Ovarian Cancer

On microscopic evaluation, the tumor was composed of solid nests and sheets of small rounded cells, and on Immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation, the tumor cells showed intense cell-membranous immunoactivity for MIC2 protein (CD99). In the differential diagnosis of any invasive pelvic tumor in young women, pPNET should be considered.

Capecitabine enhances miR-29b-3p expression, leading to the downregulation of MMP16, thereby inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.

However, the treatment is associated with a high incidence of gastrointestinal and hematological AEs, raising the need for careful patient selection. Further studies are required to refine the therapeutic regimen and ensure an optimal balance between efficacy and safety.

The KLF5 silence could restrain the OC cell proliferation and cell cycle. KLF5-siRNA may target upregulating RREB1 expression, thereby inhibiting the activation of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in OC cells.

Moreover, a CDDP treatment followed by niraparib maintenance therapy in combination with ATRA improved the survival of EOC-bearing mice. Mechanistically, ATRA down-regulates the expression of these genes and level of intracellular NAD+. Our results suggest that ATRA in conjunction with PARPi represents a promising maintenance therapeutic strategy for EOC.

This study demonstrated pro-metastatic mechanisms of transcription factor SPI1/FTL axis in OC and suggested it as a potential target for treating OC metastasis.

The results demonstrate that this test can accurately quantitate the level of promoter methylation at the BRCA1 and RAD51C genes using FFPE samples, even when the extracted DNA is extremely degraded or the input amount is limited. This test increases the precision of diagnostic tests aimed at identifying patients who are likely and unlikely to respond to PARP inhibitor therapy.

P1/2, N=97, Active, not recruiting, NextCure, Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=209 --> 97

P2, N=166, Terminated, SOTIO Biotech AG | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Due to lack of expected efficacy shown at the time of the interim analysis

P1, N=42, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Feb 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 --> Feb 2027

P2, N=105, Recruiting, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University

Comprehensive genomic profiling of advanced-stage TOC and UC via WGS reveals key biomarkers and therapeutic targets, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and advancing personalized medicine in gynecological cancers.

Structural analysis indicates that all BRCA1 mutations to proline tested disrupt α-helix formation and therefore are not well tolerated even when located at positions outside of the PALB2-binding interface. This assay and the structural hypothesis described will be helpful for assessing risk for variants identified in the future in the BRCA1/PALB2 interaction domains.

No abstract available

Genomic instability in HGSOC affects the tumor immune environment, and TAMs play a crucial role in modulating the immune response. Based on various datasets, we have developed a diagnostic application that uses RNA sequencing data not only to comprehensively characterize HGSOC but also to predict vulnerability and response to combination immunotherapy.

P=N/A, N=160, Active, not recruiting, University of Exeter | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025

P1, N=17, Completed, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Two hundred sixty-six patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to olaparib tablets (300 mg twice daily; n = 178) or physician's choice of single-agent nonplatinum chemotherapy (pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, or topotecan; n = 88). BRCA reversion mutations might have contributed to this finding. No patient randomly assigned to olaparib with a BRCA reversion mutation detected at baseline (6 of 170 [3.5%]) achieved an objective tumor response.

Mechanistically, siTCTP inhibited VEGFR-2 tyrosine phosphorylation and phosphorylation of its downstream targets PI3K, Akt, and mTOR. Collectively, these findings indicate that TCTP can promote proliferation and angiogenesis via the VEGFR-2/PI3K and mTOR signaling pathways in ovarian tumor cells, providing new insight into the mechanism behind the involvement of TCTP in tumor angiogenesis.

Enrichment analysis revealed that DIO3 is mainly involved in inflammatory immune responses and the Ras signaling pathway, SELO is primarily related to innate immune responses, and SELT is closely associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This study explored the expression characteristics of 25 selenoprotein in patients with gynecological malignancies and found that DIO3, SELO, and SELT were significantly associated with the prognosis and clinical features of OV, which are potential therapeutic targets.

P2, N=60, Not yet recruiting, MacroGenics

P2, N=20, Recruiting, Massachusetts General Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Jun 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025

P=N/A, N=7274, Active, not recruiting, UNICANCER | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2024 --> Sep 2025

P2, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Beijing Biostar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.

