Oligodendroglioma

P1, N=60, Active, not recruiting, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jun 2024

P=N/A, N=27, Active, not recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025

EGFR Amp did not stratify overall survival (OS) in IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas and astrocytoma, while was significantly associated with poorer OS in IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas, histologic grade 2 and 3 IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic gliomas and GBM. Our study validated EGFR Amp as a diagnostic marker for GBM and still a useful predictor for shortened OS in this group.

P2, N=36, Suspended, Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Trial completion date: Mar 2024 --> Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Jul 2024

P1, N=8, Completed, Istari Oncology, Inc. | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Phase classification: P1b --> P1 | N=12 --> 8

Furthermore, mutations in NOTCH1 are associated with decreased astrocytic differentiation and may limit the response to IDHi. Our study highlights the differentiating potential of IDHi on the cellular hierarchies that drive oligodendrogliomas and suggests a genetic modifier that may improve patient stratification.

Crenolanib (a PDGFR inhibitor) inhibited AOFB-01 cell proliferation...Therefore, PDGF-A produced by microvascular proliferations and tumor cells may promote the proliferation of PDGFR-α-expressing tumor cells in canine HGOG. PDGFR-α signaling has potential as a therapeutic target.

While recommendations are nuanced and reflect the complexity of the disease, maximum safe resection is typically the first step in treatment, followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy using temozolomide or procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine. The lack of treatment options is compounded by frequently suboptimal clinical practice, in which patients do not receive adequate therapy after resection, including delayed, shortened, or discontinued radiotherapy and chemotherapy courses due to treatment side effects. These unmet needs will require significant efforts to address, including a continued search for novel treatment options, increased awareness of clinical guidelines, improved toxicity management for chemotherapy, and the generation of additional and more robust clinical and health economic evidence.

P1, N=350, Recruiting, AbbVie | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2026 --> Oct 2025

KCNN4 was identified to be overexpressed in glioma cells and its expression level is positively related to tumor malignancy. It potentially participates in glioma biology by affecting extracellular regulation, subcellular trafficking, and immune escape. Additionally, high KCNN4 expression was correlated with poor survival outcomes of patients. The results can shed new light on the mechanisms of glioma progression, and provide a potential therapeutic target for treating gliomas.

P2, N=15, Terminated, University of Oklahoma | N=45 --> 15 | Trial completion date: Nov 2024 --> Feb 2024 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Funder terminated funding.

P=N/A, N=0, Withdrawn, Wake Forest University Health Sciences | N=24 --> 0 | Recruiting --> Withdrawn

P2, N=148, Active, not recruiting, NRG Oncology | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P1, N=68, Active, not recruiting, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> May 2024

Most patients (66.7%, n = 20) received drugs via the patient assistance program, with insurance initially covering a third of patients and with ongoing use, later covering 60%. Targeted therapies like IVO are options for mIDH glioma patients and can provide positive oncologic and neurological outcomes.

Oligosarcoma is a prognostically unfavorable CNS neoplasm with characteristic imaging and pathologic features, and a strong association with previously resected oligodendroglioma. Aggressive treatment is recommended, including gross total resection and adjuvant chemoradiation. Further study is required to define optimal treatment protocol for this CNS malignancy.

P1, N=36, Recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Aug 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Aug 2025

P1/2, N=150, Recruiting, Nerviano Medical Sciences | N=75 --> 150

P1, N=49, Active, not recruiting, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025

Collectively, these results showed that the MGMT unmethylation and high levels of CD47 and TIGIT are associated with a poor prognosis in ADG. Patients with high CD47 and TIGIT expression may benefit from anti-CD47 and TIGIT immunotherapy.

