL-like histology, this case suggests that HH, while a novel and distinct histiocytic/dendritic cell disorder, may be associated with lymph nodal lesions occurring in the context of DIHS/DRESS.

Multivariate analysis identified CD83 IHC high expression as an independent predictor of non-SR cases. High CD83 expression is an independent prognostic factor in MTX-associated IDD-DLBCL, and combined evaluation may refine risk stratification and guide clinical decisions.

In the absence of systemic involvement, the patient was diagnosed with primary classical Hodgkin lymphoma of the bladder. This rare presentation highlights the importance of considering classical Hodgkin lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors with atypical morphology.

PDGFRB-rearranged ALL in children is uncommon, is most often detected in B-ALL, and presents at a relatively older age. Fusion partners are diverse and frequently co-occur with additional gene mutations. Despite high initial remission, MRD negativity and molecular clearance rates remain suboptimal, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may improve prognosis.

For ALL, recommendations highlighted avoiding transplant in most Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients achieving minimal residual disease (MRD)-negativity by noting the high relapse risk with certain IKZF1, CDKN2A/B, and PAX5 aberrations, and administering blinatumomab regardless of MRD status in Philadelphia chromosome-positive and -negative ALL...Future directions include refining treatment sequencing, improving outcomes for high-risk subtypes, evaluating the role of HSCT in the era of novel therapies, and standardizing MRD assessment. This consensus report provides valuable expert insights to inform clinical practice and guide future research in leukemia.

Single‑cell transcriptomic analysis further supported the functional relevance of the CD74‑Pax5 axis in septic B cells. In summary, this study identifies CD74 as a critical regulator of sepsis-associated B-cell immunosuppression and highlights its therapeutic potential for immune reconstitution in sepsis.

The patient was treated per an intermediate-risk pediatric lymphoma protocol, achieving complete resolution of the facial swelling after 3 weeks of induction chemotherapy. This case highlights that B-LBL is a highly aggressive lymphoma, most common in children, often involving the head and neck skin, and is prone to misdiagnosis, thus underscoring the importance of early biopsy and standardized treatment.

Given the indolent nature, the patient was managed with active surveillance. This case highlights an unusual intramuscular presentation of NHL, emphasizing the importance of histopathological and molecular evaluation for accurate diagnosis and tailored management.

This case underscores the role of PAX5 in lineage plasticity and highlights the potential of targeted MEK inhibition in MAPK-driven HS arising from B-ALL. The authors have confirmed clinical trial registration is not needed for this submission.

This study demonstrates the utility of combined SNP 6.0 microarray and MLPA in providing a comprehensive and refined understanding of the genetic landscape of BCP-ALL in the Malaysian population. This understanding may facilitate risk stratification and the development of personalized treatment strategies.