P1, N=42, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Nov 2025

Our model provides a useful tool for accurately assessing the BRCA1/2 carrier probability for unselected patients with breast cancer.

Methotrexate and Inj. Carboplatin from June to August 2004 followed by optimum cytoreduction in September 2004...Tab Etoposide was given from December 2004 to October 2006...Now she is living with better quality of life with adjunct Ayurvedic treatment, including Oral Ayurvedic Medicines possessing Rasayana (immunomodulatory) and hepato-protective activity and 12 sets of Panchakarma Chikitsa. In this case of Stage IIIA Ovarian carcinoma and second primary Breast carcinoma with BRCA 1 genetic mutation (HBOC syndrome), a long-term 13 years of disease-free survival, and 20 years of overall survival is achieved with the integration of Ayurvedic treatment and conventional cancer treatment.

Question Can the performance of a previously described RPV in women with HGSOC be replicated when licenced to an external institution? Findings External validation of RPV among 244 ovarian lesions demonstrated that, on multivariate analysis, OS was associated with RPV, stage, and postoperative residual disease, replicating previous findings. Clinical relevance External validation of a radiomic tool is an essential step in translation to clinical applicability and provides the basis for prospective validation. In clinical practice, this RPV may allow more personalized decision-making for women with ovarian cancer being considered for extensive cytoreductive surgery.

Our study highlights the crucial function of cGAS signaling in mediating PARPi resistance in ovarian cancer cells. These findings provide valuable novel therapeutic strategies targeting cGAS to improve the efficacy of PARPi-based treatments for ovarian cancer.

No abstract available

Our study suggests that PPP2R2A-KD elevates c-Myc-induced RS via upregulation of replication initiation, rendering HGSOC cells reliant on CHK1 for survival, including those resistant to PARP inhibitors. Combined, these results identify PPP2R2A/PP2A B55α as a potential predictive biomarker for CHK1i sensitivity in HGSOC, as well as suggesting it as a therapeutic target to overcome PARP resistance.

Impaired ImmTAC®-redirected cytotoxicity of exhausted T cells was rescued using an anti-PD-1 antibody, supporting the use of a combination strategy to treat tumors with active PDL1-PD1 axes. Our data demonstrate selective and efficient T cell activation and killing by a PRAME-directed TCRxCD3 bispecific, supporting further investigation in multiple cancer indications.

Given the germline DICER1 variant, this may also represent the first reported instance of DICER1 syndrome manifesting as HDFCO. Further research into the prognostic factors and optimal treatment of HFDCO is needed.

This dynamic treatment not only led to nearly complete remission of high-grade ovarian serous cancer but also triggered regression in grade-2 invasive ductal breast cancer after just a few rounds of chemotherapy. Consequently, what started as palliative care evolved into a curative triumph.

P1, N=0, Withdrawn, Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc. | N=197 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn

P=N/A, N=30, Recruiting, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital

P=N/A, N=662, Completed, Takeda | Recruiting --> Completed

P2, N=31, Recruiting, Sarah K. Lynam MD | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025

In conclusion, our data demonstrate significant levels of CLDN3 expression in many different tumor entities and identify reduced CLDN3 expression as a potential prognostic marker in RCC.

Targeting these interactions using a functional patient-derived immuno-oncology platform demonstrates that high NECTIN2-TIGIT signaling in matched tumors predicts responses to immune checkpoint blockade. Our discovery of clinically relevant myeloid-driven spatial T cell exhaustion unlocks immunotherapeutic strategies to unleash CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in HGSC.

Despite these advances, the heterogeneity of glioblastoma and its complex tumor microenvironment make the translation of such approaches into clinical practice still challenging, and there is an "unmet need". This review discusses the current mechanisms of etiology and potential treatment of BRCA1-related glioblastoma.

The ovarian cancer cell invasion and migration were significantly inhibited after induction of ferroptosis. We decoded the ferroptosis-related gene signatures and immune infiltration patterns that can be used to predict the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.