P1/2, N=20, Recruiting, University of Miami | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1, N=22, Active, not recruiting, Alpheus Medical, Inc. | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=48 --> 22 | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Apr 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024

P1, N=16, Recruiting, Oblato, Inc. | Phase classification: P1b --> P1

P=N/A, N=20, Recruiting, Columbia University | Initiation date: Nov 2023 --> Jan 2024

We found variable 11C-MET metabolism in WHO 2021 gliomas and confirmed significant difference in metabolic activity and volume of 11C-MET accumulation in glioblastomas compared to IDH «+» gliomas. Moreover, we revealed the relationship between high accumulation index and shorter survival. Analysis of 11C-MET metabolism in patients over 50 years old revealed higher accumulation index in the EGFR «+» group. Further comparison of these imaging methods and assessment of other significant mutations are necessary to identify the anatomical and metabolic patterns of IDH «+» gliomas.

T2-FLAIR discordance patterns in adult-type diffuse LrGGs exist on a diverging but distinct spectrum of classic mismatch to T2-FLAIR matched patterns. Specific molecular markers may play a role in deviations from classic mismatch sign.

P1, N=12, Not yet recruiting, University of Florida

Implementation of combined phenotypic-genotypic diagnosis with the use of histomorphology and immunohistochemical surrogates for molecular genetic alterations will yield more homogeneous and narrowly defined diagnostic entities which will provide better prognostication and definitive treatment. It also is cost-effective in a resource-limited setup.

This case embodied the theoretically understandable clonal expansion of the TP53 mutation with additional mismatch repair gene dysfunction leading to hypermutator phenotype. It thus indicated that TP53 mutation in oligodendroglioma, although not common, may play a critical role in the development of hypermutator after TMZ treatment.

Finally, analysis of multiple samples from each patient revealed multiple subclones with unique mutations in the same gene in 17 of 22 patients, supporting the occurrence of convergent evolution in response to patient-specific selective pressures in the tumor microenvironment that may form the molecular foundation of recurrent disease. Collectively, True2 enables the detection of ultralow frequency mutations during molecular analyses of adult diffuse gliomas, which is necessary to understand cancer evolution, recurrence, and individual response to therapy.

265 patients within the cohort completed postoperative radiotherapy, while 141 patients underwent chemotherapy (procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine, or temozolomide). Of particular importance, molecular sub-classification significantly predicted survival outcomes for IDH, ATRX, and 1p19 co-deletion mutations. Expanding brain tumor epidemiology will benefit assessing the efficacy of regional oncological centers and establishing standards of care.

P3, N=540, Active, not recruiting, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024

Cell-free DNA obtained from cyst fluid in cystic brain tumors is a reliable alternative to tumor DNA when diagnosing brain tumors.

P2; Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Nov 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Nov 2023

P1, N=68, Active, not recruiting, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

P=N/A, N=50, Recruiting, Ourotech, Inc. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Artesunate administered at a dose of 2 × 100 mg/day was without harmful side effects, even if combined with alkylating agents used in glioma therapy. Thus, the phytochemical, which is also utilized as food supplement, is an interesting, well tolerated supportive agent useful for long-term maintenance treatment. Being itself cytotoxic on glioblastoma cells and enhancing the cytotoxicity of temozolomide as well as in view of its senolytic activity, artesunate has clearly a potential to enhance the efficacy of malignant brain cancer therapy.

On a tumor-wide scale, TPM is among the earliest events in glioma evolution. Intercellular heterogeneity of TERT expression, however, suggests dynamic regulation during tumor growth. TERT expression may be a tumor cell-specific biomarker.

Elevated circulating Hsp70 levels and a higher prevalence of activated CD3-/CD56+/CD94+/CD69+ NK cells were associated with an improved OS in grade 3 gliomas, whereas high Hsp70 levels and low CD3+/CD4+ frequencies were associated with an adverse OS in GBM. It is assumed that a reduced membrane Hsp70 density on grade 4 versus grade 3 primary glioma cells and reduced CD3+/CD4+ T cell counts in GBM might drive an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

P1, N=18, Recruiting, University of Nebraska | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Jun 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2024 --> Feb 2025

P2, N=36, Suspended, Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Mar 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2023 --> Mar 2024

In this study, we performed the first systematic research of patients with APS glioma. Most of patients with APS presented headaches and dizziness symptoms. The APS glioma was further divided into two major radiological subtypes with relevant different surgical approaches. The APS glioma in type A were more likely to receive total resection.